本文選題：公法 + 私法　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國一直堅(jiān)定不移的實(shí)行社會(huì)主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,市場經(jīng)濟(jì)經(jīng)過幾個(gè)世紀(jì)的發(fā)展、完善,已經(jīng)被當(dāng)今的發(fā)達(dá)國家證明是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的有效制度,但是,市場經(jīng)濟(jì)本身也存在著缺陷,比如市場對資源的配置是間接地,有時(shí)也會(huì)存在滯后性,這些缺陷就會(huì)造成資源的浪費(fèi),因此,在發(fā)展市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的同時(shí),我們也不能忽視國家層面的宏觀調(diào)控,在遵循社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)律的同時(shí),利用國家這只“有形之手”,對社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)行調(diào)控和指導(dǎo),排除種種不利因素,唯此,才能夠保障社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。但是要達(dá)到這樣的目的,就必須要有一種保障的機(jī)制,這種機(jī)制是能夠直接對社會(huì)活動(dòng)施加影響的,這種機(jī)制就是公法。誠然,現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的發(fā)展是離不開私法的,但是私法的終極作用在于它只是為現(xiàn)代市場經(jīng)濟(jì)提供了一般的行為規(guī)范和活動(dòng)守則,其對經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行施加的影響是消極的。這主要體現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)方面:首先,對于私人的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng),私法無法直接進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)。私法強(qiáng)調(diào)的是意思自治,并不會(huì)主動(dòng)的干預(yù)私主體的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng),私法所要求的只是不違反社會(huì)公共利益,而并不要求去主動(dòng)地維護(hù)它。其次,在調(diào)整方法上,私法的內(nèi)容大部分都是任意性規(guī)范,而任意性規(guī)范最大的特點(diǎn)就是可選擇性,私主體完全可以根據(jù)自身的需要選擇性的適用其中的一些,對于那些不需要的,則完全可以忽略甚至排除。從這一點(diǎn)上來看,就導(dǎo)致了私法無法對社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)行直接的調(diào)控,要想防止私法的上述弊端,我們就必須要超越私法的界限。針對本題目,目前我國學(xué)者的研究重點(diǎn)主要集中在公法與私法的劃分問題上,對于公法對私法的干預(yù)制度研究較少,同時(shí),大部分學(xué)者的研究都停留在法理學(xué)層面,和市場經(jīng)濟(jì)有關(guān)的研究也比較少,王繼軍教授的《公法與私法的現(xiàn)代詮釋》結(jié)合了市場經(jīng)濟(jì)對我國的公法和私法的劃分以及良性互動(dòng)進(jìn)行了探討,但是只是在公法與私法的良性互動(dòng)上進(jìn)行了宏觀討論,對于公法如何具體的對私法進(jìn)行干預(yù)并無進(jìn)一步的研究。綜上所述,對于這一問題目前研究的成果較少,本文旨在通過結(jié)合市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r分析公法的作用與私法的弊端,同時(shí)對公法應(yīng)如何具體的干預(yù)私法進(jìn)行探討,以得出一個(gè)適當(dāng)可行的方案,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)公法的價(jià)值。本文擬通過收集大量關(guān)于這一問題的研究資料,以此為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合之前的研究,對公法干預(yù)私法的必要性、條件、原則以及限度提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。并采用如下的方法來進(jìn)行分析:歷史分析法,探尋公法發(fā)展和理論現(xiàn)實(shí)背景,用歷史的視角來分析公法干預(yù)私法的初衷、價(jià)值等;比較分析法,通過對公法干預(yù)私法問題的研究進(jìn)行比較整理,找尋各國對這一問題的共同觀點(diǎn)和差異原因;文獻(xiàn)資料法,對所閱讀的資料進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié),分析各種觀點(diǎn)的優(yōu)劣,得出自己的觀點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, our country has been unswervingly implementing the socialist market economic system. After several centuries of development and improvement, the market economy has been proved by the developed countries today to be an effective system for promoting economic development. However, The market economy itself also has defects. For example, the allocation of resources in the market is indirect and sometimes lagged. These defects will lead to the waste of resources. Therefore, while developing the market economy, Nor can we ignore the macro-control at the national level. While following the laws of social and economic development, we should make use of the "visible hand" of the state to regulate and guide the social economy and eliminate all kinds of unfavorable factors. Only then can safeguard the social economy the healthy and stable development. But in order to achieve this goal, there must be a kind of safeguard mechanism, which can exert direct influence on social activities, and this kind of mechanism is public law. It is true that the development of modern society is inseparable from private law, but the ultimate function of private law is that it only provides general codes of conduct and codes of conduct for the modern market economy, and its influence on economic operation is negative. This is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, private law can not direct the guidance of private economic activities. Private law emphasizes autonomy of will and does not actively interfere with the economic activities of private subjects. What private law requires is that it does not violate the social and public interests, but does not require to actively protect it. Secondly, in terms of adjustment methods, most of the contents of private law are arbitrariness norms, and the most important feature of arbitrariness norms is that they are optional, and some of them can be selectively applied by private subjects according to their own needs. For those who do not need, it can be completely ignored or even excluded. From this point of view, private law can not directly control the social and economic development, in order to prevent the drawbacks of private law, we must go beyond the boundaries of private law. In view of this topic, the current research focus of Chinese scholars is mainly on the division between public law and private law, and there is little research on the interference system of public law and private law. At the same time, most of the scholars' studies remain at the level of jurisprudence. There are few studies related to the market economy. Professor Wang Jijun's Modern interpretation of Public Law and Private Law combines the market economy with the division of public law and private law and the benign interaction between them. But it only carries on the macroscopic discussion on the benign interaction between the public law and the private law, and there is no further research on how the public law specifically interferes with the private law. To sum up, there are few research results on this issue. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of public law and the malpractice of private law by combining the development of market economy, and at the same time, to discuss how public law should intervene in private law concretely. In order to come up with an appropriate and feasible scheme to realize the value of public law. This paper intends to collect a large number of research data on this issue, on the basis of previous research, on the necessity, conditions, principles and limits of public law intervention in private law put forward their own views. And use the following methods to analyze: historical analysis, explore the development of public law and theoretical background, with a historical perspective to analyze the original intention of public law intervention in private law, value, etc. Through the comparative study of public law intervention in private law, to find out the common views and differences of various countries on this issue, the literature method, to summarize the reading materials, to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of various views, Come up with your own point of view.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D920.0

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本文編號：1838452