本文關(guān)鍵詞： 公共利益 反傾銷立法 利害關(guān)系方　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著國際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的深度發(fā)展,反傾銷貿(mào)易形勢也是愈演愈烈,無論是作為反傾銷的主動方還是被動方,我國都備受矚目。反傾銷措施的本意是維護(hù)公平貿(mào)易,但它似乎與貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義天然相關(guān),二者就好比數(shù)軸的正負(fù)兩端,過了界就會相互轉(zhuǎn)化,正好就需要一個零點作為平衡點來調(diào)節(jié)二者的矛盾,而公共利益原則可以恰如其分的扮演好這個角色,因此原本社會學(xué)中的公共利益原則就被引入到了法學(xué)中,在國際貿(mào)易的反傾銷制度中廣為應(yīng)用。公共利益的概念雖然至今仍沒有明確的定義,但關(guān)鍵是把握公共利益原則與相關(guān)要素的關(guān)系,厘清這些關(guān)系有助于理解公共利益條款中利害關(guān)系方的關(guān)系。公共利益的理解可以從多個角度,筆者從理論角度與實踐角度進(jìn)行了分析,理論角度主要是進(jìn)行了法理學(xué)分析,重在論證反傾銷立法中引入公共利益原則的意義。公共利益原則的實踐意義更是重要,它是國際貿(mào)易競爭的均衡器,能夠很好地彌補反傾銷措施的局限性,典型案例就是雙酚A案與中歐光伏產(chǎn)品案例,通過這個案例能夠很好的感受到現(xiàn)代貿(mào)易合作的本質(zhì)就是以公共利益為視角,互利共贏,而不是囚徒困境,你死我活。最早將公共利益原則引入立法并付諸實踐的是加拿大。雖然加拿大并未對"公共利益"作出明確的界定,但法律條文對參與公共利益調(diào)查的各利害關(guān)系方以及裁判庭在調(diào)查中應(yīng)考慮的因素作出了明文規(guī)定,這是值得借鑒的地方。加拿大的"嬰兒產(chǎn)品案"就是運用公共利益的典型。其次比較有特色的是歐盟的反傾銷立法,歐盟更加注重對利害關(guān)系人程序性權(quán)利的保護(hù),而且還嚴(yán)格規(guī)定了相關(guān)主管機(jī)構(gòu)保護(hù)利害關(guān)系人的義務(wù)。歐盟的"硅鐵反傾銷案"也是很典型的。WTO《反傾銷協(xié)訂》中的相關(guān)條款也是有得有失。我國作為WTO的重要成員方,2004年也修改了反傾銷立法,正式引入了公共利益制度。隨著我國作為貿(mào)易大國的崛起,現(xiàn)行立法中的該制度已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實的需要,相關(guān)程序立法與實體立法方面都存在著諸多缺陷。為完善反傾銷立法,應(yīng)該從實體和程序立法兩方面入手,尤其要注重相關(guān)利害關(guān)系方的各種權(quán)利,適當(dāng)擴(kuò)大利害關(guān)系方的范圍,健全相關(guān)利益平衡機(jī)制,確保立法的銜接與配套。我國反傾銷公共利益制度的實踐也是喜憂參半,既有像雙酚A案這樣的成功案例,也有像光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)案這樣不如意的案例。為完善反傾銷公共利益制度的實踐,我們應(yīng)當(dāng)在反傾銷案中善于考量利益,加強與其他利害關(guān)系主體的聯(lián)系與合作,積極參加國際談判,最重要的是提高企業(yè)自身的競爭力。這才是應(yīng)對國際反傾銷,維護(hù)我國公共利益最有力的武器。當(dāng)然,我們也應(yīng)借鑒加拿大、歐盟相關(guān)立法與實踐經(jīng)驗,結(jié)合實際,變?yōu)榧河谩Ｔ诰S護(hù)我國貿(mào)易利益的情況下,更好地推動國際貿(mào)易的健康發(fā)展。本文結(jié)合了多種分析方法,有法理學(xué)分析、案例實證分析分析,使得文章有理論有實踐,不再那么枯燥。鑒于筆者的學(xué)識能力有限,沒能得出一些創(chuàng)新性的見解,但依然希望能為我國的反傾銷立法提供一些獨到的見解。
[Abstract]:With the depth of the development of international economy and trade, anti-dumping trade situation is intensified, either as active or passive anti-dumping, China's anti-dumping measures have attracted much attention. The intention is to maintain fair trade, but it seems to be natural and trade protectionism, the two is the axis of the positive and negative ends, too community will be transformed into each other, just need a contradiction between zero as the balancing point to adjust the two, and the principle of public interests can play this role to a proper extent, so that the sociology of public interest principle was introduced to the law in international trade, anti-dumping system widely used in public. Although interest is still not clearly defined, but the key is to grasp the relationship between public interest principle and the related factors, to clarify these relations can help to understand the public interest in terms of the relationship of interest The relationship between the public interest. Can be understood from many angles, the author analyzes from the angle of theory and practice, theory is mainly the analysis of jurisprudence, focuses on the demonstration of anti-dumping legislation in the introduction of the principle of public interest. The public interest principle in practical significance is more important, it is the equalizer of international trade competition that is able to make up the limitations of the anti-dumping measures, the typical case is bisphenol A case and EU photovoltaic products through the case, this case can be very good to feel the essence of modern trade cooperation is mutually beneficial to the public interest perspective, instead of the prisoner's dilemma. The first fight at outrance public interest principle the introduction of the legislation and practice of Canada is Canada. Although not on the "public interest" clearly defined, but the legal provisions of the public interest involved in the investigation and the relationship And the factors that should be considered in the investigation of the tribunal made expressly, this is a worthwhile place. Typical Canada "baby products case" is the use of public interests. Secondly the more distinctive is the EU anti-dumping laws, the European Union pays more attention to the protection of procedural rights of the interested parties, but also strict rules the relevant authorities to protect the interested party's obligations. The EU's "ferrosilicon anti-dumping case" is representative of the.WTO< anti dumping agreement terms > is mixed. In China as an important member of WTO, 2004 Revision of the anti-dumping legislation, formally introduced the public interest system with China's rise. As a trading power, in the current legislation of the system cannot adapt to the needs of the reality, relevant legislation and legislation there are many defects. In order to improve the anti dumping legislation, We should start from the two aspects of substantive and procedural legislation, with particular emphasis on the rights of the relevant stakeholders, and expand the scope of the interested parties, improve the relevant interests balance mechanism to ensure convergence and supporting legislation. The practice of China's anti-dumping public interest system is mixed, both success stories such as bisphenol A case also, there are unsatisfactory cases such as photovoltaic industry case. In order to improve the practice of anti-dumping public interest system, we should be good at the interests in anti-dumping cases, and strengthen the contact with other interested subjects, actively participate in international negotiations, the most important is to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. This is to deal with the international anti-dumping, safeguard the public interests of China's most powerful weapons. Of course, we should also learn from Canada, the European Union legislation and practice experience, combined with the actual change in the maintenance of me for their own use. China's trade interests, to better promote the healthy development of international trade. This paper combined various analysis methods, a jurisprudential analysis, case analysis, makes the article have theory and practice, is no longer so boring. In view of the author's limited knowledge and ability, can't get some innovative ideas, but still hope to to provide some insights into China's anti-dumping legislation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D996.1

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