【摘要】：自2007年《政府信息公開(kāi)條例》頒布以來(lái)，我國(guó)的政府信息公開(kāi)制度由地方各自為政、缺乏統(tǒng)一性和協(xié)調(diào)性走向了全國(guó)統(tǒng)一，該法的頒布和實(shí)施確立了政府信息公開(kāi)制度，但是不管是立法還是執(zhí)法層面，我國(guó)的政府信息公開(kāi)制度都還存在一些問(wèn)題。唐太宗曾言：“以銅為鏡，可以正衣冠；以古為鏡，可以知興替；以人為鏡，可以明得失。”自1982年《信息獲取法》頒布實(shí)施以來(lái)，加拿大的政府信息公開(kāi)制度實(shí)施了三十年，形成了比較成熟的法律體系。在保密傳統(tǒng)背景下制定的加拿大《信息獲取法》，與我國(guó)《政府信息公開(kāi)條例》的制定有著相似的背景；加拿大分散的聯(lián)邦體制與我國(guó)《政府信息公開(kāi)條例》制定之前的各省在信息公開(kāi)上各自為政的特點(diǎn)也頗為類似。這些相似點(diǎn)，讓人不得不思考，，加拿大的政府信息公開(kāi)制度是如何安排的，具有何種特點(diǎn)，有沒(méi)有值得我國(guó)借鑒的制度安排？其面臨的問(wèn)題是否是我國(guó)可以預(yù)見(jiàn)并避免的？正是在這樣的背景之下，本文通過(guò)翻譯加拿大政府信息公開(kāi)制度大量法律規(guī)定，整合中加行政法學(xué)者研究政府信息公開(kāi)制度專著和論文，在試圖對(duì)加拿大信息公開(kāi)制度進(jìn)行介紹的基礎(chǔ)上來(lái)展開(kāi)文章的論述，力求使得我國(guó)政府信息公開(kāi)法制建設(shè)也能夠吸取到加拿大政府信息公開(kāi)制度中的精華。 在具體結(jié)構(gòu)上，本文分為四個(gè)部分來(lái)展開(kāi)論述，第一部分從宏觀是對(duì)加拿大信息公開(kāi)制度的形成背景、發(fā)展，立法的進(jìn)程，聯(lián)邦立法與地方立法的分工，信息公開(kāi)的目的與原則等方面進(jìn)行了有詳有略的介紹，以期望能更加直觀生動(dòng)的展示加拿大信息公開(kāi)制度的原貌；第二部分以加拿大《信息獲取法》為主，重點(diǎn)考察了信息公開(kāi)權(quán)利主體、信息公開(kāi)義務(wù)主體、信息公開(kāi)范圍、信息公開(kāi)程序以及救濟(jì)制度，同時(shí)就我國(guó)信息公開(kāi)制度的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行與之進(jìn)行比較分析，從中可以顯示出我國(guó)政府信息公開(kāi)立法方面的缺陷；第三部分介紹加拿大《信息獲取法》頒布以來(lái)取得的成績(jī)以及在面臨各種阻礙時(shí)采取的更為有效促進(jìn)信息公開(kāi)的措施，對(duì)這些實(shí)施狀況以及變化過(guò)程，乃至于加拿大信息公開(kāi)制度今天在國(guó)際上的地位進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的分析；第四部分聯(lián)系我國(guó)政府信息公開(kāi)制度頒布實(shí)施的實(shí)際情況，結(jié)合對(duì)加拿大《信息獲取法》的實(shí)施經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)的梳理，有針對(duì)性地借鑒加拿大政府信息公開(kāi)制度，提出有益于我國(guó)信息公開(kāi)制度發(fā)展和完善的建議。
[Abstract]:Since the promulgation of the "regulations on the publicity of Government Information" in 2007, the government information disclosure system of our country has been managed by local governments separately, lacking of unity and coordination, and the promulgation and implementation of this law has established the system of government information disclosure. However, there are still some problems in our government information disclosure system, both in legislation and law enforcement. Tang Taizong once said, "if you use copper as a mirror, you can get the right dress; if you use the ancient times as the mirror, you can know how to take the place; if you take the man as the mirror, you can have a good or bad result." Since the promulgation and implementation of the Information acquisition Act in 1982, Canada's government information disclosure system has been implemented for 30 years, forming a relatively mature legal system. The Canadian "Information access Act", formulated under the traditional background of secrecy, has a similar background to the enactment of the "Government Information Disclosure regulations" in China. The decentralized federal system in Canada is similar to that of the provinces before the enactment of the Government Information Disclosure Act. These similarities make people have to think about the Canadian government information disclosure system is how to arrange, what characteristics, is there a system worthy of our country to learn from the arrangements? Is the problem that our country can foresee and avoid? It is against this background that by translating a large number of laws and regulations of the Canadian government information disclosure system, this paper integrates Chinese and Canadian administrative law scholars to study monographs and papers on the government information disclosure system. Based on the introduction of the Canadian information disclosure system, the author tries to make the legal construction of government information disclosure in our country absorb the essence of the Canadian government information disclosure system. In the specific structure, this paper is divided into four parts to discuss. The first part is the background, the development, the legislative process, the division of labor between the federal legislation and the local legislation. The purpose and principle of information disclosure are introduced in detail in order to show the original appearance of Canadian information disclosure system more intuitively and vividly. The second part focuses on the subject of information disclosure right, the subject of information disclosure obligation, the scope of information disclosure, the procedure of information disclosure and the relief system. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the relevant contents of our country's information disclosure system, we can show the defects of our government information disclosure legislation. Part III describes the achievements made since the enactment of Canada's access to Information Act and the measures taken to promote more effective disclosure of information in the face of various obstacles, as well as the status of these implementation and the process of change, Even the Canadian information disclosure system today in the international status of a detailed analysis; In the fourth part, in connection with the actual situation of the promulgation and implementation of the government information disclosure system in our country, and combing the experiences and lessons of the implementation of Canada's "Information access Act", we draw on the Canadian government information disclosure system in a targeted way. Some suggestions are put forward for the development and perfection of information disclosure system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D971.1

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