本文選題：水法 + 氣候變化��； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：2010年聯(lián)合國水機(jī)制在其政策摘要中明確指出，水在氣候變化適應(yīng)中至關(guān)重要。與此相應(yīng)，適應(yīng)性水法律制度成為因應(yīng)氣候變化的適應(yīng)性法律體系的重要組成部分。本文擬以氣候變化適應(yīng)為起點(diǎn)，廣泛關(guān)注水法的適應(yīng)性問題，不僅從應(yīng)對氣候變化的視角，立足脆弱性理論，研究以適應(yīng)能力建設(shè)為導(dǎo)向的適應(yīng)性水法律制度體系的構(gòu)建，更嘗試從水治道變革的角度，立足不確定性和復(fù)雜性理論，探討水適應(yīng)性管理、水風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理、水綜合管理對水法的挑戰(zhàn)和立法訴求，以及水法能否有效回應(yīng)并適應(yīng)的問題。全文共分為四章： 第一章適應(yīng)性立法的證成。通過探尋“適應(yīng)”從應(yīng)對氣候變化的基本策略演變?yōu)閲H法律制度的發(fā)展軌跡，論證“適應(yīng)”已經(jīng)成為正式的法律問題且適應(yīng)性立法已經(jīng)成為內(nèi)涵明晰、框架雛成的獨(dú)立的法律部門。在國際法層面概述了《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》的適應(yīng)條款、《公約》外的適應(yīng)行動(dòng)以及《公約》后的適應(yīng)制度進(jìn)程，界定了國內(nèi)法層面的適應(yīng)性立法的概念，分析了應(yīng)對氣候變化適應(yīng)性立法的框架體系，確定適應(yīng)性水法律制度在其中的重要地位。 第二章適應(yīng)性水法的界說。以IPCC的技術(shù)報(bào)告《氣候變化與水》為依據(jù)，介紹了氣候變化對水的影響、對水管理的挑戰(zhàn)，，以及水管理應(yīng)對氣候變化的基本策略；概述了氣候變化在法學(xué)領(lǐng)域所引發(fā)的水法思辨，包括應(yīng)對氣候變化的應(yīng)急化處理、集權(quán)化思路和體系化構(gòu)建等三種模式；通過分析氣候變化適應(yīng)理論的歷史沿革和應(yīng)對不確定性的一般策略，將氣候變化適應(yīng)理論的核心定位為脆弱性，主張立足脆弱性將適應(yīng)性水法體系建設(shè)目標(biāo)定位于水管理適應(yīng)能力建設(shè)。 第三章闡述氣候變化視域外水治道的適應(yīng)性變革。通過對水適應(yīng)性管理、水風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理、水綜合管理的理論注解，以及適應(yīng)性管理的環(huán)境實(shí)用主義注解，廓清不同管理理念對待不確定性和復(fù)雜性問題的解題思路及其對水法的適應(yīng)性挑戰(zhàn)，研究視角從單一的自然科學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)向與社會(huì)科學(xué)相結(jié)合。 第四章由水治道適應(yīng)性變革進(jìn)一步探討水法的適應(yīng)性問題。分析水治道適應(yīng)性變革對水法的適應(yīng)性挑戰(zhàn)；在闡釋法律適應(yīng)性一般理論的基礎(chǔ)上，論述水法適應(yīng)性問題的特殊性，拓展對法律適應(yīng)性的理解，論證水法適應(yīng)性既包括對水治道變革的適應(yīng)，也包括對氣候變化適應(yīng)的適應(yīng)；以中國為例，對水法適應(yīng)性進(jìn)行個(gè)案分析和實(shí)證分析，并最終借由復(fù)雜適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)理論和開放的復(fù)雜巨系統(tǒng)理論說明水法適應(yīng)性的限度。
[Abstract]:In 2010, UN-Water made clear in its policy summary that water is essential for climate change adaptation. Accordingly, the adaptive water legal system becomes an important part of the adaptive legal system in response to climate change. In this paper, the adaptation to climate change is taken as the starting point, and the adaptation of water law is concerned widely, not only from the perspective of climate change, based on vulnerability theory, but also to study the construction of adaptive water legal system guided by adaptive capacity building. From the point of view of water governance reform, based on the theory of uncertainty and complexity, this paper probes into the challenges and legislative demands of water adaptive management, water risk management, water comprehensive management to water law, and whether the water law can effectively respond to and adapt to water law. The full text is divided into four chapters: the first chapter is the proof of adaptive legislation. By exploring the development trajectory of "adaptation" from the basic strategy to the international legal system, it is demonstrated that "adaptation" has become a formal legal issue and adaptive legislation has become a clear connotation. A framework of independent legal departments. Having outlined at the international law level the adaptation provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change, adaptation actions outside the Convention and the post-Convention adaptation regime process, and defining the concept of adaptive legislation at the domestic legal level, This paper analyzes the framework system of adaptive legislation to deal with climate change and determines the important position of adaptive water legal system in it. The second chapter is the definition of adaptive water law. Based on IPCC technical report "Climate change and Water", the impacts of climate change on water, the challenges to water management and the basic strategies of water management to deal with climate change are introduced. This paper summarizes the thinking of water law caused by climate change in the field of law, including three modes of emergency treatment, centralization and systematization construction. By analyzing the historical evolution of climate change adaptation theory and the general strategy to deal with uncertainty, the core of climate change adaptation theory is defined as vulnerability. Based on vulnerability, the aim of building adaptive water law system should be based on water management. The third chapter expounds the adaptation change of the water treatment road in the field of climate change. Through the theoretical comments on water adaptive management, water risk management, water integrated management, and environmental pragmatism of adaptive management, This paper clarifies the thinking of solving the problems of uncertainty and complexity in different management concepts and its adaptability challenge to the water law. The research angle of view is from the single natural science to the social science. In chapter 4, the adaptability of water law is further discussed. On the basis of expounding the general theory of legal adaptability, this paper discusses the particularity of the adaptability of water law, and extends the understanding of the adaptability of law. It is demonstrated that adaptation of water law not only includes adaptation to the change of water governance, but also adaptation to climate change. Taking China as an example, the adaptation of water law is analyzed by case study and empirical analysis. Finally, the limits of water law adaptability are illustrated by the complex adaptive system theory and the open complex giant system theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D996.9

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