【摘要】：美國(guó)軍法官制度傳承于英國(guó)軍法官制度,后不斷發(fā)展逐漸形成一項(xiàng)具有美國(guó)特色的政治制度,它是美國(guó)軍事法治精神的重要體現(xiàn)。作為美國(guó)軍事法律制度的重要內(nèi)容之一,美國(guó)軍法官制度的形成與發(fā)展過(guò)程就是美國(guó)軍事法治歷程的縮影,因此,對(duì)美國(guó)軍法官制度的歷史背景、制度特點(diǎn)、形成發(fā)展以及作用影響進(jìn)行深入探析,可以為我國(guó)正在進(jìn)行的軍事法治體制建設(shè)提供許多可資參考與借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文靈活運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、案例分析法以及對(duì)比分析法,分四個(gè)章節(jié)對(duì)美國(guó)軍法官制度進(jìn)行詳細(xì)論述,試圖對(duì)軍法官制度的起源與發(fā)展、運(yùn)行模式進(jìn)行詳細(xì)而全面的分析,從而權(quán)衡利弊,探索出該制度對(duì)于我國(guó)軍隊(duì)司法體制建設(shè)的深刻啟示。第一章首先從美國(guó)軍法官制度的相關(guān)概念入手,明確該制度的內(nèi)涵,在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)其法律依據(jù)進(jìn)行論述,厘清該制度的理論脈絡(luò)。第二章主要從美國(guó)軍法官制度的緣起,對(duì)英國(guó)軍法官制度的承繼與確立以及美國(guó)軍法官制度的不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)行整理與論述,理清美國(guó)軍法官制度的實(shí)踐發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。第三章審查主要從軍法官的任免,職位分類,功能編配與主要職責(zé)以及軍法官與其他軍內(nèi)單位和人員的關(guān)系這幾個(gè)方面入手清晰地呈現(xiàn)美國(guó)軍法官制度的運(yùn)行模式。第四章對(duì)于美國(guó)軍法官制度的利弊與啟示進(jìn)行分析。最后,本文結(jié)合該制度本身的研究以及利弊的分析,總結(jié)出三點(diǎn)對(duì)于我國(guó)軍事制度建設(shè)的啟示:其一,應(yīng)大力注重軍事法律專業(yè)人才的培養(yǎng)與使用;其二,軍隊(duì)法治工作機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)科學(xué)設(shè)置;其三,應(yīng)重視通過(guò)立法的形式確認(rèn)和完善軍事法治建設(shè)的成果。
[Abstract]:The American military judge system is inherited from the British military judge system, and gradually develops into a political system with American characteristics, which is an important embodiment of the American military rule of law. As one of the important contents of American military legal system, the formation and development of American military judge system is the epitome of the course of American military rule of law. The formation and development as well as the effect of the formation and development of the system of military rule of law can provide a lot of reference and experience for the construction of the military rule of law system in our country. This paper, using the method of literature, case analysis and comparative analysis, discusses in detail the system of American military judges in four chapters, and attempts to analyze the origin and development of the system of military judges and its operating mode in detail and comprehensively. In order to weigh the pros and cons, this paper explores the profound enlightenment of this system to the construction of the military judicial system in our country. The first chapter begins with the related concepts of the American military judge system, clarifies the connotation of the system, and on this basis, discusses its legal basis and clarifies the theoretical context of the system. The second chapter mainly from the origin of the United States military judge system, the succession and establishment of the British military judge system and the continuous development of the United States military judge system to sort out the practice of the development of the United States military judge system. The third chapter reviews the appointment and dismissal of the main military judges, the classification of positions, the functional assignment and the main responsibilities, and the relationship between military judges and other units and personnel in the military. The fourth chapter analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of American military judge system. Finally, combined with the research of the system itself and the analysis of its advantages and disadvantages, this paper summarizes the enlightenment of three aspects to the construction of our military system: first, we should pay great attention to the cultivation and use of military law professionals; second, we should pay more attention to the cultivation and use of military law professionals. The organization of military rule by law should be set up scientifically. Thirdly, the achievements of military rule by law should be confirmed and perfected through legislation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D971.2;DD912.1

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