發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-22 20:03

  本文選題：聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約 + 冰封區(qū)域條款��； 參考：《國(guó)際問(wèn)題研究》2016年06期

【摘要】：《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》第234條賦予冰封區(qū)域沿海國(guó)特殊的環(huán)境管轄權(quán),加拿大和俄羅斯依據(jù)這一條款在其北極海域內(nèi)全面推行航行管制。然而這一單邊管轄權(quán)的行使需要滿足多項(xiàng)限制條件,兩國(guó)部分管控措施超出了冰封區(qū)域條款的合理使用,突破了海洋法對(duì)航行權(quán)的保障。在國(guó)際法體系內(nèi),北極沿海國(guó)航行管控的特殊權(quán)力有其外部邊界,受到多邊海事規(guī)則的制約,特別是"極地規(guī)則"的出臺(tái)將限制冰封區(qū)域條款的適用空間,削弱沿海國(guó)單邊管轄權(quán)的合法性基礎(chǔ)。北極沿海國(guó)實(shí)施單邊管控面臨法律和政治上的雙重困難,通過(guò)國(guó)際平臺(tái)開(kāi)展北極航運(yùn)合作,尋求在國(guó)際規(guī)則中維護(hù)其利益訴求,更加符合北極沿海國(guó)家的實(shí)際利益。
[Abstract]:Article 234 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea gives special environmental jurisdiction to the coastal States of the frozen region, according to which Canada and Russia fully implement navigation control in their Arctic waters. However, the exercise of this unilateral jurisdiction needs to meet a number of restrictions. Some of the control measures of the two countries exceed the reasonable use of the ice-bound regional clause and break through the guarantee of navigation rights by the law of the sea. Within the system of international law, the special powers of the Arctic Coastal Air Bank have their external boundaries and are subject to multilateral maritime rules, especially the introduction of the Polar rules, which will limit the space for the application of the ice-bound regional provisions. Weakening the legal basis of the unilateral jurisdiction of coastal States. Arctic coastal states face double difficulties in law and politics to implement unilateral control and control. It is more in line with the actual interests of Arctic coastal countries to carry out Arctic shipping cooperation through international platforms and seek to safeguard their interests in international rules.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)海洋大學(xué)法政學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社科基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目“國(guó)際法視角下的中國(guó)北極航線戰(zhàn)略研究”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):13AZD084) 教育部哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)發(fā)展報(bào)告培育項(xiàng)目“北極地區(qū)發(fā)展報(bào)告”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):13JBGP019) 中國(guó)極地科學(xué)戰(zhàn)略研究基金青年項(xiàng)目“北極航運(yùn)法律規(guī)制新發(fā)展及我國(guó)應(yīng)對(duì)研究”的階段性研究成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D993.5

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