本文選題：陪審制度 + 陪審制度的淵源　； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：人民陪審制員制度，是國家審判機關(guān)吸收普通公民參與案件審判活動的一項司法制度，是我國司法制度中一項具有中國特色的制度。在中國人民陪審員制度并不是土生土長的，而是舶來品，我國現(xiàn)行人民陪審員制度是沿襲蘇聯(lián)模式而來的，但其在發(fā)展過程中不斷增加中國特色，逐漸形成具有中國特色的陪審制度。本文擬從歷史的角度對我國陪審制度進行考察，盡可能提供一個全景式的視角來觀察和認(rèn)識我國的陪審員制度，從而揭示陪審制度在我國歷史發(fā)展中的一些基本原則、基本規(guī)律，為陪審制度在我國的完善提出切實可行的建議。文章第一部分是關(guān)于遠古時代我國陪審制度的歷史淵源，主要敘述西周時期《周禮》中“三刺”之法與現(xiàn)代陪審制度相關(guān)聯(lián)的內(nèi)容，對周代是否出現(xiàn)陪審制度進行論證。文章第二部分是關(guān)于陪審制度于清末時期在我國移植的概況，其中又包括三個方面的內(nèi)容：陪審制度于清末移植的背景；陪審制度移植的立法概況；因陪審制度移植在清末引起的爭議。清末陪審制度的移植由于當(dāng)時中國國家權(quán)力機構(gòu)和封建傳統(tǒng)文化與西方資產(chǎn)階級文化存在很大差異，在高度中央集權(quán)統(tǒng)治下不可能形成類似于西方陪審制度的糾紛解決機制。清末陪審制度移植以失敗告終。文章第三部分是關(guān)于民國時期我國陪審制度的初步嘗試，因當(dāng)時政權(quán)的不穩(wěn)定，，在北洋軍閥的統(tǒng)治下，國民政府頒布的一系列法律法規(guī)沒有得到切實有效的貫徹實施，當(dāng)然陪審制度也在其中，民國時期對陪審制度的初步嘗試成果甚微，陪審制度沒有得到進一步發(fā)展。文章第四部分是新民主主義革命時期我國陪審制度的發(fā)展。新民主主義革命時期，在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，中共經(jīng)過大革命時期人民陪審制度的嘗試,到土地革命時期的初步創(chuàng)立，再到抗戰(zhàn)時期的發(fā)展和完善，以及解放戰(zhàn)爭時期的新發(fā)展，在實踐和探索中不斷地將這一制度中國化、本土化，從而一步步建立起具有中國特色的人民陪審制度，陪審制度在我國得以正式確立。文章第五部分是將新中國成立后至今我國陪審制度的發(fā)展做一個系統(tǒng)的闡述，將陪審制度在這一階段的發(fā)展分為四步，即1951年至1966年為陪審制度在中國初步確立和全面發(fā)展階段；1979至1982年為陪審制度在中國重新恢復(fù)階段；1982至1999年為陪審制度在我國的淡化階段；1999年至今為中國陪審制度的改革階段。人民陪審制度于文革期間停滯，后于七十年代末恢復(fù)重建，自恢復(fù)重建時起至九十年代末，陪審制度重新得到重視，但陪審制度在司法實務(wù)中遭遇了很多困境并顯示出諸多弊端，由此一度引發(fā)了學(xué)界“陪審制度的存廢之爭”。這一時期我國陪審制度經(jīng)歷了跌宕起伏的生命歷程，但陪審制度的法律地位上升，成為在立法中不可或缺的一部分。并且陪審制度的實施對我國司法制度的完善，推進司法獨立，司法民主具有重要意義。文章第六部分是對陪審制度的再思考，對上文我國陪審制度的歷史發(fā)展作總體闡述，站在宏觀、歷史的角度對我國陪審制度發(fā)展進行評價，指出陪審制度對我國司法現(xiàn)代化的重要作用，并指出其存在的不足及完善措施，對陪審制度在我國的進一步發(fā)展充滿期待。 總之，目前我國正處于社會轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時期，隨著社會變革的展開，盡快形成中國民眾對法治目標(biāo)和法律權(quán)威的認(rèn)同、對社會核心價值觀念與行為模式的認(rèn)同，是我國社會轉(zhuǎn)型時期面臨的重大挑戰(zhàn)。在這種改革浪潮中，陪審制度在維護司法公正與民主方面的固有價值被重新喚起。最高人民法院剛剛發(fā)布的《人民法院第三個五年改革綱要（2009-2013)))明確提出：“要進一步完善人民陪審員制度，擴大人民陪審員的選任范圍，規(guī)范人民審判員參與審理案件的活動，健全相關(guān)管理制度，落實保障措施。”這也為將來如何完善我國人民陪審制度指明方向。
[Abstract]:The people's jury system is a judicial system that the state judicial organ absorbs the trial activities of the ordinary citizens and is a system with Chinese characteristics in our judicial system. The system of the Chinese people's jurors is not a native, but a foreign product. The current system of the people's jurors in China is followed by the Soviet model. But in the course of its development, the Chinese characteristics are constantly added and the jury system with Chinese characteristics is gradually formed. This article is intended to investigate the jury system in China from a historical perspective and provide a panoramic view of the jury system in our country as far as possible, and to reveal some of the jurors' system in the history of our country. The basic principles and basic laws put forward practical suggestions for the improvement of the jury system in our country. The first part of the article is about the historical origin of the jury system in our country in the ancient times, mainly describing the internal capacity of the "three prickle" in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the modern jury system in the Zhou Dynasty, and to prove whether Zhou Dai appeared on the jury system. The second part of the article is about the general situation of the transplantation of jury system in China in the late Qing Dynasty, including three aspects: the background of the jury system in the late Qing Dynasty; the legislative general situation of the jury system transplantation; the dispute caused by the transplantation of the jury system in the late Qing Dynasty. The transplantation of the jury system at the end of the Qing Dynasty was due to the state power machine at that time in China There is a great difference between the feudal traditional culture and the western bourgeois culture. It is impossible to form a dispute settlement mechanism similar to the Western jury system under the high centralization of centralized power. The third part of the article is a preliminary attempt on the system of accompanying trial in China during the period of the Republic of China, because the regime was not at the time. Under the rule of the northern warlords, a series of laws and regulations promulgated by the national government have not been effectively and effectively implemented. Of course, the jury system is also in it. The preliminary trial results of the jury system in the Republic of China are very small and the jury system has not been further developed. The fourth part of the article is our country in the period of the new democratic revolution. The development of the jury system. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communist Party passed the trial of the people's jury system in the period of the great revolution, to the initial establishment of the period of the land revolution, to the development and perfection of the period of the war of resistance, and to the new development during the period of the war of liberation, and constantly put this system in China in practice and exploration. The fifth part of the article is to make a systematic exposition of the development of the jury system in China since the founding of new China, and the development of the jury system in this stage is divided into four steps, that is, from 1951 to 1966, the jury system is the jury. The system was initially established and fully developed in China; from 1979 to 1982, the jury system was restored in China; from 1982 to 1999, the jury system was desalinated in our country; in 1999 it was the reform stage of the Chinese jury system. The people's jury system was stagnated during the period of the cultural revolution, and then resumed and rebuilt in the late 70s. The jury system was re valued at the end of the 90s, but the jury system encountered a lot of difficulties in the judicial practice and showed a lot of disadvantages, which once caused the debate of "the existence and abolition of the jury system" in the academic circle. The sixth part of the article is the rethinking of the jury system, the overall exposition of the historical development of the jury system in our country, from the macroscopic and historical point of view. The evaluation of the development of the National Jury System points out the important role of the jury system in the modernization of China's judicature, and points out its shortcomings and measures, and is full of expectations for the further development of the jury system in our country.
At present, our country is at the key period of social transformation. With the development of social transformation, the identification of the Chinese people on the objective of the rule of law and the authority of the law as soon as possible, the identification of the core values and behavior patterns of the society is a major challenge in the period of social transformation in China. In this wave of reform, the jury system is in the maintenance department. The inherent value of law justice and democracy has been rearoused. The Supreme People's court has just issued the "third five year reform outline of the people's Court (2009-2013))." the people's jury system should be further perfected, the scope of the selection of the people's assessors should be expanded, and the activities of the people's judges to participate in the cases are regulated, and the relevant relations should be perfected. The management system and the implementation of safeguards "also indicate the direction for improving the people's jury system in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D929

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