【摘要】：縱觀歐盟制憲進(jìn)程,從1951年到2009年歐盟經(jīng)歷了巴黎條約、羅馬條約、曼徹斯特條約、阿姆斯特丹條約、尼斯條約、歐盟憲法條約和里斯本條約,歐盟一體化的路途不那么平坦,總是不斷陷入僵局和沼澤之中。2005年的法國和荷蘭公投使歐盟陷入危機(jī),2008年愛爾蘭的公投又差點(diǎn)使里斯本條約流產(chǎn)。2009年12月1日里斯本條約終于走完成員國的全部批準(zhǔn)程序正式生效。盡管經(jīng)歷種種苦難,歐盟終于以里斯本條約的生效而進(jìn)入歐洲的一體化和憲政化的新時(shí)代。 里斯本約作為一個(gè)憲法性條約,并沒有沿襲歐盟憲法條約的象征性,取消了憲法、盟旗、盟徽等敏感性的字眼,實(shí)際上是一個(gè)簡化了的“憲法條約”。里約條款較少,結(jié)構(gòu)卻及其復(fù)雜,在內(nèi)容上主要是就歐盟的憲政治理結(jié)構(gòu)的地位及其權(quán)力分配進(jìn)行了些許的改變。這些改變?cè)谀撤N程度上加強(qiáng)了歐盟運(yùn)行的效率性、透明性和民主性,更加符合了憲政的精神和內(nèi)涵。 本文以里斯本條約為視角闡述歐盟的憲政改革,從歷史著手,結(jié)合里斯本條約的具體內(nèi)容對(duì)歐盟的憲政結(jié)構(gòu)及其權(quán)力分配進(jìn)行剖析。在此基礎(chǔ)上,從歐盟權(quán)能、歐盟民主和人權(quán)三個(gè)角度分析里斯本條約與歐盟的憲政化的關(guān)系,以全面展示里斯本條約的憲法性屬性及里斯本條約下歐盟的憲政化走向。同時(shí),里斯本條約的內(nèi)容及其價(jià)值都將對(duì)我國的憲政建設(shè)帶來不小的啟發(fā)和影響,在主權(quán)的讓渡與保留方面、憲法的設(shè)計(jì)上、憲政政治的推行上,我國都應(yīng)該吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn),努力加強(qiáng)憲政建設(shè),推動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治的合作與發(fā)展。 除引言與結(jié)語外,本文分為四個(gè)部分。第一部分,里斯本條約概觀,主要闡述里斯本條約的產(chǎn)生、結(jié)構(gòu)、主要內(nèi)容及改革的目標(biāo)和價(jià)值。這一部分主要是對(duì)里斯本條約進(jìn)行總體上的介紹,為下面的具體內(nèi)容做基礎(chǔ)鋪墊；第二部分根據(jù)歐盟的憲政結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行劃分共分為七個(gè)小節(jié),分別針對(duì)里斯本條約對(duì)不同歐盟機(jī)構(gòu)的改革進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)論述,并對(duì)機(jī)構(gòu)間的權(quán)力分配與制衡進(jìn)行說明；第三部分在前一部分的基礎(chǔ)上論述里斯本條約與歐盟憲政化的關(guān)系,從歐盟權(quán)能、歐盟民主、歐盟人權(quán)三個(gè)角度進(jìn)行了深入探討,說明里斯本條約在歐盟憲政化進(jìn)程的作用；第四部分簡要分析了歐盟改革對(duì)中國的影響與啟示。
[Abstract]:Throughout the EU constitution-making process, from 1951 to 2009, the EU experienced the Paris Treaty, the Rome Treaty, the Manchester Treaty, the Amsterdam Treaty, the Nice Treaty, the EU Constitutional Treaty and the Lisbon Treaty. The French and Dutch referendums in 2005 plunged the EU into crisis, and the Irish referendum in 2008 almost aborted the Lisbon treaty. On December 1, 2009, the Lisbon treaty finally reached all of its members The ratification procedure takes effect. Despite all the suffering, the European Union finally entered a new era of European integration and constitutionalism with the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty. Lisbon treaty, as a constitutional treaty, does not follow the symbol of the EU constitutional treaty, and cancels the sensitive words such as constitution, flag and emblem. In fact, it is a simplified "constitutional treaty". There are few provisions in Rio, but the structure is extremely complicated. In content, it mainly changes the status and power distribution of the constitutional governance structure of the European Union. To some extent, these changes strengthen the efficiency, transparency and democracy of the EU's operation, and are more in line with the spirit and connotation of constitutionalism. From the perspective of the Lisbon Treaty, this paper expounds the constitutional reform of the European Union, and analyzes the constitutional structure of the European Union and its distribution of powers from the perspective of history and the concrete contents of the Lisbon Treaty. On this basis, the relationship between Lisbon Treaty and EU constitutionalism is analyzed from the perspectives of EU power, EU democracy and human rights, in order to show the constitutional attribute of Lisbon Treaty and the trend of EU constitutionalism under Lisbon Treaty. At the same time, the content and value of the Lisbon Treaty will bring great inspiration and influence to the constitutional construction of our country. In terms of the transfer and reservation of sovereignty, the design of the constitution and the implementation of the constitutional politics, our country should learn from the experience. Efforts will be made to strengthen constitutional construction and promote regional economic and political cooperation and development. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this article is divided into four parts. The first part is an overview of the Lisbon Treaty, which mainly expounds the origin, structure, main content and the goal and value of the Lisbon Treaty. This part mainly introduces the Lisbon Treaty in general and lays the foundation for the following concrete contents. The second part is divided into seven sections according to the constitutional structure of the European Union. On the basis of the former part, the third part discusses the relationship between the Lisbon Treaty and the constitutionalism of the European Union. This paper discusses the role of Lisbon Treaty in the process of constitutionalism from the perspectives of EU power, EU democracy and EU human rights. The fourth part briefly analyzes the influence and enlightenment of EU reform on China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D99

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本文編號(hào)：2244521