發(fā)布時間：2018-05-02 08:59

  本文選題：離婚協(xié)議 + 贈與行為��； 參考：《大連海事大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了能夠盡早的解除夫妻關(guān)系,能夠逃離出婚姻這一"枷鎖",許多夫妻常常會選擇通過簽署離婚協(xié)議來結(jié)束彼此的婚姻關(guān)系。但夫妻雙方在協(xié)商的過程中,總會產(chǎn)生各種矛盾與分歧,而子女往往會為成緩和矛盾的關(guān)鍵所在。雙方通常在離婚協(xié)議內(nèi)寫明把夫妻共同財產(chǎn)或者是一方所有財產(chǎn)贈與子或女。但當離婚協(xié)議簽署完畢解除夫妻關(guān)系后,常常會有一方當事人由于離婚后經(jīng)濟窘迫或看房價節(jié)節(jié)攀升而頗為心疼等原因,從而產(chǎn)生了反悔心態(tài)想要撤銷離婚協(xié)議內(nèi)對子女財產(chǎn)贈與。那么在這種情況下能否撤銷當初的贈與呢?并且夫妻雙方當初簽署離婚協(xié)議中贈與子女財產(chǎn)條款法律性質(zhì)又應當如何認定呢?在目前的法律實踐中,各個法院對此類案件的裁判結(jié)果也不盡相同。有的在一審判決中判定可以撤銷贈與,而上訴至二審法院后,二審法院也有推翻一審法院判決的情形,即不可撤銷。即使判決結(jié)果相同,但說理部分的法理依據(jù)也大相徑庭。主要爭議的焦點是夫妻雙方在離婚協(xié)議中贈與子女財產(chǎn)是不是民法上的贈與合同,同時是否因該贈與在婚姻家庭關(guān)系中而要特殊看待,是否要考慮道德與身份因素。同時關(guān)于離婚協(xié)議中贈與子女財產(chǎn)條款的性質(zhì),學術(shù)界也各有爭議,本文就會對理論界與實務界對此類問題的看法進行總結(jié)與分析。本文總共有四個部分:第一部分為離婚協(xié)議概述。主要內(nèi)容有離婚協(xié)議含義與特征,離婚協(xié)議法律性質(zhì)。第二部分探討了離婚協(xié)議內(nèi)贈與子女財產(chǎn)條款性質(zhì)。首先介紹了學界中的贈與合同說、向第三人履行的合同說、離婚協(xié)議整體說這三種觀點,其次表達了筆者自己的看法,筆者比較傾向于認同離婚協(xié)議整體說這一觀點。第三部分研究了離婚協(xié)議中的贈與方是否享有撤銷權(quán),概括了理論界與實務界的觀點以及各自的理論依據(jù),主要闡述了是應當以《合同法》還是《婚姻法》為法律依據(jù),并分析了司法實務中常見的幾種情形,依據(jù)案例出發(fā),分析不同的情況應當怎樣處理。第四部分探討了子女能否作為原告享有請求權(quán),主要介紹了學界從第三人利益合同出發(fā),對此問題的不同看法。以及筆者自己的觀點及筆者認為實務中一些特殊情況的處理方式這兩個方面。最后結(jié)論對完善離婚協(xié)議內(nèi)贈與子女財產(chǎn)條款提出筆者意見。即筆者認為可以對離婚協(xié)議內(nèi)贈與條款進行明確,并具體列明可撤銷情形。
[Abstract]:In order to dissolve the relationship as soon as possible and to escape the yoke of marriage, many couples often choose to end their marriage by signing a divorce agreement. However, in the process of negotiation, there are always contradictions and differences between husband and wife, and children are often the key to ease the contradiction. The couple usually specify in the divorce agreement whether the couple's joint property or the property of one party is a gift or a woman. However, when the divorce agreement has been signed to dissolve the relationship between the husband and wife, one of the parties will often feel rather sad because of the financial distress after the divorce or watching the price of house prices rise. As a result, a remorse state of mind wants to cancel the divorce agreement on the children's property gift. Can the original gift be revoked in this case? And how should the legal nature of the property clause in the divorce agreement signed by the husband and wife be confirmed? In the current legal practice, different courts have different results on such cases. Some decided in the first instance judgment that the gift could be revoked, and after appeal to the court of second instance, the court of second instance also overturned the judgment of the court of first instance, that is, irrevocable. Even if the verdict is the same, the legal basis of the reasoning is quite different. The main focus of the dispute is whether the property given to the children by the husband and wife in the divorce agreement is a civil law gift contract, whether the gift should be treated specially in the marriage and family relations, and whether the moral and identity factors should be considered. At the same time, the nature of the property clause in divorce agreement is also controversial in academic circles, this paper will summarize and analyze the views of theoretical and practical circles on this kind of issues. There are four parts in this paper: the first part is an overview of divorce settlement. The main content has the divorce agreement meaning and the characteristic, the divorce agreement legal nature. The second part discusses the nature of the property clause in divorce agreement. Firstly, the author introduces the theory of gift contract, the theory of contract to the third party, the theory of divorce agreement as a whole, and the author expresses his own opinion. The author tends to agree with the theory of divorce agreement as a whole. The third part studies whether the donator in the divorce agreement enjoys the right of rescission, summarizes the views of the theoretical and practical circles and their respective theoretical bases, and mainly expounds whether to take the contract Law or the Marriage Law as the legal basis. It also analyzes several common cases in judicial practice, and analyzes how to deal with different situations according to cases. The fourth part discusses whether the children can enjoy the claim as the plaintiff, mainly introduces the different views of the academic circles on this issue from the perspective of the third party interest contract. As well as the author's own point of view and the author thinks in the practice some special situation processing way these two aspects. Finally, the author puts forward the author's opinion on consummating the property clause of the children in the divorce agreement. That is, I think that the divorce agreement can be defined in the gift clause, and specifically listed the circumstances of revocation.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D923.9

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