本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生產(chǎn)過(guò)程與生產(chǎn)方法 環(huán)境措施 可規(guī)制性　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今時(shí)代熱議的主題是環(huán)境保護(hù)與自由貿(mào)易的關(guān)系問(wèn)題，而基于與產(chǎn)品特性無(wú)關(guān)的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程與生產(chǎn)方法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所采取的、影響國(guó)際自由貿(mào)易的各種環(huán)境措施（即NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施）應(yīng)否被納入WTO進(jìn)行合理規(guī)制，正是WTO貿(mào)易與環(huán)境議題中激烈爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)之一。雖然，某些國(guó)家采取NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施的真實(shí)意圖或許是為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，但是由于它不關(guān)乎產(chǎn)品的最終特性（即產(chǎn)品本身并不會(huì)造成環(huán)境污染），而要求產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程與生產(chǎn)方法要滿足較高的環(huán)境保護(hù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，，所以，在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中常常被具有技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)的國(guó)家利用，以其較高的環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)限制國(guó)際貿(mào)易的自由化，從而具有被異化為一種新的綠色貿(mào)易壁壘的可能性。就目前的形勢(shì)來(lái)看，NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易自由化存在深刻影響，NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施在不同層面具有不同的立法規(guī)定及實(shí)踐，另外，與PR-PPMs不同的是，NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施尚無(wú)WTO的確認(rèn)與規(guī)制，其可規(guī)制性問(wèn)題尚待研究。因此，研究NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施對(duì)我國(guó)相關(guān)貿(mào)易政策的研究與制定具有極為重大的法律意義。本文將從以下四個(gè)部分加以闡述： 第一部分是NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施與國(guó)際貿(mào)易概述，目的在于明確研究對(duì)象，解決NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施獨(dú)立研究的價(jià)值問(wèn)題。 第二部分是NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施的相關(guān)立法及案例剖析。一方面不同經(jīng)濟(jì)體之間就此問(wèn)題存在單邊立法差異；另一方面相關(guān)國(guó)際條約之間在此問(wèn)題上也存在立法上的矛盾與差異。該部分是為了提出目前NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施還沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)制，為后文的研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分是NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中的可規(guī)制性，回答為什么NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施必須且可以納入WTO中進(jìn)行規(guī)制。 第四部分是NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施對(duì)中國(guó)的影響及中國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。對(duì)NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施問(wèn)題的研究，最終還是為了能為我國(guó)所用，既保護(hù)中國(guó)在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中不被NPR-PPMs環(huán)境措施消極影響，又能促進(jìn)中國(guó)的對(duì)外貿(mào)易。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the hot topic is the relationship between environmental protection and free trade, which is based on the standard of production process and production method which is independent of product characteristics. Whether various environmental measures (i.e. NPR-PPMs environmental measures) that affect international free trade should be included in the WTO for reasonable regulation. Although the real intention of some countries to take NPR-PPMs environmental measures may be to protect the environment. However, it is not related to the final characteristics of the product (that is, the product itself will not cause environmental pollution, but the production process and production methods to meet the higher standards of environmental protection, so. Countries with technological advantages are often used in international trade to limit the liberalization of international trade with their high environmental standards. Therefore, it is possible to be alienated into a new green trade barrier. From the current situation, NPR-PPMs environmental measures have a profound impact on the liberalization of international trade. NPR-PPMs environmental measures have different legislative provisions and practices at different levels. In addition, unlike PR-PPMs, there is no confirmation and regulation of WTO environmental measures. The problem of its regulability remains to be studied. The study of NPR-PPMs environmental measures is of great legal significance to the research and formulation of China's related trade policies. The first part is an overview of NPR-PPMs environmental measures and international trade, the purpose of which is to clarify the object of study and to solve the value of independent research on NPR-PPMs environmental measures. The second part is related legislation and case analysis of NPR-PPMs environmental measures. On the one hand, there are unilateral legislative differences among different economies on this issue; On the other hand, there are also contradictions and differences in legislation between the relevant international treaties. This part is to propose that there is no unified regulation of NPR-PPMs environmental measures at present. To lay the foundation for the later study. The third part is about the regulability of NPR-PPMs environmental measures in international trade, which answers why NPR-PPMs environmental measures must and can be regulated in WTO. The 4th part is the impact of NPR-PPMs environmental measures on China and China's coping strategy. The study of NPR-PPMs environmental measures is in order to be used in China. It can not only protect China from the negative influence of NPR-PPMs environmental measures in international trade, but also promote China's foreign trade.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D996.1

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