本文關(guān)鍵詞： 多哈談判 自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定 世界貿(mào)易組織 法律思考　出處：《南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自2001年以來(lái)，多哈回合已過(guò)十年，先后經(jīng)歷了多次談判，但收獲甚微，甚至有止步不前的趨勢(shì)，這也意味著多邊貿(mào)易體制正遭受著巨大的沖擊。而與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的自由貿(mào)易體制卻呈現(xiàn)出良好的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)，許多國(guó)家都已著手參加或締結(jié)自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定。正由于自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定達(dá)成更為便利與效益，使自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定得到青睞，從而導(dǎo)致許多成員對(duì)多哈談判由開(kāi)始的積極響應(yīng)到現(xiàn)今的消極對(duì)待。相反，多哈談判的屢次失敗，發(fā)達(dá)成員與發(fā)展中成員間一直無(wú)法達(dá)成一致，也使許多成員對(duì)多邊貿(mào)易體制失去了信心，轉(zhuǎn)而將中心投向了自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判與簽訂，促進(jìn)了自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的迅速發(fā)展。這就表明，這其中就表現(xiàn)多哈談判的屢屢失敗與自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的興起是緊密聯(lián)系的，兩者間也存在著矛盾與沖突。 本文首先分析多哈回合談判的發(fā)展歷程與現(xiàn)狀，并就農(nóng)產(chǎn)品與非農(nóng)產(chǎn)品等主要分歧予以闡釋?zhuān)谵r(nóng)產(chǎn)品方面，分析了談判各方在市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入、國(guó)內(nèi)支持、貿(mào)易特殊保障機(jī)制等方面的立場(chǎng)與產(chǎn)生的矛盾。同時(shí)對(duì)中國(guó)在多哈談判中的作用與地位進(jìn)行敘述，表明了目前中國(guó)對(duì)于多哈回合談判的態(tài)度；并從政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)與法律方面分析了多哈回合談判的受阻原因。其次，本文介紹了自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與世界新格局下所展現(xiàn)出的新特征，分別對(duì)歐洲聯(lián)盟（EU）、北美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)（NAFTA）、東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)（AFTA）這三個(gè)具有較大影響力的自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定加以闡述；并分析了WTO法律規(guī)則在其條文與機(jī)制中對(duì)自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的規(guī)制。再次，文章具體分析了多哈回合談判與自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的關(guān)系，說(shuō)明了自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定對(duì)多哈回合談判的負(fù)面影響，以及多哈回合談判對(duì)自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的促進(jìn)作用；并分別從多哈談判與自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定兩個(gè)角度闡述了兩者對(duì)與WTO法律體系的積極與消極影響。 在以上內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，本文從WTO角度提出了對(duì)多哈談判與自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)途徑，從WTO的立法、程序、司法三個(gè)方面著手進(jìn)行改革，明確對(duì)自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的規(guī)定，完善多哈談判決策機(jī)制，鞏固WTO的司法體系，，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)多遍貿(mào)易體制的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。最后，結(jié)合中國(guó)國(guó)情與國(guó)際地位，分別就多哈談判與自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策。一方面，我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)慎重對(duì)待多哈談判，在談判中明確立場(chǎng)，廣結(jié)盟友，完善自身法律，建立國(guó)內(nèi)協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)構(gòu)。另一方面，對(duì)于自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定，我國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)完善國(guó)內(nèi)立法，建立審查機(jī)構(gòu)，并可以在嚴(yán)格遵守WTO規(guī)則的基礎(chǔ)上借鑒其它的自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定的規(guī)則。
[Abstract]:Since 2001, ten years have passed since the Doha Round, and have experienced many negotiations, but little has been achieved, or even a trend of stagnation. This also means that the multilateral trading system is suffering a great impact, while the corresponding free trade system is showing a good trend of development. Many countries have begun to accede to or conclude free trade agreements. Free trade agreements are favoured as a result of their greater convenience and effectiveness, This has led many members to take a negative view of the Doha negotiations from the initial positive response to the present one. On the contrary, the Doha negotiations have repeatedly failed and there has been a lack of agreement between developed and developing members, It has also caused many members to lose confidence in the multilateral trading system, turning instead to the negotiation and signing of free trade agreements, which has contributed to the rapid development of free trade agreements. It shows that the repeated failure of Doha negotiation is closely related to the rise of free trade agreement, and there are contradictions and conflicts between them. This paper first analyzes the development course and current situation of the Doha Round negotiations, and explains the main differences between agricultural products and non-agricultural products. In agricultural products, it analyzes the parties' market access and domestic support. At the same time, the description of China's role and position in the Doha negotiations shows China's current attitude towards the Doha Round negotiations; and from the political perspective, The economic and legal aspects of the Doha Round of negotiations are analyzed. Secondly, this paper introduces the development of free trade agreements and the new characteristics of the new world situation. Three influential free trade agreements, namely, the European Union, the North American Free Trade area (NAFTAA) and the ASEAN Free Trade area (AFTA), are elaborated, respectively, and the regulation of free trade agreements by the WTO legal rules in its provisions and mechanisms is analyzed. This paper analyzes the relationship between the Doha Round negotiation and the Free Trade Agreement, explains the negative effect of the Free Trade Agreement on the Doha Round negotiation, and the promoting effect of the Doha Round negotiation on the Free Trade Agreement. The positive and negative effects of Doha negotiation and free trade agreement on the legal system of WTO are discussed respectively. On the basis of the above contents, this paper puts forward the way to coordinate the development of Doha negotiation and free trade agreement from the angle of WTO, carries on the reform from three aspects of WTO's legislation, procedure and judicature, and clarifies the stipulation of free trade agreement. Improve the decision-making mechanism of the Doha negotiations, consolidate the judicial system of the WTO, and finally realize the long-term development of the multi-fold trading system. Finally, in the light of China's national conditions and international status, On the one hand, China should treat the Doha negotiations with caution, clarify its position in the negotiations, form a wide range of allies, perfect its own laws, and establish a domestic coordinating body. For the free trade agreement, our country should perfect the domestic legislation, set up the examination organization, and can draw lessons from the rules of other free trade agreements on the basis of strictly abiding by the rules of WTO.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D996

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