本文關鍵詞：碳關稅對我國出口貿易的影響及應對策略研究　出處：《湖南工業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 碳關稅 出口貿易 環(huán)境保護 綠色壁壘

【摘要】：近年來,極端高溫現象頻出并伴有各種災害,冰雪融化、海平面抬升等氣候問題日益威脅著人類的生存與發(fā)展�？茖W界一致認為人類活動產生的溫室氣體排放促成了氣候的變化,氣候問題尤其是溫室氣體的排放問題逐漸成為全球關注的焦點,而溫室氣體排放問題中又尤以二氧化碳的排放備受關注。部分發(fā)達國家因擔心碳泄漏以及本國產業(yè)的競爭力因此受到損害,以發(fā)展中國家未承擔碳減排責任而導致發(fā)達國家產品競爭力下降等為由推出碳關稅。碳關稅一經推出,即在全球范圍內受到廣泛熱議。大部分學者對碳關稅持反對意見,認為碳關稅在法律層面上違反了WTO相關規(guī)則,是不合法的;在控制碳排放量等方面也未起到顯著作用,是發(fā)達國家為保護本國貿易提出的綠色貿易壁壘。對碳關稅持支持態(tài)度的學者則認為碳關稅有助于促使各國積極開展碳減排活動,有效抑制溫室氣體的排放,從而對環(huán)境惡化起到一定的減緩作用。本文將碳關稅與WTO基本原則、《關貿總協(xié)定》(GATT)第1條、第3條及第20條序言、(b)款以及(g)款進行分析,總結出碳關稅不一定違反WTO相關原則,相反,其在某些條件下還將符合WTO相關規(guī)則。碳關稅或可援用GATT第20條之環(huán)境一般例外條款來論證其合法性。同時,本文還對我國的出口貿易現狀以及能源的消費情況等方面展開分析,從而得出碳關稅可能對中國出口貿易造成惡化出口環(huán)境、增加工業(yè)制造業(yè)產品出口的成本、引起出口額不同程度下降、促進產業(yè)結構優(yōu)化升級、促進低碳經濟的發(fā)展等方面的影響。并針對這些影響,從國際以及國內兩個層面上提出我國應對碳關稅措施所能采取的對策,以期對我國從容應對碳關稅有所裨益。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the phenomenon of extreme high temperature and accompanied by frequent disasters, ice melt, sea level and climate is threatening the human survival and development. The scientific consensus that human produced greenhouse gas emissions contributed to climate change, climate issues especially the issue of greenhouse gas emissions has become the focus of global concern, and the problem of greenhouse gas emissions, especially carbon dioxide emissions have attracted much attention. In some developed countries for fear of carbon leakage and undermining the competitiveness of domestic industries in developing countries, did not undertake the carbon emission reduction responsibility and the developed countries led to the decline in the competitiveness of products by introduction of carbon tariffs. Carbon tariffs once launched, in the world widely hot debate. Most scholars disagree on the carbon tariff, that carbon tariffs violated WTO rules in the legal level, is not legitimate In the control of carbon emissions; and did not play a significant role in developed countries to protect domestic trade of green trade barriers to support carbon tariffs. Scholars believe that carbon tariff will help promote countries actively carry out carbon emission reduction activities, effectively restrain the emission of greenhouse gas and thus to a certain slow down the deterioration of the environment. The carbon tariff and the basic principle of WTO, < GATT > (GATT) first, third and 20 of the preamble, paragraph (b) and (g) models were analyzed, summed up the carbon tariff is not necessarily a violation of WTO related principles, on the contrary, in some conditions the next will be in line with the rules of WTO. Carbon tariffs or using GATT twentieth environment exception clauses to demonstrate its legality. At the same time, the paper also on China's export trade situation and energy consumption and other aspects of analysis, in order to obtain carbon tariffs on May China's export trade caused by the deterioration of the export environment, increase industrial manufacturing exports cost caused by exports decreased to some extent, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, promote the development and influence of low carbon economy. And for these effects, put forward the countermeasures to take measures to deal with the carbon tariffs in China from the international and domestic two level, in order to benefit our country take time for carbon tariffs.

【學位授予單位】：湖南工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D996.1;F752

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本文編號：1381911