本文選題：行政法法官 + 獨立趨勢��； 參考：《華東政法大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國行政法法官制度已經滲透于這個國家生活的各個方面,包括經濟發(fā)展、政治導向等領域,對其有著深遠的影響。有學者甚至認為行政法法官已經成為美國法官系統的主角,而其中的行政法法官獨立化進程更是美國現代行政法發(fā)展的一個剪影,它既反映出這個時代中行政權的無限擴張以及行政司法權的日益增強,同時也反映了公眾對約束行政權日漸高漲的呼聲。鑒于行政法法官獨立化進程是從無到有,歷經許多年,有諸多起伏,可見這一制度并非適用于所有情況,需要根據各地區(qū)、各行政機關的現實情況選擇適宜的獨立化措施;另一方面也說明美國立法對改革成果的確認是比較謹慎的,重大的變革只有在時機成熟時才會以成文法形式作出規(guī)定。這一過程中,許多立法建議是美國法學家們通過對行政法法官地位的深入調查和研究而提出的。行政法法官獨立化進程中也暴露出一些問題,最令人擔心的莫過于一支有著難以接受的數量的聽證人員隊伍,卻存在著拙劣的表現和無視正直。目前,美國已有一支相當龐大的行政法法官隊伍,聯邦行政法法官人數是美國地方法院從事聯邦刑事、民事案件審判法官人數的三倍;在聯邦31個行政機關中有1005名行政法法官;在地方各州中,僅2004年,加利福尼亞州就有400名以上的行政法法官。這些行政法法官分布于美國社會各級政府之中,處理著每年上百萬的行政糾紛,像任何一個大的集團一樣不可避免地存在著濫用權力的現象;但由于行政法法官的獨立性受到更多的重視,使他們很少受到來自外界的監(jiān)督,并且隨著其地位越高,越獨立,也越發(fā)與外界隔絕。 行政法法官獨立化也是美國現代行政法發(fā)展的趨勢,這種趨勢并未停止,仍在蔓延。因此在對美國行政法法官制度研究時,對美國行政法法官獨立演變趨勢的研究探討是必不可少的,在對行政法法官地位的獨立演變的研究探討過程中,正是對我國目前和今后聽證制度發(fā)展前景的一個系統的梳理和借鑒。
[Abstract]:American administrative law judge system has penetrated into all aspects of the life of this country, including economic development, political orientation and other fields, and has a profound influence on it. Some scholars even think that administrative law judges have become the protagonists of the American judge system, and the process of independence of administrative law judges is a silhouette of the development of modern administrative law in the United States. It not only reflects the unlimited expansion of the executive power and the increasing increase of the administrative judicial power in this era, but also reflects the public's growing calls to restrain the executive power. In view of the fact that the process of the independence of administrative law judges is from scratch, after many years, there are many ups and downs, it is obvious that this system is not applicable to all situations, need to choose appropriate independent measures according to the actual situation of various regions and administrative organs; On the other hand, it also shows that American legislation is more cautious in recognizing the results of the reform, and that major changes will only be regulated by statute law when the time is ripe. In this process, many legislative proposals were put forward by American jurists through in-depth investigation and study of the status of administrative law judges. There are some problems in the process of the independence of administrative law judges. The most worrying problem is that there is an unacceptable number of hearing staff, but there is poor performance and disregard for integrity. At present, the United States has a quite large contingent of administrative law judges, the number of federal administrative law judges is three times as many as that of the United States local courts engaged in federal criminal, civil cases trial judges; There are 1005 administrative judges in 31 federal agencies and more than 400 in California in 2004 alone. These administrative law judges are distributed among all levels of government in American society, deal with millions of administrative disputes every year, like any large group, the phenomenon of abuse of power is inevitable; However, because the independence of administrative law judges is paid more attention to, they are seldom supervised by the outside world, and with their higher status, the more independent they are, the more isolated they are from the outside world. The independence of administrative law judges is also the trend of the development of modern American administrative law, which has not stopped and is still spreading. Therefore, in the study of the system of American administrative law judges, it is necessary to study the trend of the independent evolution of American administrative law judges, and in the process of studying the independent evolution of the status of administrative law judges, It is to our country at present and in the future hearing system development prospect of a systematic combing and reference.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.1

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 李娟;美國行政法官獨立化進程評述[J];中外法學;1996年05期

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本文編號：1845777