本文選題：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪 + 構(gòu)成要件��； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪長(zhǎng)期以來被認(rèn)為是最嚴(yán)重的國(guó)際罪行之一,其危害的是不特定的多數(shù)人、國(guó)家或者民族的安全,戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪甚至?xí)：Φ秸麄�(gè)國(guó)際社會(huì)的和平安定以及人類的發(fā)展。在當(dāng)今的區(qū)域沖突中,違反戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)法則和習(xí)慣從而犯有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪行的案件和事例也不少見。對(duì)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)犯罪,世界各國(guó)都是不能容忍的,且一直強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)和反對(duì),國(guó)際法律文件也明確規(guī)定要打擊和制裁這種罪行。 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪是指嚴(yán)重破壞1949年《日內(nèi)瓦公約》和嚴(yán)重破壞四項(xiàng)《日內(nèi)瓦公約》的共同第3條行為,并在國(guó)際法的既定范圍內(nèi)適用國(guó)際性武裝沖突、非國(guó)際性武裝沖突中的法規(guī)與慣例的其他行為。其條文化和法典化始于1949年8月12日簽訂的“日內(nèi)瓦公約”。它是國(guó)際刑事法院管轄的四種核心罪行之一。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪由主體要件、行為要件、心理要件三個(gè)要件構(gòu)成。國(guó)家作為國(guó)際法中的“責(zé)任主體”和國(guó)際社會(huì)的“法人”實(shí)體,擁有自己的自由意志和行為,具有犯罪的意圖和承擔(dān)刑事責(zé)任的能力,可以構(gòu)成戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪的主體,國(guó)際法的性質(zhì)和國(guó)家主權(quán)平等并非國(guó)家承擔(dān)刑事責(zé)任的障礙。《國(guó)際刑事法院羅馬規(guī)約》及其附件《犯罪要件》,都對(duì)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪的行為要件和心理要件進(jìn)行了具體規(guī)定。 本文通過對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪構(gòu)成的研究和探討,以促進(jìn)國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪犯的懲治、預(yù)防和禁止,從而維護(hù)國(guó)際社會(huì)的公共秩序和全人類的根本利益。各國(guó)刑法對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪的規(guī)定較少,戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪構(gòu)成的理論研究還很薄弱,雖然現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有學(xué)者在關(guān)注戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪,但是還沒有關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪構(gòu)成這方面的專著問世,法學(xué)界還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)罪構(gòu)成的研究。
[Abstract]:War crimes have long been regarded as one of the most serious international crimes, which endanger the security of many people, countries or nations. War crimes even endanger the peace and stability of the international community as a whole and the development of mankind. In today's regional conflicts, war crimes are committed in violation of the laws and customs of war. War crimes are intolerable and strongly condemned and opposed by all countries in the world, and international legal documents clearly stipulate that these crimes should be dealt with and punished. War crimes mean common article 3 of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and the four Geneva Conventions, and the application of international armed conflicts within the established scope of international law, Other acts of law and practice in non-international armed conflicts Its culture and codification began with the Geneva Conventions, signed on 12 August 1949. It is one of the four core crimes within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. War crime consists of three elements: subject, behavior and psychology. As the "subject of responsibility" in international law and the "legal person" entity of the international community, a State has its own free will and conduct, has the intention to commit a crime and has the capacity to assume criminal responsibility, and can constitute a subject of war crimes. The nature of international law and the sovereign equality of States are not obstacles to the criminal responsibility of the state. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and its annex, elements of crimes, all contain specific provisions on the elements of conduct and psychology of war crimes. Through the research and discussion on the constitution of war crimes, this paper aims to promote the punishment, prevention and prohibition of war criminals in the international community, so as to safeguard the public order of the international community and the fundamental interests of all mankind. There are few provisions on war crimes in the criminal laws of various countries, and the theoretical research on the composition of war crimes is still very weak. Although some scholars are already paying attention to war crimes, there is no monograph on war crimes constitution. Legal circles should also strengthen the study of the constitution of war crimes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D997.9

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