【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的不斷深入，國家之間的交往愈加密切，建立于經(jīng)濟基礎之上的各國法律文化的交流也越來越頻繁，這使得法律的發(fā)展趨向世界化、全球化。美國法學家伯爾曼對此種現(xiàn)狀進行了描述并且以自己的一套獨特理論向世人們展現(xiàn)出了一幅美好的世界圖景，由此而產(chǎn)生了伯爾曼世界共同法理論。 伯爾曼是當代西方著名的法學家，他的法學思想充滿了對現(xiàn)實的關懷和對未來的祈望，他的法學理論豐富深刻，別具一格。本文試圖沿著伯爾曼理論的一般邏輯簡單勾勒出他法學思想中的世界共同法理論。單從邏輯角度來看，伯爾曼的世界共同法理論最先是以一種西方社會“危機”背景為起點的，通過對這種危機的化解經(jīng)由對西方法律傳統(tǒng)的恢復、思想領域內(nèi)的革新、綜合法學的建立及辯證統(tǒng)一的法律與宗教制度體的形成最終使世界共同法得以誕生。伯爾曼所在時代的世界法有著一定的特征和現(xiàn)實基礎，也有其所面臨的諸多困境，伯爾曼運用其獨特的世界觀與方法論來解釋共同法發(fā)展的軌跡并試圖解決其面臨的困境。在談到具體構(gòu)造世界共同法時，伯爾曼又提出了一系列的方法和措施，力求從最根本上解決阻礙世界法產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展的諸多問題。這些舉措具體包括重塑一個能引導世界法發(fā)展的西方法律傳統(tǒng)，破除思想“二元論”主義，法學教育領域的改革以及建立一個一體化的綜合法學理論。在提出這些解救措施之后，伯爾曼最終強調(diào)的是將法律與宗教辯證的綜合起來，，并以這種辯證綜合的制度體為未來的世界共同法提供制度與信仰體系，從而使世界法健康發(fā)展并逐步完善。伯爾曼世界法理論是有其內(nèi)在依據(jù)的，然而，通過認真研讀伯爾曼有關世界共同法的諸多相關理論，也能夠找到值得反思的問題，諸如西方社會法律的危機是否真的是一種災難性的危機？這種危機的背后又是什么？以及綜合法學理論是否能真的建立起來，通過對伯爾曼理論的深刻反思，讀者會驚奇發(fā)現(xiàn)其世界法理論事實上是以宗教為原始起點和最終落腳點的。 本文便是按照以上邏輯來試圖分析有關伯爾曼世界法的相關理論，按照一般的行文邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)分成四個部分，第一個部分重點描述伯爾曼的世界共同法理論提出的背景，即是何種現(xiàn)實原因讓他提出世界共同法這一理論。第二部分著重概述世界共同法理論的基本問題，這其中包含世界法的生成基礎和伯爾曼獨特的方法論。第三個部分介紹了伯爾曼對構(gòu)建世界共同法所采取的幾點措施，此部分內(nèi)容是伯爾曼世界共同法理論的重點。最后一部分是對伯爾曼有關世界共同法理論的部分反思，通過對其危機理論和世界法基礎理論的反思來試圖更加深刻的剖析伯爾曼的世界法理論。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of economic globalization, the exchanges between countries are getting closer and closer, and the exchange of legal culture based on the economic base is becoming more and more frequent, which makes the development of law tend to globalization. Berman, an American jurist, described this situation and showed a beautiful picture of the world with his own set of unique theories, which resulted in Berman's theory of world common law. Berman is a famous contemporary western jurist. His legal thought is full of concern for reality and prayer for the future. His legal theory is rich and profound and unique. This paper attempts to outline the theory of world common law in his legal thought according to the general logic of Berman's theory. From a logical point of view alone, Berman's theory of world common law was first based on the background of a "crisis" in western society. Through the restoration of the western legal tradition and the innovation in the ideological field, The establishment of comprehensive law and the formation of dialectical unity of law and religious system finally led to the birth of world common law. The world law of Berman's time has certain characteristics and realistic foundation, as well as many difficulties he faces. Berman uses his unique world outlook and methodology to explain the track of the development of common law and try to solve the dilemma he faces. When talking about the concrete construction of the common law of the world, Berman put forward a series of methods and measures to solve many problems that hinder the emergence and development of the law of the world. These measures include reshaping a western legal tradition that can guide the development of world law, breaking away from dualism, reforming in the field of legal education and establishing an integrated comprehensive legal theory. After putting forward these rescue measures, Berman finally emphasized the dialectical integration of law and religion, and provided the system and belief system for the world common law in the future. In order to make the world law develop healthily and gradually perfect. Berman's theory of world law has its inherent basis. However, by carefully studying Berman's many related theories about world common law, we can also find some problems worthy of reflection. Is the crisis of social law in the West really a catastrophic crisis? What is behind this crisis? And whether the comprehensive legal theory can really be established, through the profound reflection on Berman's theory, readers will be surprised to find that his theory of world law is in fact based on religion as the original starting point and final foothold. According to the above logic, this paper attempts to analyze the relevant theories of Berman's world law, which is divided into four parts according to the general logical structure of the text. The first part focuses on the background of Berman's theory of world common law. That is, what practical reason led him to put forward the theory of world common law. The second part focuses on the basic problems of the theory of world common law, which includes the formation basis of world law and Berman's unique methodology. The third part introduces some measures taken by Berman to construct the world common law, which is the focus of Berman's theory of world common law. The last part is a part of Berman's reflection on the theory of world common law, and tries to analyze Berman's theory of world law more deeply through the reflection of his crisis theory and the basic theory of world law.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90

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