《聯(lián)合國殘疾人權(quán)利公約》淺析
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-03 20:36
【摘要】：從成立之初起,聯(lián)合國就一直關(guān)注殘疾人的權(quán)益。2006年通過的《聯(lián)合國殘疾人權(quán)利公約》成為第一個由聯(lián)合國發(fā)起的有關(guān)殘疾人的國際公約。它對國際社會產(chǎn)生了較大的影響,對各國的殘疾人維權(quán)工作有著指導意義。本文主要圍繞公約的背景、內(nèi)容、效果和局限展開分析,對公約今后可能面臨的挑戰(zhàn)進行了探討,并提出自己的建議。在國際社會無政府狀態(tài)無本質(zhì)性改變的情況下,聯(lián)合國各人權(quán)公約的實效并不依賴于公約本身的內(nèi)容或是簽約國的絕對數(shù)量,而是各國對公約內(nèi)容的認同度以及是否愿意采取修改國內(nèi)法律、制訂行動綱領(lǐng)等實質(zhì)性措施來履約。對此,每個國家都有其內(nèi)在動力(符合國家利益或國內(nèi)發(fā)展需要等)和外在動力(體系要求或謀求援助等),其中起決定性因素的是內(nèi)在動力。鑒于《聯(lián)合國殘疾人權(quán)利公約》實為軟法的現(xiàn)實,無論采取何種方式改良包括監(jiān)督機制、保留機制在內(nèi)的整個公約框架,最終促進整個國際社會關(guān)愛、保護殘疾人的行動必須落實到提升各國政府和社會對殘疾人人權(quán)問題的認識上。
[Abstract]:Since its inception, the United Nations has been concerned about the rights and interests of persons with disabilities. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted in 2006, has become the first international convention on persons with disabilities sponsored by the United Nations. It has a great impact on the international community and has a guiding significance for the work of protecting the rights of the disabled in various countries. In this paper, the background, content, effect and limitation of the convention are analyzed, the challenges that the convention may face in the future are discussed, and some suggestions are put forward. In the absence of a fundamental change in the anarchy of the international community, the effectiveness of the United Nations human rights conventions does not depend on the content of the conventions themselves or on the absolute number of signatories, It is the degree of acceptance of the content of the convention and the willingness to adopt substantive measures such as amending domestic laws and formulating a programme of action to implement the Convention. In this regard, each country has its own internal motivation (in line with national interests or domestic development needs, etc.) and external forces (system requirements or requests for assistance, etc.), among which the decisive factor is internal motivation. Bearing in mind the fact that the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a reality of soft law and that the entire framework of the Convention, including monitoring mechanisms and reservations mechanisms, is improved in any way that ultimately promotes the care of the international community as a whole, Actions to protect persons with disabilities must be implemented to raise awareness among governments and societies about the human rights of persons with disabilities.
【學位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D998.2
本文編號：2308969
[Abstract]:Since its inception, the United Nations has been concerned about the rights and interests of persons with disabilities. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted in 2006, has become the first international convention on persons with disabilities sponsored by the United Nations. It has a great impact on the international community and has a guiding significance for the work of protecting the rights of the disabled in various countries. In this paper, the background, content, effect and limitation of the convention are analyzed, the challenges that the convention may face in the future are discussed, and some suggestions are put forward. In the absence of a fundamental change in the anarchy of the international community, the effectiveness of the United Nations human rights conventions does not depend on the content of the conventions themselves or on the absolute number of signatories, It is the degree of acceptance of the content of the convention and the willingness to adopt substantive measures such as amending domestic laws and formulating a programme of action to implement the Convention. In this regard, each country has its own internal motivation (in line with national interests or domestic development needs, etc.) and external forces (system requirements or requests for assistance, etc.), among which the decisive factor is internal motivation. Bearing in mind the fact that the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a reality of soft law and that the entire framework of the Convention, including monitoring mechanisms and reservations mechanisms, is improved in any way that ultimately promotes the care of the international community as a whole, Actions to protect persons with disabilities must be implemented to raise awareness among governments and societies about the human rights of persons with disabilities.
【學位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D998.2
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 何志鵬;;從《殘疾人權(quán)利公約》反思國際人權(quán)機制[J];北方法學;2008年05期
2 劉志云;;博弈論中的獲益偏好假設(shè)與國際立法[J];江西社會科學;2011年05期
3 張愛寧;;國際法對殘疾人的保護——兼評聯(lián)合國《殘疾人權(quán)利公約》[J];政法論壇;2010年04期
，本文編號：2308969
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/falvlunwen/guojifa/2308969.html
