【摘要】：本文從語義學(xué)的角度探討了中國法律詞匯的意義演進(jìn)。以西方語義學(xué)理論，主要是功能語言學(xué)家烏爾曼的語義演變理論為基礎(chǔ)，以中國法律語言體系中部分典型語詞之語義演變?yōu)槔�，探討了中國法律語詞語義演變的主要類型及導(dǎo)致語義演變的主要原因。中國法律語詞的語義演變主要可以歸納為五種：語義縮小、語義擴(kuò)大、語義轉(zhuǎn)移、比喻性演變和指代性演變。其中，語義縮小是中國法律詞匯最常見的語義演變。本文還探討了導(dǎo)致這些語義演變的原因，其中歷史原因和外來語的影響是造成現(xiàn)代中國法律語言系統(tǒng)中絕大多數(shù)詞匯語義演變的最重要的兩個(gè)因素。而影響上述演變的根源在于中國法律詞匯的主要特點(diǎn)。法律詞匯所要求的準(zhǔn)確性，正式性以及簡(jiǎn)潔性，從根本上決定了語義縮小在語義演變中的主導(dǎo)地位。中國法律制度的演進(jìn)過程又決定了歷史因素以及外來語的影響在導(dǎo)致中國法律語詞語義演變的原因中的統(tǒng)治地位。通對(duì)中國法律語詞語義演進(jìn)的詳細(xì)探究，本文最后歸納了現(xiàn)代中國法律系統(tǒng)中絕大多數(shù)語詞的三種形成途徑：沿用舊有語詞，借形變義及創(chuàng)造新詞，中國法律語詞的語義演進(jìn)一定程度上可以體現(xiàn)中國法律制度的演進(jìn)，，對(duì)其研究可以讓人更好的理解中國法律制度的演進(jìn)。并且，對(duì)中國法律語詞演進(jìn)機(jī)制和原因的探究，可以糾正某些不甚客觀的法律語詞的詞源觀。而且，通過對(duì)中國法律語詞演進(jìn)的研究歸納出的中國現(xiàn)代法律語詞形成主要的三種途徑，對(duì)現(xiàn)代法律修改或制定新法有重要的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the meaning evolution of Chinese legal vocabulary from the perspective of semantics. Based on the semantic evolution theory of western semantics, mainly functional linguist Ulmann, and taking the semantic evolution of some typical words in Chinese legal language system as an example. This paper probes into the main types of semantic evolution of Chinese legal words and the main reasons leading to semantic evolution. The semantic evolution of Chinese legal words can be divided into five categories: semantic narrowing, semantic expansion, semantic transfer, metaphorical evolution and referential evolution. Among them, semantic narrowing is the most common semantic evolution of Chinese legal vocabulary. This paper also discusses the causes of these semantic changes, among which historical reasons and the influence of foreign words are the two most important factors that cause the semantic evolution of most words in the modern Chinese legal language system. The root of the above-mentioned evolution lies in the main characteristics of Chinese legal vocabulary. The accuracy, formality and conciseness required by legal vocabulary fundamentally determine the dominant position of semantic narrowing in semantic evolution. The evolution of Chinese legal system determines the dominant position of historical factors and the influence of foreign words in the semantic evolution of Chinese legal words. Through the detailed research on the semantic evolution of Chinese legal words, this paper concludes three ways to form most of the words in the modern Chinese legal system: to follow the old words, to use the deformed meanings and to create new words. The semantic evolution of Chinese legal words can reflect the evolution of Chinese legal system to a certain extent, and the research on it can make people better understand the evolution of Chinese legal system. Furthermore, the study of the evolution mechanism and reasons of Chinese legal words can correct the etymological views of some unobjective legal words. Moreover, through the study of the evolution of Chinese legal words, there are three main ways to form Chinese modern legal words, which can be used for reference for the revision of modern laws or the formulation of new laws.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D90-055;H13

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