本文選題：集裝箱提單 + 不知條款��； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：“不知條款”是在集裝箱提單中廣泛使用的一種免責(zé)條款,是指集裝箱承運(yùn)人在接收整箱貨時無法獲知或核實集裝箱內(nèi)所裝貨物與托運(yùn)人提供的記載于提單上的貨物詳情一致而在提單表面進(jìn)行的一種批注,在集裝箱提單中其通常表現(xiàn)形式為“據(jù)稱內(nèi)裝”、“發(fā)貨人裝箱、計數(shù)”、“發(fā)貨人裝箱、計數(shù)并加封”、“整箱貨托運(yùn)”或者有些情況下直接表現(xiàn)為集裝箱提單背面的格式條款,此條款對各方當(dāng)事人在集裝箱運(yùn)輸中的權(quán)利義務(wù)影響非常大,而在理論和實踐中卻沒有得到應(yīng)有的重視,因此有必要對“不知條款”進(jìn)行深入研究,分析集裝箱運(yùn)輸各方在面對含有“不知條款”的集裝箱提單時如何保護(hù)自己的合法權(quán)益。 本文包括以下六個部分: 前言部分介紹了本文將要研究的內(nèi)容和當(dāng)前相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的概況、研究現(xiàn)狀。 第一章對集裝箱提單中的“不知條款”進(jìn)行概括性的梳理,首先從該條款產(chǎn)生的現(xiàn)實及法律基礎(chǔ)、表現(xiàn)形式等方面對集裝箱提單中的“不知條款”進(jìn)行分析,認(rèn)為集裝箱提單中的“不知條款”有其產(chǎn)生的現(xiàn)實土壤和法律上的依據(jù),然后結(jié)合幾個主要國家對集裝箱提單中的“不知條款”的態(tài)度對其效力進(jìn)行分析,認(rèn)為各國都是有條件承認(rèn)其效力。 第二章從集裝箱運(yùn)輸中各方當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利義務(wù)的分配著手,分兩個方面對集裝箱提單中的“不知條款”的影響進(jìn)行分析。一方面該條款雖然不影響提單作為清潔提單交單議付的功能,但卻影響了集裝箱提單作為貨物收據(jù)的證明力;另一方面該條款對集裝箱運(yùn)輸各方當(dāng)事人的責(zé)任劃分、舉證責(zé)任分配、單位賠償責(zé)任限制等均有較大影響。 第三章結(jié)合集裝箱運(yùn)輸實務(wù)對承運(yùn)人在集裝箱提單中濫用“不知條款”的情形進(jìn)行歸納,認(rèn)為在承運(yùn)人及其代理人負(fù)責(zé)裝箱的拼箱貨運(yùn)輸以及承運(yùn)人監(jiān)督裝箱的情況下,承運(yùn)人仍然在集裝箱提單中批注“不知條款”構(gòu)成對“不知條款”的濫用,同時在訴訟中也存在承運(yùn)人濫用“不知條款”的情形,筆者認(rèn)為在權(quán)威檢驗機(jī)構(gòu)對集裝箱進(jìn)行檢驗并出具檢驗報告的情況下,只要符合條件,承運(yùn)人仍然有權(quán)在集裝箱提單上批注“不知條款”。 第四章分別從托運(yùn)人、承運(yùn)人、收貨人等各方當(dāng)事人的角度,提出具有可操作性的應(yīng)對集裝箱提單中“不知條款”、保護(hù)自身合法權(quán)益的建議。 結(jié)語部分是對整篇文章論述的簡單總結(jié),并對我國的立法提出建議。
[Abstract]:" I do not know the article " is an exemption clause widely used in the container bill of lading , which means that the container carrier cannot know or verify the cargo details recorded on the bill of lading made by the shipper when receiving the whole box , and it is usually expressed as a form clause on the surface of the bill of lading in the container bill of lading , which is not paid enough attention in theory and practice , so it is necessary to study the " unknown clause " in depth to analyze how the parties protect their legitimate rights and interests in the face of the container bill of lading containing the " unknown clause " .


This article includes the following six sections :


The preface introduces the content of the research and the current situation in the relevant field .


The first chapter analyzes the " unknown clauses " in the container bill of lading , firstly analyzes the " unknown clauses " in the container bill of lading from the perspective of the reality and the legal basis and expression of the clause , and considers that the " unknown clause " in the container bill of lading has the realistic soil and legal basis , then analyzes the effect of the " unknown clause " in the container bill of lading in combination with several major countries , and believes that all countries are qualified to recognize their effectiveness .


The second chapter analyzes the effect of the " unknown clause " in the container bill of lading from the distribution of the rights and obligations of the parties involved in the container transportation . On the one hand , the article does not affect the function of bill of lading as a bill of lading for the clean bill of lading , but it affects the proof force of the container bill of lading as the receipt of the goods ; on the other hand , it has a great influence on the division of responsibility of the parties concerned in the container transportation , the distribution of burden of proof , the limitation of unit compensation liability , etc .


Chapter 3 summarizes the situation of the carrier ' s abuse of " unknown clause " in the container bill of lading in combination with the container transport practice . In the case that the carrier and his agent are responsible for packing the container goods and the carrier ' s supervision and boxing , the carrier still signs the " unknown clause " in the container bill of lading . In the meantime , in the case of the carrier abusing the " unknown clause " , the author thinks that the carrier still has the right to endorse the " unknown clause " on the container bill of lading .


In the fourth chapter , the author puts forward some suggestions on how to deal with the " unknown clause " in the container bill of lading and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the container from the perspective of the parties concerned , such as the shipper , the carrier and the consignee .


The concluding part is a brief summary of the whole article , and puts forward some suggestions on our country ' s legislation .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D996.19

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本文編號：2099409