發(fā)布時間：2018-05-06 05:25

  本文選題：違法所得沒收 + 適用范圍��； 參考：《遼寧大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《北京反腐敗宣言》明確將違法所得沒收程序作為法定的追贓方式,違法所得沒收程序逐漸凸顯出在域外追贓中的程序性價值。本文主要從違法所沒收程序設(shè)立的背景、價值及性質(zhì),我國違法所得沒收程序在域外追贓中的問題,相關(guān)國家法律制度的對比和借鑒,相關(guān)問題的完善等方面對域外追贓背景下違法所得沒收程序問題進行全面分析、研究。運用對比研究的方式對實踐中出現(xiàn)的問題進行深入分析,找出解決問題的完善建議。本文首先通過對比傳統(tǒng)的追贓方式,引入違法所得沒收程序。對違法所得沒收程序的介紹包括:該程序的設(shè)立背景及作用、該程序的性質(zhì)定位之爭、筆者關(guān)于該程序性質(zhì)的認識。其次本文借助違法所得沒收程序的國內(nèi)運行和域外執(zhí)行兩個大的方面概括出其在域外追贓背景下的困境:關(guān)于適用問題,其存在適用條件苛刻、啟動主體裁量權(quán)過大、管轄法院不足的問題;關(guān)于配套制度問題,其存在客觀行為的判斷過于片面、明知的認定標準不符合司法實踐、政府間協(xié)助過于空洞化的問題;關(guān)于權(quán)利保障問題,其存在被指控人代理權(quán)限制過多、庭審方式不合理的問題;關(guān)于域外執(zhí)行,其存在缺乏相互承認與執(zhí)行制度,缺乏涉案資產(chǎn)分享機制的問題。再次通過對不同國家關(guān)于違法所得沒收程序的設(shè)立及域外執(zhí)行制度的對比研究,比較與評析了各種立法模式的特點以及它們對我國的借鑒意義。最后針對上述問題,提出相關(guān)改進建議。建議優(yōu)化程序適用,明確適用條件、限制啟動主體的裁量權(quán)以及明確法院的管轄;完善相關(guān)配套制度,增加判斷標準、細化明知的認定標準以及統(tǒng)籌理論和實踐層面的協(xié)助;健全權(quán)利保障途徑,強化被指控人的代理權(quán)以及強化開庭審理;違法所得沒收程序序域外執(zhí)行體系構(gòu)建,建議承認與執(zhí)行外國沒收裁決的立法設(shè)計;費用補償制度的設(shè)立。
[Abstract]:The Beijing Anti-Corruption Declaration explicitly regards the procedure of confiscation of illegal proceeds as a statutory way of recovering stolen goods, and the procedure of confiscation of illegal gains gradually highlights the procedural value of recovering stolen goods outside the country. This article mainly from the illegal confiscation procedure set up the background, the value and the nature, our country illegal income forfeiture procedure in the overseas recovery stolen goods question, the correlation national legal system contrast and the use for reference, The improvement of the related issues on the background of illegal proceeds confiscation under the background of comprehensive analysis, research. This paper analyzes the problems in practice by means of comparative study, and finds out the perfect suggestions to solve the problems. Firstly, this paper introduces the procedure of confiscation of illegal gains by comparing the traditional methods of collecting stolen goods. The introduction to the procedure of confiscation of illegal income includes: the background and function of the procedure, the dispute about the nature of the procedure, and the author's understanding of the nature of the procedure. Secondly, with the help of the domestic operation and the extra-territorial implementation of the illegal income confiscation procedure, this paper summarizes its predicament under the background of the extraterritorial pursuit of stolen goods: on the issue of application, its application conditions are harsh, and the discretion to start the subject is too large. The problem of insufficient jurisdiction of the court; on the issue of the matching system, the judgment of the existence of objective acts is too one-sided, the criterion of knowing that the determination standard is not in line with judicial practice, the question of the emptiness of intergovernmental assistance; and the question of the protection of rights, There are too many restrictions on the power of attorney of accused persons and unreasonable trial methods, and there is a lack of mutual recognition and enforcement system, and a lack of asset sharing mechanism involved in the case. Thirdly, through the comparative study on the establishment of illegal income confiscation procedure and the system of extra-territorial implementation in different countries, this paper compares and evaluates the characteristics of various legislative models and their reference significance to our country. Finally, to solve the above problems, some suggestions for improvement are put forward. It is suggested that the procedure should be optimized, the applicable conditions should be clarified, the discretion of the starters should be limited and the jurisdiction of the court should be defined, the relevant supporting system should be perfected, the judgment standard should be added, the standard of cognizance of knowledge should be refined, and the assistance of theory and practice should be integrated. Perfect the right safeguard way, strengthen the accused person's agency right and strengthen the court hearing; construct the illegal income confiscation procedure order extraterritorial execution system, propose the legislative design of recognizing and executing the foreign confiscation award; establish the expense compensation system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D997.9

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本文編號：1850989