本文選題：唐宋 + 化外人之法律�。� 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：唐宋時期是中國封建社會的繁榮時期,也是對外交往最為活躍的時期。唐朝以其繁盛的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化,輔之以政府開放包容的政策,引來了化外人的來華朝貢；到了宋朝,經(jīng)濟(jì)文化空前繁榮,政府對化外人實行的鼓勵政策,進(jìn)一步吸引了大量的化外人來華朝貢、經(jīng)商、學(xué)習(xí),甚至居住在中國。對于這些在華生活的化外人,唐宋政府制定了相關(guān)的制度及法律,并設(shè)置了專門機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)管理。這造就了唐宋時期對外交往的繁盛局面。 本文主要從以下幾個方面進(jìn)行探討：首先,探討了唐宋時期化外人的相關(guān)法律,進(jìn)而分析當(dāng)時化外人在唐宋時代的生活以及法律地位。這主要從民事法律和經(jīng)濟(jì)法律兩方面來探討。其中民事法律包括居住權(quán)、教育權(quán)、政治權(quán)、婚姻權(quán)、財產(chǎn)及財產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)、宗教權(quán)、訴訟權(quán)等；經(jīng)濟(jì)法律主要從貿(mào)易法這一角度進(jìn)行分析。同時,從法律角度探究當(dāng)時唐宋時期的社會以及政府的對外政策。 其次,對唐宋政府針對化外人制定的法律進(jìn)行了比較分析,凸顯了唐宋時期化外人相關(guān)法律的特點,如唐宋政府對涉外法律基本原則的靈活運(yùn)用、唐宋時期政府對朝貢貿(mào)易與市舶貿(mào)易的側(cè)重、唐宋時期禮與法的關(guān)系、唐宋時期化外人相關(guān)法律的寬松比較、唐宋時期人們?nèi)A夷觀念的不同等,這些都是唐宋政府對外方面的不同之處。不管是思想方面還是行動上,都反映唐宋社會的轉(zhuǎn)型以及這一轉(zhuǎn)型對于政府外交政策的影響。 最后,“以史為鑒”,探討唐宋時期化外人相關(guān)法律所產(chǎn)生的影響。第一,唐宋時期涉及化外人的相關(guān)法律對于周邊國家制定針對外來人政策和法律有重大的指導(dǎo)意義。以日本尤為典刑,通過對比當(dāng)時唐日政府對化外人的管理以及所制定的法令進(jìn)行探討。主要從對外政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)兩個方面來看,如日本外交禮儀以及政府對外來人的處理方式、方法上,基本上依據(jù)唐律；經(jīng)濟(jì)上,政府對來日貿(mào)易的外來人所制定的一些法律法規(guī)等,也與唐宋如出一轍,甚至連涉外機(jī)構(gòu)也是以唐宋為藍(lán)本；外交方面更是如此,日本型的“華夷秩序”就是中國華夷秩序在日本的變異�？梢�,唐宋朝的律令制對于日本以及東亞的影響大,這也反映出當(dāng)時東亞文化圈的繁榮。同時,這對明清政府制定對外法律具有重大指導(dǎo)意義,如明清政府鑒于前代之失,在處理化外人的糾紛上完全運(yùn)用屬地法的原則,強(qiáng)調(diào)了中國對司法權(quán)的主權(quán)原則。此外,這對于當(dāng)今法制社會,尤其是隨著全球一體化的形成,中國在不知不覺中已經(jīng)卷入了世界這一整體的漩渦中的背景下,探討唐宋王朝對于化外人的法律規(guī)定顯得尤為必要,也可為當(dāng)今中國在國際事務(wù)或者處理涉外糾紛過程中提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:The Tang and Song dynasties were the prosperous period of Chinese feudal society and the most active period of external communication.The Tang Dynasty, with its flourishing politics, economy, and culture, accompanied by the government's policy of openness and tolerance, attracted tributes from outsiders to China. By the Song Dynasty, the economy and culture had never been more prosperous, and the government had adopted a policy of encouraging outsiders.Further attracted a large number of outsiders to pay tribute to China, business, study, and even live in China.For these outsiders living in China, the Tang and Song governments formulated relevant systems and laws, and set up special institutions to manage them.This created the Tang and Song dynasties foreign exchanges prosperous situation.This paper mainly discusses the following aspects: first, it discusses the relevant laws of the Tang and Song dynasties, and then analyzes the life and legal status of the outsiders in the Tang and Song dynasties.This is mainly from the two aspects of civil law and economic law.The civil law includes the right of residence, the right of education, the right of politics, the right of marriage, the right of inheritance of property and property, the right of religion, the right of litigation, etc. The economic law is mainly analyzed from the angle of trade law.At the same time, from the legal point of view, the Tang and Song dynasties, as well as the social and government foreign policy.Secondly, the author makes a comparative analysis of the laws made by the Tang and Song governments against foreigners, which highlights the characteristics of the relevant laws concerning the outsiders in the Tang and Song dynasties, such as the flexible application of the basic principles of the foreign-related laws by the Tang and Song governments.The emphasis of the government on tributary trade and ship trade in Tang and Song dynasties, the relationship between ritual and law in Tang and Song dynasties, the lenient comparison of laws related to outsiders in Tang and Song dynasties, and the different ideas of Chinese and foreigners in Tang and Song dynasties.These are the differences between the Tang and Song governments.Both in thought and in action, it reflects the transformation of Tang and Song society and its influence on the government's foreign policy.Finally, taking history as a mirror, this paper discusses the influence of the relevant laws in the Tang and Song dynasties.First, the relevant laws concerning outsiders in the Tang and Song dynasties have great guiding significance for the neighboring countries to formulate policies and laws for outsiders.By comparing the administration of the Tang government and the laws and decrees made by the government of Tang Dynasty.Mainly from the two aspects of foreign politics and economy, such as the Japanese diplomatic etiquette and the way the government deals with foreigners, the methods are basically based on the Tang Law; economically, some laws and regulations formulated by the government for the foreigners in the coming trade with Japan, and so on.It is the same as the Tang and Song dynasties, and even the foreign organizations are based on the Tang and Song dynasties, especially in the diplomatic field. The Japanese style of "Hua Yi order" is the variation of China's Chinese and Yi order in Japan.It can be seen that the Tang and Song dynasties had a great influence on Japan and East Asia, which also reflected the prosperity of the East Asian cultural circle at that time.At the same time, it has great guiding significance for the Ming and Qing governments to make foreign laws. For example, the Ming and Qing governments, in view of the loss of the previous generation, fully applied the principle of territorial law in dealing with disputes concerning outsiders, and emphasized the principle of China's sovereignty over judicial power.In addition, this is in the context of today's legal society, especially with the formation of global integration, China has unconsciously been involved in the whirlpool of the world as a whole.It is particularly necessary to discuss the legal provisions of Tang and Song dynasties for the outsiders, which can also be used as a reference for China in the course of international affairs or handling disputes concerning foreign affairs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D929

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