【摘要】：今日之私法已不純?nèi)皇顷P(guān)乎私人領(lǐng)域的法律,私法中存在公共關(guān)系與公共利益,且這種公共關(guān)系及公共利益元素幾乎遍及私法的全部,從私人財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)、到私法主體、再到私法行為以及私法責(zé)任,都體現(xiàn)了超越傳統(tǒng)私法形象的公共性的一面。公共財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)、公共法人、公共民事/商事行為、公共私法責(zé)任的興起,是否意味著要對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的私法結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行重構(gòu)?我們用何種法律模式去調(diào)整公共民事/商事行為?這是今天經(jīng)常被忽略的問(wèn)題。一些國(guó)家采取單行法模式回應(yīng)私法公共性的部分領(lǐng)域,例如,對(duì)公共法人,單獨(dú)制定公共企業(yè)法予以調(diào)整,對(duì)公共財(cái)產(chǎn)單獨(dú)制定公共財(cái)政法/財(cái)產(chǎn)法予以保護(hù)。此種集約立法,有助于凸顯私法行為的公共性,引起社會(huì)對(duì)其特別關(guān)注。但私法的公共性在不同領(lǐng)域,其表現(xiàn)程度存在差異,并非所有"公共性的表現(xiàn)"均需單獨(dú)立法。惟在觀念上,有必要形成"公共民事/商事行為"的法律架構(gòu),以公法及私法的觀念,交錯(cuò)調(diào)整該種行為,才能構(gòu)造適當(dāng)規(guī)范,滿足公共性私法行為之調(diào)整需求——遺憾的是,此前的私法構(gòu)往往忽略這種觀念。
[Abstract]:Today's private law is not purely related to the private field of law, private law exists in public relations and public interests, and this kind of public relations and public interests almost all elements of private law, from private property rights to private subjects, Then to the private law behavior and the private law responsibility, has manifested surpasses the traditional private law image the public aspect. Does the rise of public property right, public legal person, public civil / commercial behavior and public private law liability mean to reconstruct the traditional private law structure? What legal model do we use to regulate public civil / commercial conduct? This is a problem that is often overlooked today. Some countries adopt a separate law model to respond to some areas of the public nature of private law. For example, the public legal person is regulated by a separate public enterprise law, and the public property is protected by a separate public finance law / property law. This kind of intensive legislation is helpful to highlight the publicity of private law behavior and arouse the society's special attention to it. However, the publicity of private law is different in different fields, and not all "public performance" should be legislated separately. However, it is necessary to form a legal framework of "public civil / commercial acts" in view of the concept of public law and private law, and adjust this kind of behavior in a staggered manner, in order to construct appropriate norms and meet the needs of the adjustment of public private law acts. Previous private law structures often ignored this idea.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)法學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金重大項(xiàng)目“社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的公共商行為及其規(guī)制——勘定政府與國(guó)企的契約邊界研究”(項(xiàng)目號(hào):14ZDC019)的階段性成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D920.0

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