本文選題：GATT第二十條 + WTO爭端解決機構�。� 參考：《華東政法大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國為了貫徹資源保護和可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，對稀土資源出口進行限制性管理。2012年3月13日，美國、日本和歐盟分別向WTO提交了針對中國稀土出口管制問題的磋商請求。磋商未果后，美國于2012年6月27日請求成立專家組審理此案。此次訴訟引發(fā)的法律問題對WTO法律體系具有重大意義，其反映出自由貿易與環(huán)境保護長久以來的緊張關系。 WTO協(xié)調自由貿易與環(huán)境保護的一個重要方面是《1994年關稅與貿易總協(xié)定》第二十條的環(huán)境保護例外條款，其適用主要包括三方面：第二十條引言、第二十條（b）款以及第二十條（g）款。本文主要通過解讀WTO相關案例，對WTO爭端解決機構下環(huán)境保護例外條款的法律適用問題進行研究，，從而了解WTO多邊貿易體制是如何通過該條款協(xié)調自由貿易與環(huán)境保護之間的沖突。同時，本文通過分析解讀最近一起涉及中國的貿易與環(huán)境案例—美歐墨訴中國原材料案，進而總結出該條款的法律適用對中國的影響。最后，本文對最新作出裁決的中國稀土案件進行解讀并預測該案未來的走勢，以及對中國在未來應當如何應對此類訴訟提出了一些建議。
[Abstract]:In order to implement the strategy of resource protection and sustainable development, China carries out restrictive management of rare earth resource exports. On March 13, 2012, the United States, Japan and the European Union submitted to the WTO a request for consultation on the issue of China's rare earth export control. After consultations failed, the United States requested the establishment of a panel of experts on 27 June 2012 to hear the case. The legal issues raised by the lawsuit are significant to the WTO legal system, reflecting long-standing tensions between free trade and environmental protection. An important aspect of WTO coordination between free trade and environmental protection is the environmental protection exception clause in Article XX of the General Agreement on tariffs and Trade of 1994. Its application mainly includes three aspects: introduction to Article XX, Articles 20 (b) and 20 (g). This article mainly through the interpretation WTO related case, carries on the research to the WTO dispute settlement body under the environment protection exception clause legal application question, To understand how the WTO multilateral trading system to coordinate the conflict between free trade and environmental protection through this clause. At the same time, this paper analyzes and interprets a recent trade and environment case involving China, the case of American and European Mexico v. China's raw materials, and concludes the impact of the legal application of this clause on China. Finally, this paper interprets the latest Chinese rare earth case and predicts the future trend of the case, and puts forward some suggestions on how China should deal with this kind of lawsuit in the future.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D996.1

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本文編號：1979108