本文選題：測謊　切入點：SPECT　出處：《中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 前言 說謊是人們生活中一種常見的現(xiàn)象。人們通常誤導(dǎo)他人來獲得好處或保護(hù)他們自己或其他人。盡管存在多種不同類型的說謊,但我們只把它的定義限制為：另一個有目的性的誤導(dǎo)。另外,在一些醫(yī)療條件下,說謊具有一些顯著的特點,包括：反社會的人格障礙,裝病,認(rèn)知疾患,成癮性等。由于說謊的盛行,現(xiàn)在有許多法律,政治和工業(yè)背景,從他們精確的檢測中我們可以獲益。自古以來人們試圖準(zhǔn)確地檢測說謊。檢測心理生理功能的設(shè)備的不斷發(fā)展,使得在19世紀(jì)后期的審查者可以研究與說謊有關(guān)的外周生理變化。這就引領(lǐng)了更尖端的外周測量技術(shù)和數(shù)據(jù)分析的發(fā)展,包括測謊儀�，F(xiàn)代的測謊儀記錄的是皮膚的傳導(dǎo)率,血壓變化,呼吸和外周血管舒縮活動。還有其他的一些技術(shù)被應(yīng)用到測謊上,而且它們都是外部測量,我們需要直接測量腦活動的更好方法。 本研究通過對15名受試者進(jìn)行SPECT腦功能掃描,進(jìn)而研究其在說謊與說真話狀態(tài)下腦功能區(qū)改變的不同,旨在分析和評價其法醫(yī)學(xué)意義。 實驗方法 一、實驗步驟 (1)第一天,受試者平躺在掃描床上,建立靜脈通道,靜息5分鐘后注藥,同時進(jìn)行SPECT掃描。 (2)第二天,受試者平躺在掃描床上,建立靜脈通道,靜息5分鐘,向受試者展示一張認(rèn)識人的正面免冠頭面相,展示2秒,圖片消失時進(jìn)行回答(是否認(rèn)識此人)。展示圖片時注藥,同時進(jìn)行SPECT掃描。實驗完成后請受試者回答以下問題：看到的圖片是誰的照片(以確認(rèn)受試者是否配合實驗)? 二、圖像采集 注藥,同時進(jìn)行SPECT掃描(采集血流)與測謊儀記錄。30 min后行SPECT顯像。采集矩陣：128×128,能峰：140keV,窗寬：±20%。采集模式：ZOOM：1.45,探頭各旋轉(zhuǎn)180°,5.6／幀,每幀采集25s,共采集64幀影像,采集時間共約需30min。 結(jié)果 應(yīng)用t檢驗對三組數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較,得出說謊與誠實回答問題時,腦功能活動在右側(cè)額上回、右側(cè)額中回、右側(cè)額下回、右側(cè)背外側(cè)額葉皮質(zhì)、右側(cè)楔前葉及扣帶前回神經(jīng)活動的差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 結(jié)論 1、本實驗是通過檢測受試者對人物圖片的識別及作答過程中大腦的神經(jīng)反應(yīng)活動,來確定參與說謊的腦功能區(qū)。在說謊過程中,不是單一區(qū)域的神經(jīng)活動,而是多區(qū)域共同的神經(jīng)活動參與其中。當(dāng)受試者說謊狀態(tài)下,其涉及了額葉及頂葉多個腦功能區(qū),這些區(qū)域的神經(jīng)活動參與多個認(rèn)知過程,包括：對真實過程的抑制,記憶的儲存,視覺記憶及心象的認(rèn)定。 2、說謊狀態(tài)下,腦功能活動在右側(cè)額上回、右側(cè)額中回、右側(cè)額下回、右側(cè)背外側(cè)額葉皮質(zhì)、右側(cè)楔前葉及扣帶前回有顯著增強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:PrefaceLying is a common phenomenon in people's life.People often mislead others to gain benefits or protect themselves or others.Although there are many different types of lies, we limit it to another purposeful misdirection.In addition, under some medical conditions, lying has some significant characteristics, including: antisocial personality disorder, pretend disease, cognitive disorders, addiction and so on.Because of the prevalence of lying, there are many legal, political and industrial backgrounds that we can benefit from their precise testing.Since ancient times people have tried to detect lies accurately.The development of devices to detect psychophysiological functions has allowed reviewers in the late 19th century to study peripheral physiological changes associated with lying.This leads to more sophisticated peripheral measurement techniques and data analysis, including lie detectors.Modern polygraphs record skin conductivity, blood pressure changes, breathing and peripheral vasomotor activity.There are other techniques that have been applied to polygraph, and they are all external measurements, and we need better ways to measure brain activity directly.The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the forensic significance of 15 subjects by scanning the brain function of SPECT, and then to study the difference between lying and telling the truth.Experimental methodFirst, experimental stepsOn the first day, the subjects lay flat on the scanning bed, established an venous channel, and after 5 minutes of rest, injected the drug, and performed SPECT scans.The next day, the subjects lay flat on the scan bed, set up a venous passage, and rest for 5 minutes. The subjects were shown a headless face of the person they knew, displayed for 2 seconds, and then answered when the picture disappeared (do you know the person???At the same time, SPECT scan was performed.After the experiment was completed, the subjects were asked to answer the following questions: whose picture was seen (to confirm whether the subjects were cooperating with the experiment)?Second, image captureSPECT scanning (blood flow collection) and polygraph recording. 30 min later, SPECT imaging was performed.The acquisition matrix is 128 脳 128, the peak is 140 Kev, the window width is 鹵20.In the acquisition mode: 1: 1. 45, the probe rotates 180 擄and 5.6 / frame, and each frame is collected for 25 s, 64 images are collected, and the acquisition time is about 30 mins.ResultT test was used to compare the three groups of data. When lying and answering questions honestly, the brain function was found to be in the right superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right dorsolateral frontal cortex.There were significant differences in nerve activity in the right anterior cuneate lobe and anterior cingulate gyrus.Conclusion1. This experiment was to determine the functional areas of the brain involved in lying by detecting the neural response of the brain in the process of recognizing and answering the images of the subjects.In the process of lying, it is not a single area of nerve activity, but a multi-region common nerve activity involved in it.When the subjects lie, they involve several functional areas of the frontal and parietal lobes, which are involved in multiple cognitive processes, including inhibition of real processes, storage of memory, visual memory and recognition of mental images.2. In lying state, the activity of brain function was significantly enhanced in the right superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right dorsolateral frontal cortex, right precuneiform lobe and anterior cingulate gyrus.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D919.8

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本文編號：1725424