本文選題：反傾銷 + 貿(mào)易保護(hù)��； 參考：《吉林財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：傾銷是指一國(地區(qū))的生產(chǎn)商或出口商以低于其國內(nèi)市場(chǎng)價(jià)格或低于成本的價(jià)格將其商品擠進(jìn)另一國(地區(qū))市場(chǎng)的行為。傾銷被認(rèn)為是國際貿(mào)易違背公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與公平貿(mào)易規(guī)則的不正當(dāng)?shù)纳虡I(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)行為。反傾銷最初是作為一種應(yīng)對(duì)傾銷的手段問世的,它是指由于一國向另一國銷售的產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格低于本國價(jià)格,另一國以法律手段保護(hù)其產(chǎn)業(yè)的做法。但隨著國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,反傾銷逐漸成為一種非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易壁壘,在阻擋國外同類產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入本國市場(chǎng)的過程中起著至關(guān)重要的作用,特別是世界各國受到經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的沖擊,國際貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義有所抬頭,反傾銷作為一種貿(mào)易救濟(jì)手段有被濫用的趨勢(shì)。 據(jù)商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計(jì),“針對(duì)中國的反傾銷案件占世界反傾銷案件的比例已經(jīng)由20世紀(jì)80年的3.6%猛增到目前的20%左右”。據(jù)WTO統(tǒng)計(jì),1995年世貿(mào)組織成立以來,成員方涉及中國產(chǎn)品的反傾銷立案調(diào)查,占案件總數(shù)的1/7左右。中國已連續(xù)多年成為世界上遭受反傾銷案件調(diào)查最多的國家,目前中國遭遇全世界三分之一的反傾銷調(diào)查。嚴(yán)重影響著我國外貿(mào)事業(yè)的正常出口秩序。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣、增速放緩將導(dǎo)致國際貿(mào)易保護(hù)的加劇是個(gè)基本規(guī)律。由于經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)帶來的沖擊仍在持續(xù),保護(hù)主義已在抬頭,專家預(yù)測(cè),未來幾年我國出口產(chǎn)品會(huì)不斷遇到貿(mào)易摩擦,而且貿(mào)易摩擦?xí)尸F(xiàn)綜合化、多樣化和隱蔽化等新特點(diǎn),這給政府、企業(yè)帶來了新挑戰(zhàn)。在上述背景下,中國需要認(rèn)真研究反傾銷措施的真正意義所在,據(jù)此完善本國的反傾銷措施。 文章在闡述傾銷、反傾銷基本理論的基礎(chǔ)上,研究WTO、美國、歐盟等主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體的反傾銷機(jī)構(gòu)、程序,對(duì)傾銷、反傾銷措施進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)分析,強(qiáng)調(diào)濫用反傾銷措施給出口國、進(jìn)口國、第三國經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來的負(fù)面影響,在熟悉、正確認(rèn)識(shí)反傾銷措施的基礎(chǔ)上分析國外對(duì)華反傾銷的原因。在此前提下,提出我國應(yīng)對(duì)對(duì)華反傾銷的法律對(duì)策,特別是反傾銷稅作為應(yīng)對(duì)國外對(duì)華反傾銷的博弈手段,有較強(qiáng)的政策性,如隨意使用不但保護(hù)不了本國企業(yè),還會(huì)引發(fā)國外對(duì)華更大規(guī)模的反傾銷調(diào)查。提出我國對(duì)其進(jìn)行稅法規(guī)制的必要性及措施。 第一部分介紹了傾銷、反傾銷基本理論,包括傾銷、反傾銷的界定、產(chǎn)生、具體措施及WTO、美國、歐盟國家的反傾銷機(jī)構(gòu)和程序,為科學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)、運(yùn)用反傾銷手段做好鋪墊。第二部分綜合概述,傾銷、反傾銷的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響,從法律角度看,反傾銷具有正當(dāng)性,但立法主體也不能單為保護(hù)本國產(chǎn)業(yè)而濫用反傾銷措施,這樣本國消費(fèi)者也將成為受害者,所以要對(duì)反傾銷措施進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)分析。第三部分概括國外對(duì)華反傾銷的基本情況。我國遭遇反傾銷調(diào)查的產(chǎn)品正經(jīng)歷著一個(gè)由低附加值向高附加值轉(zhuǎn)變的過程。從數(shù)量上,中國已連續(xù)多年成為世界上遭受反傾銷案件調(diào)查最多的國家,目前中國遭遇全世界三分之一的反傾銷調(diào)查。第四部分闡述過我頻繁遭受反傾銷調(diào)查的原因,客觀上,有中國對(duì)外貿(mào)易額的迅速增長(zhǎng)、我國產(chǎn)品在某些國家遭受歧視性原則、《WTO反傾銷協(xié)議》的缺陷、國際貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的抬頭等多方面的原因;主觀上,有我國企業(yè)出口秩序比較混亂、涉案企業(yè)不積極應(yīng)訴等原因。第五部分介紹我國應(yīng)對(duì)對(duì)華反傾銷的法律對(duì)策,從完善應(yīng)訴機(jī)制、完善反傾銷立法兩大方面提出一些重構(gòu)設(shè)想。文章基本結(jié)論是:我國連續(xù)多年成為世界上遭受反傾銷調(diào)查最多的國家,有國際貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義抬頭等客觀方面的原因,也有本國企業(yè)不積極應(yīng)訴、法律不夠完善的主觀原因,針對(duì)客觀因素要學(xué)會(huì)趨利避害,重點(diǎn)從主觀方面完善自己,特別是完善反傾銷立法,立法過程中要綜合考慮多種因素,反傾銷法律作為涉外法律,其制定過程比單純的國內(nèi)立法繁瑣,要衡量社會(huì)總體福利,實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)福利的最大化,鞏固并推動(dòng)我國來之不易的國際市場(chǎng)地位。
[Abstract]:Dumping refers to the behavior of a producer or exporter in a country (region) to squeeze its goods into another country (regional) market at a price lower than its domestic market or lower cost. Dumping is considered an unfair competition in international trade against fair competition and fair trade rules. With the development of the international economy and trade, anti dumping has gradually become a non-tariff trade barrier to prevent the same products from entering the domestic market. The important role of international trade protectionism has been raised, and anti dumping is a tendency to be abused as a means of trade relief.
According to the statistics of the Ministry of Commerce, "the proportion of anti-dumping cases against China in the world has risen from 3.6% in 80 years in twentieth Century to about 20%". According to WTO statistics, since the founding of the WTO in 1995, the anti dumping investigations involving Chinese products have been investigated by the members of the WTO, accounting for about 1/7 of the total number of cases. The world's most investigated countries have suffered the most anti-dumping cases. At present, China has encountered 1/3 anti-dumping investigations in the world. It seriously affects the normal export order of our foreign trade cause. The world economy is sluggish and the slowdown in growth will lead to the intensification of international trade protection. The impact of the economic crisis is still continuing. Protectionism has been rising. Experts have predicted that China's export products will continue to encounter trade frictions in the next few years, and trade frictions will present new features such as comprehensive, diversified and concealed, which bring new challenges to the government and enterprises. Under the above background, China needs to study the real significance of anti-dumping measures and improve it in this context. Antidumping measures in the country.
On the basis of the basic theory of dumping and anti dumping, the article studies the anti-dumping institutions and procedures of WTO, the United States and the European Union, and carries out the economic analysis of dumping and anti-dumping measures, emphasizing the negative effects of the abuse of anti-dumping measures to the exporters, the importing countries and the third country economic zone, and is familiar and correctly understanding the basis of the anti-dumping measures. On the basis of the analysis, the reasons for the anti-dumping against China are analyzed. On this premise, the Legal Countermeasures of China's anti dumping against China, especially the antidumping tax as a game means to deal with China's antidumping against China, have strong policy nature, such as the free use not only can not protect the domestic enterprises, but also lead to a more large-scale antidumping transfer to China. He proposed the necessity and measures of tax law regulation in China.
The first part introduces the basic theory of dumping and anti-dumping, including dumping, the definition of anti-dumping, the production, specific measures and the anti-dumping institutions and procedures of WTO, the United States and the EU countries, for scientific understanding and the use of anti-dumping measures. The second part of the comprehensive overview, the dumping, the economic impact of anti-dumping, from a legal point of view, anti-dumping is positive. When sex, but the legislative body can not only be used to protect the domestic industry and abuse anti-dumping measures, so the domestic consumers will also become victims, so the anti-dumping measures should be analyzed economically. The third part summarizes the basic situation of foreign anti-dumping to China. In number, China has been the most investigated country in the world for antidumping cases for many years. At present, China has encountered 1/3 anti-dumping investigations in the world. The fourth part describes the reasons that I frequently suffer from anti-dumping investigations. Objectively, there is a rapid increase in China's foreign trade volume and China's products. In some countries, there are many reasons for the discriminatory principles, the defects of the 【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1;D922.29;F752.02

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