【摘要】：北洋政府時(shí)期是我國(guó)歷史上軍閥混戰(zhàn)最黑暗的時(shí)期,內(nèi)外巨變,政局動(dòng)蕩不穩(wěn),同時(shí)這一時(shí)期又是繼清末法制變革以后另一個(gè)重要的法制改革階段,傳統(tǒng)的法律制度與移植的西方新法接軌發(fā)生碰撞。在這個(gè)時(shí)期,我國(guó)行政訴訟制度最終確立并得到發(fā)展,獨(dú)特的社會(huì)背景和政治環(huán)境使得這一時(shí)期產(chǎn)生的專(zhuān)門(mén)的行政訴訟機(jī)關(guān)——平政院獨(dú)具特色,成為民國(guó)初年設(shè)立的中國(guó)第一個(gè)行政訴訟審判機(jī)關(guān)。平政院從1914年建立到1928年瓦解,由于北洋政府所處朝代的局限性,存續(xù)僅短短的15年,但其價(jià)值卻實(shí)是不容忽視的,對(duì)北洋政府以后的南京政府,以致近代行政訴訟的發(fā)展都起到了重要的引導(dǎo)和啟示作用。平政院的制度設(shè)計(jì)以及第一次將傳統(tǒng)法制理念中高高在上的行政官員和普通民眾對(duì)簿公堂的審判,都給當(dāng)時(shí)軍閥混戰(zhàn)的年代這個(gè)封閉的社會(huì)產(chǎn)生了巨大的沖擊,更值得一提的是給傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)法律制度帶來(lái)的全新的法律理念上的沖擊和影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于其一紙判決給民眾個(gè)人所起的作用,對(duì)中國(guó)法制的近代化更是起到了積極的推動(dòng)作用。 文章一共分為五部分,著重把制度研究放在清末民初這個(gè)大背景下,通過(guò)分析社會(huì)環(huán)境、清末改革對(duì)行政訴訟的影響引出平政院的確立,從宏觀制度層面分析平政院設(shè)立運(yùn)行的狀況,然后再深入剖析制度的特點(diǎn)、與當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的融合程度以及平政院消亡后對(duì)以后行政訴訟制度產(chǎn)生的影響,揭示法律移植與本土資源的關(guān)系,客觀的總結(jié)平政院的創(chuàng)新價(jià)值以及其夭折的根本缺陷,以期對(duì)于當(dāng)代的法制建設(shè)的深入有所幫助,特別是對(duì)于現(xiàn)在提倡的司法改革、行政訴訟模式的改革起到一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:The period of the Beiyang Government was the darkest period in the history of our country for the melee of warlords. It was a period of great internal and external changes and political instability. At the same time, this period was another important stage of legal reform after the legal reform in the late Qing Dynasty. The traditional legal system collides with the transplanted new western law. In this period, the administrative litigation system of our country was finally established and developed, and the special social background and political environment made the special administrative litigation Organ-Pingzheng Yuan have its own characteristics. It became the first administrative litigation judicial organ established in the beginning of the Republic of China. The Pingzheng Yuan was established from 1914 to disintegrated in 1928. Due to the limitation of the dynasty in which the Beiyang government lived, it lasted for only 15 years, but its value could not be ignored. As a result, the development of modern administrative litigation has played an important role in guiding and enlightening. The design of the system of the Pingzhou-Yuan and the first trial of the high administrative officials and ordinary people in the traditional legal system have had a huge impact on this closed society in the era of the warlords' melee at that time. What is more worth mentioning is that the impact and influence on the new legal concept brought to the traditional Chinese legal system is far greater than the effect of its judgment on the individual, and it has played a positive role in promoting the modernization of the Chinese legal system. The article is divided into five parts, focusing on the system research in the background of the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China. Through the analysis of the social environment, the influence of the reform of the late Qing Dynasty on the administrative proceedings leads to the establishment of the Pingchengyuan. From the macro system level, this paper analyzes the status of the establishment and operation of the Pingchengyuan, then deeply analyzes the characteristics of the system, the degree of integration with the society at that time and the influence on the administrative litigation system in the future after the disappearance of the Pingchengyuan. It reveals the relationship between legal transplantation and local resources, objectively summarizes the innovative value of Pingzheng Institute and the fundamental defects of its premature death, in order to be helpful to the construction of contemporary legal system, especially to the judicial reform advocated now. The reform of administrative litigation mode plays a certain practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D929;D925.3

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本文編號(hào)：2383545