本文關(guān)鍵詞： 專利池 專利權(quán)濫用 專利池許可 反壟斷法 規(guī)制　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自1856年美國(guó)縫紉機(jī)聯(lián)盟創(chuàng)立了世界上第一個(gè)專利池至今,專利池已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了150余年的發(fā)展歷史,其自成立之初就顯現(xiàn)出了巨大的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,并在美國(guó)、歐盟、日本等地迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)。專利池是一個(gè)多項(xiàng)專利的集合體,一方面它能夠消除專利實(shí)施中的授權(quán)障礙,大大降低專利許可的交易成本,推動(dòng)專利技術(shù)的廣泛應(yīng)用,已日益成為各國(guó)企業(yè)參與全球市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的重要戰(zhàn)略武器；另一方面,由于專利池給各國(guó)企業(yè)帶來(lái)的巨大利潤(rùn),使其一直處于被各國(guó)強(qiáng)化保護(hù)的溫床之中,漸漸地很多國(guó)外大公司就開(kāi)始濫用專利權(quán)以限制競(jìng)爭(zhēng),謀求壟斷,將其作為打壓排擠競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的一種工具,從而一定程度上抑制了技術(shù)的研發(fā)和創(chuàng)新,使專利池成為存放無(wú)效專利的避風(fēng)港。這正如鄭成思先生所說(shuō)的,“專利制度已經(jīng)走味了”。 在知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的今天,專利池許可已經(jīng)成為高科技領(lǐng)域非常重要的許可模式,專利池也已經(jīng)受到我國(guó)的高度重視,近年來(lái)有關(guān)專利池以及專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為方面的研究層出不窮,但遺憾的是,至今為止我國(guó)還未對(duì)專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為形成統(tǒng)一的、有效的法律規(guī)制體系,大多都散見(jiàn)于合同法、專利法、反壟斷法的條文中,而且理論性很強(qiáng),缺乏可操作性,這就使得我國(guó)企業(yè)在維權(quán)時(shí)幾乎無(wú)據(jù)可循,增加了維權(quán)成本。加之目前國(guó)際主流專利池都是由發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家專利權(quán)人掌控,而我國(guó)企業(yè)又是其主要許可對(duì)象,過(guò)高的專利收費(fèi)是我國(guó)面臨的最突出的專利池壟斷危害。因此我們有必要再一次對(duì)專利池許可模式尤其是專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為進(jìn)行深入的研究和分析,從而建立我國(guó)統(tǒng)一有效的規(guī)制專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為的法律體系。 與國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)有的其他研究相比,本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：一方面本文不再局限于純理論性的探討,而更多的轉(zhuǎn)向了對(duì)規(guī)制專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為的實(shí)施機(jī)制的更深一步的研究,使其具有更強(qiáng)的可操作性。另一方面,隨著我國(guó)《反壟斷法》的頒布實(shí)施,并在借鑒歐美、日本、臺(tái)灣及國(guó)際上的相關(guān)立法實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了主要以反壟斷法為主,輔之合同法、專利法等對(duì)專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為進(jìn)行規(guī)制的建議。全文分為引言、正文、結(jié)論三大部分,其中正文由四章構(gòu)成： 第一章主要介紹了專利池的定義、類別、特點(diǎn)以及發(fā)展歷史,并進(jìn)一步闡述了專利池許可的作用以及列舉了專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為的主要表現(xiàn)。 第二章主要為規(guī)制專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為尋找理論支撐,分別從民法上的禁止權(quán)利濫用原則、專利的壟斷性質(zhì)與專利許可制度的關(guān)系、專利制度和反壟斷制度目的上的統(tǒng)一性三方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)闡述。 第三章主要介紹了國(guó)際條約、美國(guó)、歐盟、日本以及我國(guó)臺(tái)灣地區(qū)對(duì)專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為的法律規(guī)制,經(jīng)過(guò)分析比較,從而得出能夠適用于我國(guó)的立法建議和實(shí)施機(jī)制。 第四章首先指出了我國(guó)目前在規(guī)制專利池許可中濫用專利權(quán)行為方面的現(xiàn)狀及不足,然后提出了具體的應(yīng)對(duì)措施,一方面需要合同法、專利法及反壟斷法三者相互銜接、相互協(xié)調(diào)；另一方面要求企業(yè)自身應(yīng)采取措施提高創(chuàng)新能力,增強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
[Abstract]:Since 1856 the United States sewing machine alliance created the world's first patent pool now, patent pool has experienced 150 years of development history, its since its inception showed a huge market competitiveness, and in the United States, European Union, Japan and other developed rapidly. The patent pool is a collection of a number of patents. On the one hand, it can eliminate the obstacles in the implementation of patent licensing, patent licensing greatly reduce transaction costs, promote the wide application of patented technology, has become an important strategic weapon for all enterprises to compete in the global market; on the other hand, because of the huge profits brought to the patent pool of all enterprises, which has been strengthening the protection of countries the hotbed, many large foreign companies gradually began to abuse of patent rights to limit the competition to monopoly, as a tool to suppress competitive exclusion, thus to some extent. The degree of inhibition of technology development and innovation, the patent pool becomes stored haven. This patent is invalid as Mr. Zheng Chengsi said, "the patent system has been stale."
In today's knowledge-based economy, patent pool has become a high-tech field permits very important mode, patent pools have paid great attention in China in recent years, the patent pool and Patent Pool Licensing of the abuse of patent right behavior emerge in an endless stream, but unfortunately, so far our country has not the Patent Pool License in the patent abuses to form a unified system, effective legal regulation, mostly in contract law, patent law, anti-monopoly law, but also has a strong theoretical, lack of maneuverability, which makes our country enterprise rights almost no basis to follow, increasing the cost of rights in the current. The mainstream of the international patent pools are dominated by developed countries and the patentee, the enterprises of our country is the main object of licensing patent fee is too high, China faces the most prominent patent pool monopoly harm. So we have It is necessary to further study and analyze the patent pool licensing mode, especially the abuse of patent rights in Patent Pool License, so as to establish a unified and effective legal system to regulate patent abuse in Patent Pool Licensing in China.
Compared with other domestic existing research, the innovation of this paper lies in: on the one hand, this is no longer confined to purely theoretical, but more to further study the implementation mechanism of patent abuse of patent pool licensing rights behavior deeper, make its operability stronger. On the other hand, as China's "anti-monopoly law" promulgated and implemented, and in reference to Europe and the United States, Japan, Taiwan and the International Foundation of the relevant legislation and practice, put forward mainly based on anti-monopoly law, supplementary contract law, regulation of Patent Pool Licensing patent abuse behavior of the patent law proposal. The article is divided into the introduction, text, conclusion of three parts, of which the body consists of four chapters:
The first chapter mainly introduces the definition, categories, characteristics and development history of patent pools, and further expounds the role of Patent Pool Licensing, and lists the main manifestations of patent abuse in Patent Pool Licensing.
The second chapter is the regulation of Patent Pool Licensing patent abuses to find theoretical support, respectively from the right to prohibit the abuse of civil law principle, relationship between monopoly of patent and patent license, patent system and anti monopoly system to the unity of the three aspects are discussed in detail.
The third chapter mainly introduces the laws and regulations about the abuse of patent rights in Patent Pool Licensing by international treaties, the US, the European Union, Japan and Taiwan area. After analysis and comparison, we draw the legislative proposals and implementation mechanisms that can be applied to China.
The fourth chapter points out the present situation of the abuse of patent in the regulation of patent pool licensing rights behavior and the insufficiency, and puts forward concrete measures, on the one hand to contract law, patent law and antitrust law three interrelated, mutual coordination; enterprises should take measures to improve the innovation ability of the other hand and enhance market competitiveness.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D923.42

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本文編號(hào)：1508191