規(guī)范性文件異議審查制度研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-06 20:17
【摘要】：目前,我國的法制建設(shè)欠完善,各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都需要制定法律來規(guī)范,立法任務(wù)巨大,難免有些領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)立法缺位現(xiàn)象,已有的法律也存在規(guī)定的過于原則、缺乏具體程序規(guī)范的問題,各地政府及部門為了管理社會,制定了許多的規(guī)范性文件來進(jìn)行社會管理,然而由于立法水平的有限性,難免會出現(xiàn)違法的規(guī)范性文件,再加上有些地方政府為了地方利益,制定了違法的規(guī)范性文件,打著“規(guī)范性文件”的幌子實(shí)施違法行為,使公民利益受損,破壞了法律的統(tǒng)一。因此有必要對規(guī)范性文件進(jìn)行有效的監(jiān)督,而異議審查制度是一種低成本、高效率的監(jiān)督方式,而且從近幾年的實(shí)踐來看,我們也看到公眾在規(guī)范性文件監(jiān)督中發(fā)揮了巨大的作用。我國雖然已經(jīng)初步形成了規(guī)范性文件異議審查制度,但是該制度還不完善,在具體的實(shí)施中出現(xiàn)了很多問題。在立法層面,缺乏統(tǒng)一的立法,各地的具體操作規(guī)定的不一致;在程序方面,缺乏統(tǒng)一、全面、科學(xué)、具體的程序來保障規(guī)范性文件異議審查的實(shí)施;此外,在機(jī)制方面,缺乏信息公開、回復(fù)反饋、救濟(jì)機(jī)制等保障制度來保證該制度的良好運(yùn)行。針對這些問題,筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該從以下幾個(gè)方面完善:一是對規(guī)范性文件異議審查制度進(jìn)行專章立法,在全國范圍內(nèi)制定統(tǒng)一的規(guī)范性文件備案審查法,在專門的章節(jié)對規(guī)范性文件異議審查的審查機(jī)構(gòu)及責(zé)任、審查程序及各個(gè)階段的處理期限等作具體、明確的規(guī)定;二是完善具體審查程序,構(gòu)建制定機(jī)關(guān)前置審查程序和備案機(jī)關(guān)的復(fù)核程序;三是構(gòu)建公開的審查程序,完善備案審查過程中的信息公開,引入公眾參與審查程序;四是構(gòu)建完善的處理程序,構(gòu)建健全的反饋機(jī)制,明確告知的內(nèi)容、時(shí)限、不及時(shí)告知的法律責(zé)任,完善相應(yīng)的救濟(jì)程序。
[Abstract]:At present, the legal system construction of our country is imperfect, all fields need to make laws to standardize, the legislative task is enormous, it is inevitable that there is a phenomenon of legislative absence in some fields, and the existing laws also have too many principles. Lack of specific procedural norms, in order to manage the society, local governments and departments have formulated many normative documents to carry out social management. However, due to the limited level of legislation, it is inevitable that illegal normative documents will appear. In addition, some local governments, for the sake of local interests, have formulated illegal normative documents and carried out illegal acts under the guise of "normative documents", which have damaged the interests of citizens and damaged the unity of the law. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the normative documents effectively, and the dissent examination system is a low cost and high efficiency supervision method, and from the practice in recent years, We also see that the public has played a great role in the supervision of normative documents. Although China has initially formed the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, the system is not perfect, and many problems have appeared in the concrete implementation. At the legislative level, the lack of uniform legislation, the inconsistency of specific operational provisions in various places, the lack of unified, comprehensive, scientific and specific procedures to ensure the implementation of the dissent examination of normative documents; In addition, in the aspect of mechanism, there is a lack of information disclosure, feedback, relief mechanism and other guarantee systems to ensure the good operation of the system. Aiming at these problems, the author thinks that we should perfect them from the following aspects: first, we should legislate specifically on the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, and formulate a unified law on the filing and examination of normative documents throughout the country. In the special chapter, the review body and responsibility of the dissent examination of normative documents, the examination procedure and the time limit of dealing with each stage, etc., are specifically and clearly stipulated; The second is to perfect the specific examination procedure, to construct the pre-examination procedure and the review procedure of the filing organ, the third is to construct the open examination procedure, to perfect the information disclosure in the record examination process, and to introduce the public participation in the examination procedure. The fourth is to construct the perfect processing procedure, the perfect feedback mechanism, the content, the time limit, the legal responsibility of not informing in time, and perfect the corresponding relief procedure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D920.4
本文編號：2315356
[Abstract]:At present, the legal system construction of our country is imperfect, all fields need to make laws to standardize, the legislative task is enormous, it is inevitable that there is a phenomenon of legislative absence in some fields, and the existing laws also have too many principles. Lack of specific procedural norms, in order to manage the society, local governments and departments have formulated many normative documents to carry out social management. However, due to the limited level of legislation, it is inevitable that illegal normative documents will appear. In addition, some local governments, for the sake of local interests, have formulated illegal normative documents and carried out illegal acts under the guise of "normative documents", which have damaged the interests of citizens and damaged the unity of the law. Therefore, it is necessary to supervise the normative documents effectively, and the dissent examination system is a low cost and high efficiency supervision method, and from the practice in recent years, We also see that the public has played a great role in the supervision of normative documents. Although China has initially formed the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, the system is not perfect, and many problems have appeared in the concrete implementation. At the legislative level, the lack of uniform legislation, the inconsistency of specific operational provisions in various places, the lack of unified, comprehensive, scientific and specific procedures to ensure the implementation of the dissent examination of normative documents; In addition, in the aspect of mechanism, there is a lack of information disclosure, feedback, relief mechanism and other guarantee systems to ensure the good operation of the system. Aiming at these problems, the author thinks that we should perfect them from the following aspects: first, we should legislate specifically on the system of examining the dissent of normative documents, and formulate a unified law on the filing and examination of normative documents throughout the country. In the special chapter, the review body and responsibility of the dissent examination of normative documents, the examination procedure and the time limit of dealing with each stage, etc., are specifically and clearly stipulated; The second is to perfect the specific examination procedure, to construct the pre-examination procedure and the review procedure of the filing organ, the third is to construct the open examination procedure, to perfect the information disclosure in the record examination process, and to introduce the public participation in the examination procedure. The fourth is to construct the perfect processing procedure, the perfect feedback mechanism, the content, the time limit, the legal responsibility of not informing in time, and perfect the corresponding relief procedure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D920.4
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