本文選題：情勢(shì)變更 + 交易基礎(chǔ)理論�。� 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：情勢(shì)變更制度作為“契約必守”(Pacta Sunt Servanda)原則的例外制度,在各個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中起到了保障交易公平安全,維護(hù)契約意思自由的重要作用。情勢(shì)變更原則起源于12、13世紀(jì)注釋法學(xué)派的《優(yōu)帝法學(xué)階梯注釋》。隨后經(jīng)過(guò)幾百年的實(shí)踐和演變,出現(xiàn)了兩種最有代表性的交易基礎(chǔ)理論和契約受挫理論。由于該制度的優(yōu)越性國(guó)際統(tǒng)一商事相關(guān)的公約和規(guī)則也吸取了情勢(shì)變更制度。我國(guó)雖在《合同法》修訂過(guò)程中就情勢(shì)變更制度幾度修改,但最后還是沒(méi)有采納。終于,在2009年最高院頒布的《中華人民共和國(guó)合同法若干問(wèn)題的解釋(二)》第26條規(guī)定將情勢(shì)變更制度正式確立,從此我國(guó)理論界及司法實(shí)踐對(duì)于情勢(shì)變更的適用再不是無(wú)源之水無(wú)本之木。然而在欣喜之余我們也必須意識(shí)到面對(duì)越來(lái)越紛繁蕪雜的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題越來(lái)越變化莫測(cè)的情勢(shì)變更,我國(guó)的情勢(shì)變更制度存在著不足。尤其在2003年到2013年十年內(nèi)先后的購(gòu)房限購(gòu)令出臺(tái)后涌現(xiàn)的各式各樣的糾紛讓法官無(wú)所適從。筆者試圖通過(guò)比較分析的方法,通過(guò)對(duì)德國(guó)交易基礎(chǔ)理論和英美法契約受挫制度及國(guó)際統(tǒng)一法相關(guān)規(guī)定的深入研究和比較,總結(jié)出適用于我國(guó)國(guó)情的優(yōu)勢(shì)理論及制度。本文一共四部分,前三部分著重闡述交易基礎(chǔ)理論、契約受挫制度及國(guó)際統(tǒng)一事領(lǐng)域川關(guān)規(guī)定和運(yùn)用比較方法分析各種情勢(shì)變更制度及規(guī)則的利弊,求得與我國(guó)目前情況的契合；最后一部分全面分析了我國(guó)目前情勢(shì)變更制度的立法情況及司法實(shí)踐情況,通過(guò)引用案例指出了現(xiàn)在我國(guó)亟需解決的問(wèn)題。最后上述的綜合分析和比較,筆者提出了從情勢(shì)變更制度的適用條件、法律后果及適用程序方面的完善意見(jiàn)。
[Abstract]:As an exception to the principle of pacta Sunt servlet and a), the system of situation change plays an important role in ensuring the fair and secure transaction and safeguarding the freedom of contract meaning in the economic life of every country.The principle of change of circumstances originates from the annotated School of Annotation in the 13 th century.After several hundred years of practice and evolution, two representative basic theories of transaction and contract frustration emerged.Because of the superiority of this system, the international uniform commercial conventions and rules also absorb the regime of change of circumstances.In the course of the revision of contract Law, China changed the system of situation several times, but it was not adopted in the end.Finally, article 26 of the interpretation of certain issues concerning the contract Law of the people's Republic of China promulgated by the Supreme Court in 2009 provided for the formal establishment of the regime of change of circumstances.From then on, the application of situation change in theory and judicial practice in our country is no longer without source water.However, we must also realize that in the face of more and more complicated economic problems, the situation change is becoming more and more unpredictable, and the system of situation change in our country has some shortcomings.In particular, the various disputes that sprung up after the purchase restrictions of 2003 to 2013 left judges at a loss.The author tries to sum up the advantage theory and system applicable to the national conditions of our country through the deep research and comparison of the German basic theory of transaction, the frustration system of the contract between the common law and the common law and the relevant provisions of the international uniform law through the method of comparative analysis.There are four parts in this paper. The first three parts focus on the basic theory of transaction, the system of contract frustration and the regulations of international unification, and use comparative methods to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various systems and rules of situation change.In the last part, the author analyzes the legislative situation and judicial practice of China's current situation change system, and points out the problems that need to be solved by citing cases.Finally, through the comprehensive analysis and comparison mentioned above, the author puts forward some suggestions on the application conditions, the legal consequences and the applicable procedure of the change of circumstances system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

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