本文關(guān)鍵詞： 責(zé)任競(jìng)合 法律適用 賠償范圍 法域擴(kuò)張　出處：《寧波大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在一些存在合同關(guān)系的加害給付案件中，關(guān)于責(zé)任人的責(zé)任承擔(dān)會(huì)出現(xiàn)責(zé)任競(jìng)合的現(xiàn)象。合同履行的不完全，除可能損害債權(quán)人的履行利益外，還可能發(fā)生對(duì)債權(quán)人固有利益的損害。當(dāng)合同一方當(dāng)事人受到合同履行不能或者瑕疵履行而導(dǎo)致的人身傷害的情況下，，當(dāng)事人可以根據(jù)不同法律的責(zé)任構(gòu)成要件、救濟(jì)途徑、適用的法律后果等因素，進(jìn)行利益權(quán)衡從而確定其權(quán)利主張。本文在對(duì)這些因素進(jìn)行對(duì)比后，主要提出當(dāng)出現(xiàn)人身傷害時(shí)，《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》在保護(hù)人身權(quán)利上具有一定優(yōu)勢(shì)。 在《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》實(shí)施以前，法律允許受害的當(dāng)事人根據(jù)不同法律的不同功能和價(jià)值取向，對(duì)于主張其權(quán)利的方式作出自由的選擇�！肚謾�(quán)責(zé)任法》和《合同法》在立法上分屬不同的價(jià)值領(lǐng)域。依據(jù)《合同法》和《民法通則》對(duì)當(dāng)事人權(quán)益的保護(hù)和責(zé)任競(jìng)合情形的處理具有一定局限性。在責(zé)任競(jìng)合的情況下，尋求權(quán)利救濟(jì)的方式和獲得救濟(jì)的范圍存在不足。 在《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》頒布實(shí)施以后，一方面，要重視該法在責(zé)任競(jìng)合時(shí)發(fā)揮出的保護(hù)人身權(quán)益的巨大作用，建立起一個(gè)和諧穩(wěn)定的民法體系。《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》對(duì)于責(zé)任競(jìng)合的處理在對(duì)于受害者利益的保護(hù)和合同相對(duì)人對(duì)于加害方的追償權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)中，在舉證責(zé)任承擔(dān)，保護(hù)利益的范圍等方面，均具有傳統(tǒng)民法不具有的優(yōu)勢(shì)。另一方面，《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》對(duì)于當(dāng)事人權(quán)益是有了更多的保護(hù)，但也與其他法域之間出現(xiàn)了沖突，《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》的適用是需要慎重對(duì)待的。特別是在合同法領(lǐng)域，《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》在發(fā)揮其優(yōu)勢(shì)之時(shí)，也需要在立法技術(shù)上予以改進(jìn)，避免過(guò)多的介入。 《侵權(quán)責(zé)任法》的適用在實(shí)踐中越來(lái)越廣泛，其生存空間是廣闊和必要的。但是作為其日益擴(kuò)張的適用范圍，一些原屬于合同利益，例如加害給付的受害利益的履行利益，是否也受到侵權(quán)法的規(guī)制，侵權(quán)責(zé)任法如何介入，在何種程度上介入都是本文需要探討的。
[Abstract]:In some cases where there is a contractual relationship between injurious benefits and payments, the liability of the responsible person may appear to be concurrent. The incomplete performance of the contract, in addition to the possibility of harming the creditor's performance interests, It may also cause damage to the inherent interests of the creditor. When a party to a contract is injured by the personal injury caused by the inability or defective performance of the contract, the parties may, according to the constitutive requirements of different laws, have access to remedies, After comparing these factors, the author puts forward that the Tort liability Law has certain advantages in protecting personal rights when personal injury occurs. Prior to the implementation of the Tort liability Law, the law allowed injured parties to have different functions and value orientations according to different laws. The tort liability law and the contract law respectively belong to different value areas in legislation. According to the contract law and the general principles of civil law, the rights and interests of the parties are protected and held responsible. The handling of competing cases has certain limitations. In the case of concurrence of responsibilities, There are deficiencies in the way of seeking right relief and the scope of obtaining relief. After the promulgation and implementation of the Tort liability Law, on the one hand, it is necessary to attach importance to the enormous role that the Law plays in protecting the rights and interests of the person when the law is competing with each other. Establish a harmonious and stable civil law system. The tort liability law deals with the concurrence of liability in the protection of the interests of the victim and the realization of the counterparty's right of recourse to the injurious party, and bears the burden of proof. On the other hand, the Tort liability Law has more protection for the rights and interests of the parties. However, conflicts have also arisen with other jurisdictions, and the application of the Tort liability Law needs to be treated with caution. Especially in the field of contract law, the Tort liability Law also needs to be improved in terms of legislative techniques when it exerts its advantages, Avoid too much intervention. The application of Tort liability Law is more and more extensive in practice, and its living space is broad and necessary. Whether it is also regulated by tort law, how to intervene tort liability law, and to what extent it needs to be discussed in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923

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