本文選題：南非 + 海事賠償責(zé)任限制　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度是海商法中的一項(xiàng)重要制度，該制度賦予了船舶所有人等責(zé)任主體在面對(duì)海事請(qǐng)求人的索賠時(shí)將其責(zé)任限制在一定數(shù)額內(nèi)的權(quán)利，通過對(duì)船舶所有人等責(zé)任主體利益保護(hù)，使得這些責(zé)任主體愿意將更多的資本投入到航運(yùn)事業(yè)，推動(dòng)航運(yùn)業(yè)迅速穩(wěn)健的發(fā)展。 南非曾先后經(jīng)歷過荷蘭和英國的殖民統(tǒng)治，在海事法律制度上深受其影響，尤其在海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度上，更是從仿照英國法的基礎(chǔ)上建立和發(fā)展起來的，英國判例法中總結(jié)的一些法律規(guī)則也被南非法院審理海事糾紛案件時(shí)直接予以適用，因此，英國的成文法和判例法是南非海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的重要法律淵源。 海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的兩個(gè)重要國際公約，分別是《1957年責(zé)任限制公約》和《1976年責(zé)任限制公約》，主要包括海事賠償責(zé)任限制主體，海事賠償責(zé)任限制適用的船舶及海事請(qǐng)求、喪失責(zé)任限制的條件、責(zé)任限額以及責(zé)任限制基金等事項(xiàng)的規(guī)定。通過對(duì)比公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定來介紹南非的海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度的發(fā)展歷程，南非《商船法》在不同時(shí)期分別借鑒了兩個(gè)公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定，修改和完善本國的海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度，，建立了具有本國特色的海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度。南非2009年《商船法》在海事賠償責(zé)任限額及喪失責(zé)任限制的條件等內(nèi)容上吸收了國際公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定，特別是引進(jìn)了公約中的超額遞減金額制來計(jì)算責(zé)任限額，同時(shí)，在責(zé)任主體及適用的船舶和海事請(qǐng)求等事項(xiàng)上，根據(jù)國內(nèi)客觀發(fā)展情況又作出了與公約不同的規(guī)定。 在世界航運(yùn)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展的時(shí)代背景下，南非與我國在航運(yùn)業(yè)務(wù)上的交往越來越頻繁，航運(yùn)事務(wù)的愈加頻繁使得海上發(fā)生侵權(quán)事故和船舶碰撞事件的情況不斷發(fā)生，海事賠償糾紛案件也隨之增長，我國航運(yùn)企業(yè)必須了解南非的相關(guān)海事制度，以便應(yīng)對(duì)南非海事制度所帶來的沖擊和影響。通過介紹和分析南非海事賠償責(zé)任限制制度，我國航運(yùn)企業(yè)或其他相關(guān)人員在南非的涉外海事賠償責(zé)任限制糾紛案件中，及時(shí)選擇適用對(duì)自己有利的法律，維護(hù)自身的合法權(quán)益。
[Abstract]:The limitation system of maritime claim liability is an important system in maritime law, which gives the owner of the ship and other responsible subjects the right to limit their liability to a certain amount in the face of a claim by a maritime claimant. By protecting the interests of the responsible parties such as the shipowner, these responsible subjects are willing to put more capital into the shipping industry and promote the rapid and steady development of the shipping industry. South Africa has experienced the colonial rule of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, and has been deeply influenced by the maritime legal system, especially in the system of limitation of liability for maritime claims, which has been established and developed on the basis of imitation of English law. Some of the legal rules summarized in the case law of England are also applied directly by the courts of South Africa when they hear maritime disputes. Therefore, the statute law and case law of the United Kingdom are the important legal sources of the limitation system of liability for maritime claims in South Africa. Two important international conventions on the limitation of liability for maritime claims are the 1957 Convention on limitation of liability and the 1976 Convention on limitation of liability, which mainly include the subject of limitation of liability for maritime claims, the ships where the limitation of liability for maritime claims is applicable and the maritime claims. Conditions for loss of liability limitation, limitation of liability and limitation of liability fund, etc. By comparing the relevant provisions of the Convention to introduce the development of the limitation system of liability for maritime claims in South Africa, South Africa's Merchant Shipping Act has drawn lessons from the relevant provisions of the two conventions in different periods. The limitation system of maritime claim liability has been revised and perfected, and the limitation system of maritime claim liability has been established. South Africa's Merchant Shipping Act 2009 absorbs the relevant provisions of international conventions on the limits of liability for maritime claims and conditions for loss of liability, especially the introduction of the excess diminishing amount system in the Convention to calculate the limits of liability, and at the same time, On the subject of responsibility and the applicable ship and maritime claim, different provisions are made according to the domestic objective development. Under the background of the rapid development of the world shipping industry, the communication between South Africa and China in shipping business is becoming more and more frequent. With the increase of maritime claims disputes, China's shipping enterprises must understand the relevant maritime systems in South Africa in order to cope with the impact and impact of the maritime system in South Africa. By introducing and analyzing the limitation system of maritime claims liability in South Africa, our shipping enterprises or other related persons choose to apply the law that is beneficial to them in time in the dispute cases of maritime liability limitation involving foreign countries in South Africa. To safeguard one's own legitimate rights and interests.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D947;DD913

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 夏新華;英國法在非洲的本土化[J];西亞非洲;2001年03期

2 朱偉東;南非海事訴訟中的不方便法院原則[J];西亞非洲;2004年03期

3 倪學(xué)偉;;南非“關(guān)聯(lián)船舶”扣押制度初探——從“樂從”在南非遭遇扣押說起[J];珠江水運(yùn);2008年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 朱偉東;南非國際私法研究[D];武漢大學(xué);2005年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李爽;南非扣押關(guān)聯(lián)船法律制度及船東的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2001年

2 唐燕飛;海事賠償責(zé)任限制研究[D];上海海事大學(xué);2007年

本文編號(hào)：1777965