論國外對華反補貼實踐及我國補貼法律制度的改革
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-07 18:07
【摘要】：自2004年加拿大對我國首次發(fā)起反補貼調(diào)查以來，我國成為世界上遭遇反補貼調(diào)查最多的國家.我國對外貿(mào)易的環(huán)境日益惡化，某些行業(yè)因此遭遇巨大損失。反補貼作為主要國際貿(mào)易救濟措施之一，長期以來被國際社會廣泛認為不適用于非市場經(jīng)濟國家。外國對我國產(chǎn)品適用反補貼措施，表明國際社會對反補貼的基本規(guī)則有了新的解讀，對反補貼制度適用于非市場經(jīng)濟國家的合法性進行研究則顯得十分必要。另外，研究我國現(xiàn)行補貼制度的不足及改進的措施，減少國外反補貼調(diào)查，爭取有利的國際貿(mào)易環(huán)境也非常重要。筆者試圖運用歷史分析、比較分析、案例分析等方法就國外對華反補貼的正當性和我國補貼制度改革做一系列的研究。 第一章：簡要介紹論文選題的背景、前人研究成果、研究內(nèi)容和研究方法。 第二章：介紹我國目前遭遇反補貼的概況。主要包括我國遭遇雙反案件的介紹；國際社會從熱衷使用反傾銷到反傾銷和反補貼措施同時適用的原因；國際社會對華雙反的特點；反補貼和反傾銷同時適用對我國的影響。 第三章：主要分析對華雙反的合法性。通過分析美國、歐盟、加拿大有關(guān)反補貼的法律規(guī)定和美國對非市場經(jīng)濟國家反補貼案例，，以及WTO《補貼與反補貼措施協(xié)議》（以下簡稱SCM協(xié)議）的有關(guān)規(guī)定，筆者認為，對非市場經(jīng)濟國家反補貼不存在法律依據(jù)的障礙，但“雙反”措施同時實施可能導致“重復救濟”。 第四章：首先，通過分析中國加入世貿(mào)組織時簽署的文件，筆者認為，中國作為發(fā)展中國家享有的補貼權(quán)利基本被剝奪，中國在未來將承擔更多的有關(guān)補貼限制的義務。其次，筆者認為，中國改進其補貼制度的壓力不僅來自于國內(nèi)也來自于國外。受中國長期計劃經(jīng)濟的影響，中國在管理國有企業(yè)的手段不能滿足加入WTO后的要求，中央政府對地方政府補貼權(quán)限的規(guī)制立法不到位，地方政府補貼行為不易有效監(jiān)管。 第五章：中國改革補貼制度必須堅持以市場經(jīng)濟制度為基礎(chǔ)。構(gòu)建統(tǒng)一透明的與補貼相關(guān)的制度，既要合理維護國內(nèi)企業(yè)的利益又要關(guān)注WTO的規(guī)則。制度建設(shè)的重點是處理好中央和地方的補貼權(quán)能分配，并應當構(gòu)建有效的立法監(jiān)督、司法監(jiān)督和行政監(jiān)督制度，靈活而務實的補貼策略也是不可缺少的。
[Abstract]:Since Canada launched the countervailing investigation against our country for the first time in 2004, China has become the country with the most countervailing investigation in the world. The environment of our country's foreign trade is getting worse day by day, and some industries suffer huge losses as a result. Countervailing, as one of the main relief measures in international trade, has long been widely accepted by the international community as not applicable to non-market economy countries. The application of countervailing measures to Chinese products by foreign countries shows that the international community has a new interpretation of the basic rules of countervailing, and it is very necessary to study the legitimacy of countervailing system applied to non-market economy countries. In addition, it is very important to study the deficiency of our current subsidy system and the measures to improve it, to reduce the investigation of foreign countervailing, and to strive for a favorable international trade environment. The author tries to use historical analysis, comparative analysis, case analysis and other methods to do a series of research on the legitimacy of foreign countervailing to China and the reform of China's subsidy system. The first chapter briefly introduces the background, previous research results, research contents and research methods of the thesis. Chapter two: introduce the current situation of countervailing in our country. It mainly includes the introduction of China's double countervailing cases; the reasons why the international community has applied both anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures from keen use of anti-dumping to anti-dumping and countervailing measures; the characteristics of international double-countervailing to China; and the influence of the simultaneous application of countervailing and antidumping on China. Chapter III: the main analysis of the legitimacy of China's dual anti-Japanese. By analyzing the laws and regulations of the United States, the European Union and Canada on countervailing, and the case of countervailing of non-market economy countries by the United States, as well as the relevant provisions of the WTO Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (hereinafter referred to as the SCM Agreement), the author thinks that: There are no legal barriers to countervailing non-market economy countries, but the simultaneous implementation of "double countervailing" measures may lead to "repeated relief". Chapter four: first of all, by analyzing the documents signed by China when entering WTO, the author thinks that China as a developing country has basically been deprived of its right to subsidize, and China will assume more obligations related to the limitation of subsidies in the future. Secondly, the author believes that China's pressure to improve its subsidy system comes not only from home but also from abroad. Under the influence of China's long-term planned economy, the means of managing state-owned enterprises in China can not meet the requirements after China's entry into WTO. The central government's legislation on local government subsidy authority is not in place, and local government subsidy behavior is not easy to supervise effectively. Chapter V: China's reform of the subsidy system must adhere to the market economy system as the basis. To construct a unified and transparent subsidy-related system, we should not only safeguard the interests of domestic enterprises, but also pay attention to the rules of WTO. The focus of the system construction is to deal with the distribution of subsidy power between the central and local governments, and the effective legislative supervision, judicial supervision and administrative supervision system should be set up. Flexible and pragmatic subsidy strategies are also indispensable.
【學位授予單位】：南京財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1
本文編號：2436332
[Abstract]:Since Canada launched the countervailing investigation against our country for the first time in 2004, China has become the country with the most countervailing investigation in the world. The environment of our country's foreign trade is getting worse day by day, and some industries suffer huge losses as a result. Countervailing, as one of the main relief measures in international trade, has long been widely accepted by the international community as not applicable to non-market economy countries. The application of countervailing measures to Chinese products by foreign countries shows that the international community has a new interpretation of the basic rules of countervailing, and it is very necessary to study the legitimacy of countervailing system applied to non-market economy countries. In addition, it is very important to study the deficiency of our current subsidy system and the measures to improve it, to reduce the investigation of foreign countervailing, and to strive for a favorable international trade environment. The author tries to use historical analysis, comparative analysis, case analysis and other methods to do a series of research on the legitimacy of foreign countervailing to China and the reform of China's subsidy system. The first chapter briefly introduces the background, previous research results, research contents and research methods of the thesis. Chapter two: introduce the current situation of countervailing in our country. It mainly includes the introduction of China's double countervailing cases; the reasons why the international community has applied both anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures from keen use of anti-dumping to anti-dumping and countervailing measures; the characteristics of international double-countervailing to China; and the influence of the simultaneous application of countervailing and antidumping on China. Chapter III: the main analysis of the legitimacy of China's dual anti-Japanese. By analyzing the laws and regulations of the United States, the European Union and Canada on countervailing, and the case of countervailing of non-market economy countries by the United States, as well as the relevant provisions of the WTO Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures (hereinafter referred to as the SCM Agreement), the author thinks that: There are no legal barriers to countervailing non-market economy countries, but the simultaneous implementation of "double countervailing" measures may lead to "repeated relief". Chapter four: first of all, by analyzing the documents signed by China when entering WTO, the author thinks that China as a developing country has basically been deprived of its right to subsidize, and China will assume more obligations related to the limitation of subsidies in the future. Secondly, the author believes that China's pressure to improve its subsidy system comes not only from home but also from abroad. Under the influence of China's long-term planned economy, the means of managing state-owned enterprises in China can not meet the requirements after China's entry into WTO. The central government's legislation on local government subsidy authority is not in place, and local government subsidy behavior is not easy to supervise effectively. Chapter V: China's reform of the subsidy system must adhere to the market economy system as the basis. To construct a unified and transparent subsidy-related system, we should not only safeguard the interests of domestic enterprises, but also pay attention to the rules of WTO. The focus of the system construction is to deal with the distribution of subsidy power between the central and local governments, and the effective legislative supervision, judicial supervision and administrative supervision system should be set up. Flexible and pragmatic subsidy strategies are also indispensable.
【學位授予單位】：南京財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.1
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本文編號：2436332
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