TRIPS協(xié)定下注冊商標的使用要求
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-19 19:15
【摘要】：本文旨在研究TRIPS協(xié)定下注冊商標的使用要求。緒論明確了商標使用的意義及TRIPS協(xié)定對注冊商標的使用要求的國際協(xié)調(diào)意義,并對本文研究的范圍予以了界定。在研究路徑的指引下,正文各章具體從如下四個方面展開論述：第一章探討了注冊商標的使用要求之條約義務。首先,梳理和分析了注冊商標的使用要求的條約體系,明確了TRIPS協(xié)定在注冊商標使用要求的協(xié)調(diào)上所取得的進步以及在國際條約體系中的顯著地位。其次,對TRIPS協(xié)定中注冊商標的使用要求的起草過程、條約義務性質(zhì)、具體內(nèi)容和邏輯關系等進行了深入分析。商標注冊階段的使用要求屬于TRIPS協(xié)定的選擇性條約義務,但對于設定該階段使用要求的成員方而言,須遵守TRIPS協(xié)定的下述規(guī)則：商標的實際使用不應成為注冊申請的條件,申請之日起三年內(nèi)的不使用不得成為商標注冊的唯一拒絕理由。TRIPS協(xié)定中注冊商標維持階段的使用要求也屬于選擇性條約義務,在該階段設定使用要求的成員方需恪守TRIPS協(xié)定在商標使用主體、不使用的期間、不使用的正當理由以及法律后果等方面的義務。最后,在條約比較和條文分析的基礎上,文章指出TRIPS協(xié)定體現(xiàn)了迄今為止國際條約在注冊商標使用要求的國際協(xié)調(diào)上的最高成就,同時也分析了TRIPS協(xié)定在協(xié)調(diào)上存在的局限性。第二章對WTO主要成員方的注冊商標的使用要求制度進行了比較研究。分別考察了美國、歐盟及其主要成員國英國、德國、法國等WTO成員方的相關立法和實踐,對不同成員方在商標使用的涵義及具體情形、不使用的期間、正當理由、法律后果以及相關程序等問題上的規(guī)定作了細致、深入的分析。在商標使用的概念上,盡管各主要成員方在立法規(guī)定上存在差異,但在商標實踐中對商標使用的本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵認識趨于一致,即發(fā)揮商標區(qū)分來源功能的使用；在商標注冊和權利行使階段的使用要求上,各主要成員方并未都設定相應制度,這與不同的商標權取得制、立法傳統(tǒng)以及商標保護制度息息相關；在注冊商標維持階段的使用要求上,各主要成員方無一例外地都規(guī)定了使用要求,且在使用主體、變形使用、不使用的法律后果、舉證責任等方面規(guī)定類似,但在不使用的期間、突擊使用的應對、撤銷程序的啟動主體等方面存在不同。這些制度上的共性與特性為注冊商標的使用要求的理論研究奠定了基礎,也為我國相關立法的完善提供了制度參考。第三章在前兩章條約分析和國別比較的基礎上,歸納了注冊商標的使用要求的基本理論。第一節(jié)從商標資源的合理配置和商標保護的正當性角度考察了注冊商標的使用要求的制度成因；第二節(jié)對注冊商標的使用要求的基本概念作出解析,首先,從注冊的起源探討了兩種商標權取得制下“注冊”的不同涵義,明確了TRIPS協(xié)定下“注冊”的雙重涵義；其次,對商標使用的概念作出界定,明確商標使用的內(nèi)涵是來源區(qū)分性使用,并從商標使用的主體、內(nèi)容、對象、方式等方面探討了商標使用的外延；最后,針對“使用”與“不使用”的關系,對商標“不使用”的涵義、認定、正當理由以及法律后果等問題作出探討。第三節(jié)對注冊商標的使用要求反映的核心關系予以辨析,并指出該制度體現(xiàn)了注冊與使用的融合以及公權對私權的介入。第四章分析了我國的注冊商標使用要求的制度現(xiàn)狀和立法不足,并提出了制度完善的立法建議。第一節(jié)從商標使用的涵義、商標注冊階段、商標注冊維持階段以及注冊商標權利行使等四個方面對我國使用要求的立法與實踐現(xiàn)狀予以了全方位的介紹；第二節(jié)針對上述四個方面分別分析了我國現(xiàn)行立法與實踐中存在的問題與不足；第三節(jié)在結(jié)合TRIPS協(xié)定條約義務并參考其他成員相應制度的基礎上,對我國注冊商標使用要求的完善提出了立法建議。具體建議為：對商標使用概念進行概括±列舉式界定,在商標注冊階段設立意向使用要求,在注冊商標維持階段對不使用的正當理由、突擊使用的應對、注冊商標權的失效時間等問題進行修改,增加注冊商標程序性權利行使上的使用要求,并進一步完善注冊商標實體權利行使上的使用要求。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the use requirements of registered trademarks under the TRIPS Agreement. The introduction of the meaning of the use of the trademark and the international coordination meaning of the TRIPS Agreement on the use of the registered trademark are defined, and the scope of the study is defined. Under the guidance of the research path, the chapters of the text are discussed in detail from the following four aspects: the first chapter discusses the treaty obligation of the use requirement of the registered trademark. First, the treaty system of the use requirement of the registered trademark is analyzed and analyzed, and the progress made by the TRIPS agreement in the harmonization of the use requirements of the registered trademark and the prominent position in the international treaty system are clarified. Secondly, the drafting process of the use requirement of the registered trademark in the TRIPS agreement, the nature of the treaty obligation, the specific content and the logical relation are deeply analyzed. The use of a trademark registration phase requires the option of a selective treaty obligation under the TRIPS Agreement, but the following rules of the TRIPS Agreement shall be followed for the members who set the use requirements of this stage: the actual use of the trade mark shall not be the subject of the registration application, The non-use of the application within three years from the date of the application shall not be the sole reason for the refusal of the trademark registration. The use requirements of the registered trademark maintenance phase in the TRIPS Agreement also fall under the obligation of the selective treaty, and the members who set the use requirements in this stage shall adhere to the obligations of the TRIPS Agreement in respect of the subject of the use of the trademark, the period of the non-use, the justification for the non-use, and the legal consequences. Finally, on the basis of the comparison of the treaty and the analysis of the provisions, the article points out that the TRIPS Agreement embodies the highest achievements of the international treaties to date on the use of registered trademarks, and also analyses the limitations of the TRIPS agreement. The second chapter makes a comparative study of the use requirement system of the registered trademark of the main member of the WTO. The relevant legislation and practice of the members of the WTO members such as the United States, the European Union and its major member States, such as the United States, the European Union and other members of the WTO, are examined, and the meaning and the specific circumstances of the use of the trade mark by different members shall be investigated, and the period and the reasons for the non-use of the trademark shall be justified. The legal consequences, as well as the related procedures, are detailed and in-depth analysis. In the concept of the use of the trade mark, although the main members are different in the legislative provisions, the definition of the essence of the use of the trademark in the practice of the trade mark tends to be the same, that is, the use of the function of distinguishing the source of the trademark is used; and in the use requirements of the trademark registration and the exercise of the right, Each major member has not set a corresponding system, which is closely related to the acquisition of different trademark rights, the legislative tradition and the trademark protection system; in the use requirements of the holding period of the registered trademark, the main members have specified the use requirements without exception, and in the case of using the main body, The use of deformation, the non-use of the legal consequences, the burden of proof, etc. are similar, but there are differences in the period of non-use, the response to the use of the assault, the subject of the withdrawal of the procedure, and the like. The commonness and characteristic on these systems lay the foundation for the theoretical study of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and also provide the system reference for the perfection of the relevant legislation in China. The third chapter summarizes the basic theory of the use requirement of the registered trademark on the basis of the previous two chapters of the treaty analysis and the country comparison. In the first section, the system origin of the use requirement of the registered trademark is examined from the reasonable allocation of the trademark resources and the legitimacy of the trademark protection; the second section analyzes the basic concept of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and first, From the origin of the registration, the author discusses the different meaning of the 鈥渞egister鈥，
本文編號：2387330
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the use requirements of registered trademarks under the TRIPS Agreement. The introduction of the meaning of the use of the trademark and the international coordination meaning of the TRIPS Agreement on the use of the registered trademark are defined, and the scope of the study is defined. Under the guidance of the research path, the chapters of the text are discussed in detail from the following four aspects: the first chapter discusses the treaty obligation of the use requirement of the registered trademark. First, the treaty system of the use requirement of the registered trademark is analyzed and analyzed, and the progress made by the TRIPS agreement in the harmonization of the use requirements of the registered trademark and the prominent position in the international treaty system are clarified. Secondly, the drafting process of the use requirement of the registered trademark in the TRIPS agreement, the nature of the treaty obligation, the specific content and the logical relation are deeply analyzed. The use of a trademark registration phase requires the option of a selective treaty obligation under the TRIPS Agreement, but the following rules of the TRIPS Agreement shall be followed for the members who set the use requirements of this stage: the actual use of the trade mark shall not be the subject of the registration application, The non-use of the application within three years from the date of the application shall not be the sole reason for the refusal of the trademark registration. The use requirements of the registered trademark maintenance phase in the TRIPS Agreement also fall under the obligation of the selective treaty, and the members who set the use requirements in this stage shall adhere to the obligations of the TRIPS Agreement in respect of the subject of the use of the trademark, the period of the non-use, the justification for the non-use, and the legal consequences. Finally, on the basis of the comparison of the treaty and the analysis of the provisions, the article points out that the TRIPS Agreement embodies the highest achievements of the international treaties to date on the use of registered trademarks, and also analyses the limitations of the TRIPS agreement. The second chapter makes a comparative study of the use requirement system of the registered trademark of the main member of the WTO. The relevant legislation and practice of the members of the WTO members such as the United States, the European Union and its major member States, such as the United States, the European Union and other members of the WTO, are examined, and the meaning and the specific circumstances of the use of the trade mark by different members shall be investigated, and the period and the reasons for the non-use of the trademark shall be justified. The legal consequences, as well as the related procedures, are detailed and in-depth analysis. In the concept of the use of the trade mark, although the main members are different in the legislative provisions, the definition of the essence of the use of the trademark in the practice of the trade mark tends to be the same, that is, the use of the function of distinguishing the source of the trademark is used; and in the use requirements of the trademark registration and the exercise of the right, Each major member has not set a corresponding system, which is closely related to the acquisition of different trademark rights, the legislative tradition and the trademark protection system; in the use requirements of the holding period of the registered trademark, the main members have specified the use requirements without exception, and in the case of using the main body, The use of deformation, the non-use of the legal consequences, the burden of proof, etc. are similar, but there are differences in the period of non-use, the response to the use of the assault, the subject of the withdrawal of the procedure, and the like. The commonness and characteristic on these systems lay the foundation for the theoretical study of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and also provide the system reference for the perfection of the relevant legislation in China. The third chapter summarizes the basic theory of the use requirement of the registered trademark on the basis of the previous two chapters of the treaty analysis and the country comparison. In the first section, the system origin of the use requirement of the registered trademark is examined from the reasonable allocation of the trademark resources and the legitimacy of the trademark protection; the second section analyzes the basic concept of the use requirement of the registered trademark, and first, From the origin of the registration, the author discusses the different meaning of the 鈥渞egister鈥，
本文編號：2387330
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