本文選題：公民不服從 + 權(quán)利��； 參考：《北方工業(yè)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文第一部分主要通過對(duì)公民不服從歷史、現(xiàn)狀和理論的研究,建立以公民不服從理論對(duì)國內(nèi)實(shí)踐進(jìn)行實(shí)證考察的基礎(chǔ)。西方自然法和“惡法非法”與“惡法亦法”的爭論,一直隱含著公民不服從的思想：但是直到契約論成為現(xiàn)實(shí)和憲政體制的建立,現(xiàn)代意義的公民不服從才有了理論化乃至制度化的基礎(chǔ)。本文以美國為樣本對(duì)現(xiàn)代型公民不服從進(jìn)行了全景式考察,并對(duì)相關(guān)理論學(xué)說進(jìn)行了梳理。本文認(rèn)為,現(xiàn)代型公民不服從大致可分為兩類：一類是羅爾斯理論為代表的權(quán)利型公民不服從,另一類是哈貝馬斯理論為代表的參與型公民不服從。第一部分最后對(duì)公民不服從與中國的傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代進(jìn)行了簡單分析,作為第二部分運(yùn)用公民不服從理論分析國內(nèi)事例的銜接。 本文第二部分通過新世紀(jì)十年中個(gè)人型、群體型和網(wǎng)絡(luò)型公民不服從相關(guān)案例的分析,考察了公民不服從在國內(nèi)的具體情況。本部分目的在與典型意義上的公民不服從比較中得出適合中國的公民不服從的發(fā)展缺陷和可能適合中國的公民不服從的形式及發(fā)展方向。個(gè)人型公民不服從事例中,從孫志剛、孫中界、唐福珍和張海超考察了中國參與型公民不服從的啟動(dòng)和法律法規(guī)的修改；從郝勁松、楊支柱和重慶釘子戶夫婦考察了中國權(quán)利型公民不服從的公民特點(diǎn)；從秦中飛和劉進(jìn)成考察了公共領(lǐng)域的表達(dá)空間。群體型公民不服從事例中,從重慶出租車罷工事件和廈門散步事件考察了中國公民不服從的交流機(jī)制和小共同體特征；從甕安事件、孟連事件和石首事件考察了中國公民不服從中的暴力和政治。網(wǎng)絡(luò)型公民不服從中,從周久耕事件和躲貓貓事件考察了新媒體的作用,從鄧玉嬌案和許霆案考察了司法的權(quán)威。 本文第三部分對(duì)國內(nèi)公民不服從的情況進(jìn)行了總體概況,并提出了發(fā)展公民不服從所需要的基礎(chǔ)性條件。本文認(rèn)為,當(dāng)前國內(nèi)公民不服從,總覽事例是典型意義大于普遍意義；總體思路是需要建立全面徹底的法治和憲政。本文最后在“積極公民”和自由權(quán)利及其限制等方面對(duì)發(fā)展公民不服從所需要的基礎(chǔ)性條件進(jìn)行了闡述。
[Abstract]:In the first part of this paper, through the research of the history, the present situation and the theory of citizen disobedience, the author establishes the foundation of the empirical investigation on the domestic practice with the theory of citizen disobedience. The argument between the western natural law and the illegal draconian law and the draconian law has always implied the idea of disobeying the citizen: but until the contract theory became a reality and the establishment of the constitutional system, The civil disobedience in modern sense has a theoretical and even institutionalized basis. This article takes the United States as a sample to conduct a panoramic survey of modern citizens' disobedience, and combs the relevant theories. This paper holds that modern citizen disobedience can be roughly divided into two categories: one is right citizen disobedience represented by Rawls theory, and the other is participatory citizen disobedience represented by Habermas theory. The first part makes a brief analysis of the tradition and modern of the citizen disobedience with China, and analyzes the cohesion of the domestic cases from the theory of the citizen disobedience as the second part. In the second part of this paper, through the analysis of individual type, group type and network type citizen's disobedience in the new century ten years, we investigate the concrete situation of citizen's disobedience in our country. The purpose of this part is to find out from the comparison with the typical sense of citizen disobedience, the development defects suitable for Chinese citizens' disobedience and the form and direction of development which may be suitable for Chinese citizens' disobedience. From the examples of Sun Zhigang, Sun Zhongjie, Tang Fuzhen and Zhang Haichao, they examined the initiation of China's participating citizens' disobedience and the revision of laws and regulations; from Hao Jinsong, Yang Pillar and Chongqing nail-door couple examined the citizen characteristics of China's right citizens disobeying themselves; from Qin Zhongfei and Liu Jincheng they examined the expression space in the public sphere. From the incident of taxi strike in Chongqing and the incident of walking in Xiamen, the article examines the communication mechanism and the characteristics of small community of Chinese citizens' disobedience; from the Weng'an incident, The Menglian incident and the Shishou incident examined the violence and politics in which Chinese citizens disobeyed. The online citizen disobeys, examines the role of the new media from the Zhou Jiugeng incident and the hide and seek incident, and examines the judicial authority from the case of Deng Yujiao and the case of Xu Ting. In the third part of this paper, the general situation of domestic citizens' disobedience is summarized, and the basic conditions for the development of citizens' disobedience are put forward. This paper holds that the typical meaning is greater than the universal meaning and the overall idea is to establish a comprehensive and thorough rule of law and constitutionalism. At the end of this paper, the basic conditions for the development of citizens' disobedience are expounded in the aspects of "active citizens" and the rights of freedom and their limitations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北方工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

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