本文關(guān)鍵詞： 合同法 鼓勵(lì)交易原則 效率 締約自由　出處：《政治與法律》2017年07期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：鼓勵(lì)交易原則對(duì)于我國(guó)《合同法》的制定和近年的司法實(shí)踐具有極為重要的意義。其實(shí)我國(guó)學(xué)界并未就其相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論形成共識(shí)。鼓勵(lì)交易原則應(yīng)以社會(huì)整體意義上的經(jīng)濟(jì)效率為導(dǎo)向,鼓勵(lì)合法、自愿、可能、效率最大化的交易。鼓勵(lì)交易原則在作用方式上可以分為積極方式和消極方式,在適用上應(yīng)滿(mǎn)足必要性和充分合理性,尤其需要合理平衡其與消極締約自由之保護(hù)的關(guān)系。由此重新檢視我國(guó)《合同法》中的相關(guān)制度可以發(fā)現(xiàn),近年來(lái)以司法解釋形式創(chuàng)設(shè)的必要條款、預(yù)約合同、無(wú)權(quán)處分、一物(地)多賣(mài)(租)的實(shí)際履行順序等合同法新制度中,鼓勵(lì)交易原則的運(yùn)用分別存在過(guò)度、缺位及異化三大問(wèn)題。在編纂我國(guó)《民法典》合同編的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)以鼓勵(lì)交易原則的合理表達(dá)為線(xiàn)索,從立法論和解釋論兩個(gè)角度對(duì)這四項(xiàng)制度進(jìn)行重構(gòu)和解釋,從而為完善相關(guān)制度提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:The principle of encouraging transaction is of great significance to the formulation of contract law and the judicial practice in recent years. In fact, there is no consensus on its basic theory in Chinese academic circles. The principle of encouraging transaction should be based on the whole idea of society. In the sense of economic efficiency, Encouraging transactions that are legal, voluntary, possible, and efficient. The principle of encouraging transactions can be divided into positive and negative ways of working, and should be applied in such a way as to satisfy the necessity and full reasonableness, In particular, it is necessary to strike a reasonable balance between the protection of the freedom to conclude a contract and the protection of the negative freedom of contracting. From this review, we can find that the necessary provisions created in the form of judicial interpretation in recent years, such as the appointment of contracts and the unauthorized disposition, can be re-examined in China's contract Law. In the new system of contract law, such as the order of actual performance of one thing (land), the order of actual performance, and so on, there are three problems in the application of the principle of encouraging transaction: excessive, vacancy and alienation. The reasonable expression of encouraging transaction principle should be taken as the clue to reconstruct and explain the four systems from the angle of legislative theory and explanation theory so as to provide a new way of thinking for perfecting the relevant system.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：作者主持的中國(guó)法學(xué)會(huì)2016年部級(jí)一般課題“司法解釋創(chuàng)設(shè)的合同法新制度實(shí)證研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):CLS[2016]C55)的成果之一
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D923.6

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