【摘要】：法律體系是一國法治建設的基礎和實現(xiàn)依法治國的前提。當前中國特色社會主義法律體系已經正式形成,在此基礎上加強對法律體系形成的理論研究也就具有更大的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。該法律體系的形成引起了筆者學習和研究的興趣,在對前人的研究成果進行學習的基礎上下筆寫了該篇文章,希望引起讀者的興趣從而對法律體系進行深入的學習和研究。 關于法律體系含義的理解學界一直存在各種不同的觀點,作者對這些常用的觀點進行分析和概括,分別從三個方面進行闡釋：首先從理論層面來分析,該層面對法律體系進行較深層次的解讀,認為其與法律的含義大致相同；其次從文化層面分析,該層面認為法律體系有著較深的文化底蘊,與特定的歷史傳統(tǒng)和外在表現(xiàn)形式相關,并且通常用法系的含義對法律體系進行解讀；三是從傳統(tǒng)的角度分析,主張從整體上來認識法律體系,重視該體系的整體性,認為法律體系以一國全部現(xiàn)行有效的規(guī)范為基礎,這也是法律工作者通常理解和運用的關于法律體系的解釋。此外關于法律體系還有進化論法學的法律體系觀和實踐論法學的法律體系觀,主張從動態(tài)的歷史的角度審視法律的發(fā)展,追求法律的實然效果。 第二部分在中國特色社會主義法律體系正式形成的基礎上分析了法律體系形成的標準和中國特色社會主義法律體系的獨有特色。在借鑒國內學者關于法律體系形成的標準所作的闡釋的基礎上,筆者從三個層面總結了該法律體系形成的標準：第一是法律體系形成的系統(tǒng)規(guī)范標準,要求形成一個自洽完滿的法律規(guī)范體系；第二是法律體系形成的文化價值標準,要求通過良法善治保障人權達到立法的目的；第三是法律體系形成的社會實踐標準,認為法律體系的最終使命就是將法律付諸實踐,使法律成為社會主要的調整手段和人民普遍遵循的行為規(guī)范,這是法律體系形成的最高最理想的狀態(tài)。接著分析了我國法律體系的主要特點：以社會主義為本質、以一元多層為結構、以政府推進為形成模式、以改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設為時代特征、以借鑒、吸收、創(chuàng)造為文化特征。從而為文章的進行奠定了基礎。 第三部分研究了中國特色社會主義法律體系形成的基礎,認為該法律體系形成的基礎主要包括該法律體系在歷史發(fā)展進程中的表現(xiàn)形式即歷史淵源和其形成的主要條件。首先,認為我國的法律體系在發(fā)展進程中主要繼承了中國古代法律體系和新民主主義法律體系的優(yōu)秀成果,移植了蘇聯(lián)社會主義法律體系的先進理念和制度。接著從實踐、理論和立法技術層面分析了該法律體系形成的基本條件。最后,分三個階段分析了該法律體系形成的軌跡。 第四部分在前文論述的基礎上總結了我國法律體系形成的基本經驗,主要從理論和實踐兩個方面來分析。從理念層面來說主要貫徹了三個堅持,即：“堅持中國特色社會主義理論體系的指導、堅持黨的領導、堅持從我國初級階段的國情和實際出發(fā)”。從實踐層面來看我國法律體系的形成經驗主要是：“堅持統(tǒng)一性和靈活性的兼顧、堅持在繼承和借鑒的基礎上不斷創(chuàng)新、堅持綜合運用多種立法手段的結合”。 第五部分主要分析了我國法律體系存在的主要問題,在對問題進行分析的基礎上談論了該法律體系完善的幾點思路。目前我國法律體系存在的主要問題包括：“存在某些立法空白、立法質量不高,缺乏可操作性、法律體系自身協(xié)調性有待進一步提高”。在此基礎上我們提出法律體系的完善還需要做到以下幾點：“加強保障公民權益的民生立法、修改現(xiàn)行法律,提高法律的可操作性、創(chuàng)新立法技術,實現(xiàn)法律體系內部和諧統(tǒng)一、創(chuàng)新立法體制,完善立法權限的設置、劃分體制”。 結論部分談及了我國在今后的立法工作中應該注意的問題和應貫徹的幾點原則,認為我國的法律體系雖然已經形成,但是該法律體系的完善依然任重道遠,其開放性和包容性的特征必將促使其隨著時代的發(fā)展而不斷趨于完善。
[Abstract]:The legal system is the basis of the construction of the rule of law in a country and the prerequisite for the realization of the rule of law. The legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has been formally formed. On this basis, it is of greater theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the theoretical research on the formation of the legal system. This article is written on the basis of the study of previous research results, hoping to arouse the interest of the readers so as to study and study the legal system in depth.
There are many different views on the understanding of the meaning of the legal system. The author analyzes and generalizes these common views from three aspects: first, from the theoretical level, this layer is analyzed in a deeper level of the legal system, which is roughly the same meaning as the law; secondly, it is from the text. On the level of analysis, the legal system has a deeper cultural connotation, related to the specific historical tradition and external manifestation, and interprets the legal system through the meaning of common law system. Three, from the traditional perspective, it advocates the understanding of the legal system as a whole, the integrity of the system, and the view of the legal body. On the basis of all the existing and effective norms of a country, it is also an explanation of the legal system that legal workers usually understand and apply. In addition, the legal system and the legal system view of the legal system of law and practical jurisprudence are also considered in the legal system, and the development of the law and the pursuit of the reality of law from a dynamic historical point of view. But the effect.
The second part analyses the standard of the formation of the legal system and the unique characteristics of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics on the basis of the formal formation of the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. On the basis of the interpretation of the standards for the formation of the legal system by domestic scholars, the writer summarizes the formation of the legal system from three levels. Standards: the first is the system standard standard formed by the legal system, which requires the formation of a self consistent and complete legal norm system; second is the cultural value standard formed by the legal system, and the goal of guaranteeing human rights through good law and good governance to achieve the legislative purpose; third is the social practice standard formed by the legal system, and the most of the legal system is considered. The final mission is to put the law into practice, make the law become the main adjustment means of the society and the behavior norms that the people generally follow. This is the highest and most ideal state of the formation of the legal system. Then it analyzes the main characteristics of the legal system in our country: the essence of socialism, the multi tier as the structure, and the promotion of the government as the form of formation. With reform and opening up and modernization as the characteristics of the times, with reference, absorption and creation as the cultural characteristics, thus laying the foundation for the article.
The third part studies the foundation of the formation of the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and holds that the basis of the formation of the legal system mainly includes the forms of expression of the legal system in the course of historical development, that is, the historical origin and the main conditions for its formation. The outstanding achievements of the legal system and the new democratic legal system have transplanted the advanced concept and system of the socialist legal system of the Soviet Union. Then, the basic conditions for the formation of the legal system are analyzed from the aspects of practice, theory and legislation. Finally, the formation of the legal system is analyzed in three stages.
The fourth part summarizes the basic experience of the formation of China's legal system on the basis of the previous article, mainly from two aspects of theory and practice. From the conceptual level, the main implementation of the three adherence, namely, "adhere to the guidance of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, firm the leadership of the party, and adhere to the national conditions in the primary stage of our country." From the practical level, the experience of the formation of the legal system in China is mainly as follows: "adhere to the balance of unity and flexibility, insist on continuous innovation on the basis of inheritance and reference, and adhere to the combination of the comprehensive use of various legislative means".
The fifth part mainly analyzes the main problems of the legal system in our country. On the basis of the analysis of the problems, it discusses some ideas about the perfection of the legal system. At present, the main problems of the legal system in our country include: "there are some legislative blanks, the quality of legislation is not high, the lack of operability, and the coordination of the legal system itself." On this basis, we put forward the following points: "strengthen the legislation of the people's rights and interests of the people's livelihood, amend the current law, improve the operability of the law, innovate the legislative technology, realize the internal harmony and unity of the legal system, innovate the legislative system, perfect the setting of legislative authority, division, and division." System ".
The conclusion part talks about the problems that we should pay attention to in the future legislative work and the principles that should be carried out. Although the legal system of our country has been formed, the perfection of the legal system still has a long way to go, and its openness and inclusiveness will make it more and more perfect with the development of the times.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D920.0

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