本文選題：房屋買賣預(yù)約　切入點(diǎn)：法律效力　出處：《華東政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：房屋買賣預(yù)約合同,是約定將來訂立房屋買賣合同的合同。由于其具有安排未來房產(chǎn)交易的功能與購房合同訂立的非確定性，為了促成房屋買賣合同高效、快速的訂立，就必須用相應(yīng)法律規(guī)則加以調(diào)整。在諸多大陸法系國家，預(yù)約以當(dāng)事人能夠達(dá)成合同的締結(jié)為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，關(guān)懷合同雙方當(dāng)事人的意思表示，并使之一定程度上受現(xiàn)行法律規(guī)則和法律原則的約束。但由于其制度上的漏洞，則又為法律的干涉保留了空間。雖然我國預(yù)約規(guī)則大體沿襲了上述概念，但仍沒有建立起一個(gè)明確具體的制度體系，我國《合同法》對預(yù)約規(guī)則沒有相關(guān)規(guī)定，理論上探討這個(gè)問題的文獻(xiàn)雖然不少，但是在我們看來，現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)都沒有尋找到構(gòu)建預(yù)約法律制度的合適路徑。尤其是對房屋買賣預(yù)約制度方面的研究，仍然處于停滯階段。在司法實(shí)踐中，，相關(guān)法律的空白、理論研究的缺乏造成了對房屋買賣預(yù)約合同效力認(rèn)定及違約救濟(jì)的混亂。 本文將以房屋買賣預(yù)約糾紛的案例討論為切入點(diǎn)，結(jié)合我國現(xiàn)行《關(guān)于審理商品房買賣合同糾紛案件適用法律若干問題的解釋》（以下簡稱商品房解釋）、《買賣合同司法解釋三》等法律條文，與相關(guān)國家的預(yù)約糾紛判例，試圖剖析房屋買賣預(yù)約的性質(zhì)及法律效力，從而探究房屋買賣預(yù)約合同違約后的救濟(jì)手段，解決當(dāng)事人雙方的矛盾，并對如何避免房屋買賣預(yù)約合同風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及構(gòu)建預(yù)約法律制度提出相應(yīng)司法建議。 為行文的需要，本文主要分為六章。 第一章分為三節(jié)。本章主要以房屋買賣預(yù)約糾紛案例為切入點(diǎn)，反映了現(xiàn)階段房屋買賣預(yù)約的主要問題，同時(shí)分析了問題的本質(zhì)及歸納了爭議焦點(diǎn)。 第二章分為三節(jié)。第一節(jié)簡單地介紹了各國家立法預(yù)約制度之規(guī)定及其涵義。第二節(jié)討論了在司法實(shí)踐中，預(yù)約制度在現(xiàn)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)水平與市場經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下所存在的必要性與重要性。第三節(jié)根據(jù)房屋買賣的特性，分析房屋買賣的法律性質(zhì)。 第三章分為四節(jié)。本章分析了房屋買賣預(yù)約及其相關(guān)的概念的區(qū)別。此外，在購房過程中，預(yù)購款也是一個(gè)核心的概念，其極易與合同中的定金相混淆，本章也討論了房屋買賣預(yù)購款與定金的差異。 第四章分為四節(jié)。第一節(jié)第二節(jié)主要討論了房屋買賣預(yù)約合同的成立要件及生效要件，并簡單討論了現(xiàn)實(shí)中可能影響房屋買賣預(yù)約合同效力的幾個(gè)因素。第三、四節(jié)介紹了現(xiàn)理論界有關(guān)預(yù)約制度法律效力的學(xué)說，與筆者的相應(yīng)看法。 第五章分為三節(jié)。本章主要討論了房屋買賣過程中，當(dāng)事人一方違反預(yù)約合同的規(guī)定，守約方得以根據(jù)哪些法律基礎(chǔ)追究當(dāng)事人的責(zé)任，并對具體救濟(jì)手段如何適用進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。 第六章分為兩節(jié)。根據(jù)前文的分析，對第一章的案例問題提出相對合理的解決，第二節(jié)討論了如何規(guī)范避免房屋買賣預(yù)約過程中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，以期能完善我國的預(yù)約制度，引導(dǎo)司法實(shí)踐，進(jìn)而有力解決有關(guān)糾紛，維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義。
[Abstract]:The sale of housing contract, agreed the future housing sales contracts entered into the contract. Because of its non deterministic scheduling function of real estate transactions and future purchase contract, in order to promote the sale of housing, and a fast, it must use the corresponding legal rules to adjust. In many civil law countries, the parties can agree to make an appointment the conclusion of the contract as the starting point, expressed concern about the parties to the contract, and to a certain extent by the existing legal rules and legal principles of restraint. But because of the loopholes in the system, and the legal interference reserves space. Although our reservation rules basically followed the above concept, but still not established a specific system, China's "contract law" the relevant provisions of the rules without reservation, although many of the problems on the theory of literature, but in the US It seems that the existing literature are not looking to build a suitable path reservation legal system. Especially the research on the sale of housing reservation system, is still in the initial stage. In judicial practice, the relevant legal blank, the lack of theoretical research results in the sale of housing contract validity and confusion of remedy for breach of contract.
In this case the sale of housing disputes about the appointment as the starting point, combined with our current < > explain some issues concerning the application of law in the trial of real estate contract disputes (hereinafter referred to as the commercial housing contract for the sale of judicial interpretation), < three > and the law interpretation, and appointment disputes related to national case, attempts to analyze the nature and legal effect of the sale of housing reservation, so as to explore the sale of Housing Contract Breach Remedy, solve the contradiction between the parties, and how to avoid the sale of housing construction and put forward the corresponding risk pre contract judicial suggestions precontract legal system.
This article is divided into six chapters for the need of writing.
The first chapter is divided into three sections. This chapter mainly takes housing sales appointment dispute cases as a breakthrough point, reflecting the main problems of the current housing sales and booking, and analyzes the essence of the problem and summarizes the focus of controversy.
The second chapter is divided into three sections. The first section introduces the legislative provisions and the appointment system. The second section discusses the meaning in judicial practice, the necessity of reservation system that existed in the current economic level and under the condition of market economy and the importance of the third section. According to the characteristics of the housing sale, legal analysis the sale of housing.
The third chapter is divided into four sections. This chapter analyzes the difference between the housing sales appointment and the related concepts. In addition, in the process of buying houses, the prepayment is also a core concept, which is easily confused with the fixed metal in the contract. This chapter also discusses the difference between the housing purchase and purchase and the deposit.
The fourth chapter is divided into four sections. The first section of the second section mainly discusses the constitutive requirements of the sale of housing contract and effectiveness, and discussed several factors affect the validity of the contract the sale of housing reservation in reality. The third, fourth section introduces the theory about the appointment system in law theory, and the corresponding views.
The fifth chapter is divided into three sections. This chapter mainly discusses the process of housing transactions, one of the parties in violation of the provisions of the contract appointment, the other party can according to what the legal basis for accountability of the parties, and the details of how to apply the remedies are analyzed in detail.
The sixth chapter is divided into two sections. According to the above analysis, put forward a relatively reasonable solution of the case of the first chapter, the second part discusses how to regulate the sale of housing reservation to avoid the risk existing in the process, in order to perfect our reservation system, guide the judicial practice, and solve related disputes, safeguard social fairness and justice.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 劉俊臣;合同預(yù)約若干法律問題初探[J];法律適用(國家法官學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào));2002年04期

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