本文選題：荀子　切入點(diǎn)：分　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：目前學(xué)界關(guān)于荀子“分”思想的全面體系性研究尚付闕如。本文以荀子“分”思想為研究主題，力求通過(guò)對(duì)文本的分析、提煉和闡釋，從法哲學(xué)的視角揭示荀子“分”思想的基本面相和體系構(gòu)成，并闡明其當(dāng)下意義。全文共分為九個(gè)部分。 第一章導(dǎo)論部分圍繞“為何以及如何研究荀子的‘分’思想”這一問(wèn)題展開論述，力圖闡明“為何研究”以及“如何研究”荀子“分”思想這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。 第二章首先研究了“分”的語(yǔ)源和詞義，揭示了其形式上的變遷過(guò)程，繼而對(duì)作為法哲學(xué)范疇的“分”的含義變遷情況進(jìn)行了考析。 第三章從縱、橫兩個(gè)維度對(duì)先秦時(shí)期“分”思想的總體圖景進(jìn)行了一個(gè)全景式分析。從縱的方面來(lái)說(shuō)，先秦時(shí)期的“分”思想經(jīng)歷了孕育、萌生、興盛的發(fā)展過(guò)程；從橫的方面來(lái)說(shuō)，先秦諸子的“分”思想可以梳分為“無(wú)分”、“有分”和“非分”三種類型。這一部分的討論意在為之后全面研討荀子的“分”思想提供一個(gè)富有立體感的思想背景。 第四章從對(duì)荀子思想獨(dú)特的致思框架的論析入手，通過(guò)與孔、孟儒家思想的比較，以及對(duì)《荀子》文本的梳理與考察，對(duì)荀子“分”思想進(jìn)行了一個(gè)綜述性的描繪，揭示了荀子“分”思想的基本面相。 第五章討論了荀子“分”思想的根據(jù)，認(rèn)為荀子通過(guò)闡述其天人觀確立了“分”思想的終極根據(jù)，通過(guò)闡述其人性觀確立了“分”思想的人性根據(jù)，，通過(guò)闡述其名實(shí)觀確立了“分”思想的理論根據(jù)。 第六章分析了荀子關(guān)于“分”的意義的論述，認(rèn)為荀子通過(guò)討論“群”這個(gè)概念，揭示了“分”的社會(huì)意義；通過(guò)討論“治”這個(gè)概念，揭示了“分”的政治意義。 第七章分析了荀子關(guān)于“分”的厘定的論述。荀子認(rèn)為圣人和圣王是定分的主體，應(yīng)該遵循等差有別原則、論德量能原則和統(tǒng)合整一原則，采取禮法并重、隆禮重法的方式來(lái)厘定社會(huì)成員的職分。 第八章分析了荀子關(guān)于“分”的遵守的論述。荀子認(rèn)為包括君王在內(nèi)的所有社會(huì)成員都應(yīng)該按照一定的要求和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)恪守各自的職分。對(duì)于那些僭越禮法，違背職分的行為，應(yīng)該通過(guò)法律來(lái)施以強(qiáng)制矯正；對(duì)于那些持禮守分，尊法敬分的行為，則應(yīng)該通過(guò)明定的慶賞手段加以鼓勵(lì)和倡揚(yáng)。 第九部分包括三個(gè)內(nèi)容：一是回應(yīng)了一個(gè)可能的疑問(wèn)，即“分”思想緣何只是在先秦時(shí)期曇花一現(xiàn)，而在秦漢以后的中國(guó)政治法律思想史上卻逐漸趨于泯滅不彰？二是對(duì)“分”與源自西方法律文化的“權(quán)利”、“義務(wù)”概念進(jìn)了比較，揭示了其同異；三是對(duì)荀子“分”思想的當(dāng)代價(jià)值進(jìn)行了分析，闡明了其當(dāng)下意義。
[Abstract]:At present, there is no systematic study on Xunzi's thought of "Fen" in academic circles. This paper takes Xunzi's thought of "Fen" as the research theme, and tries to analyze, refine and explain the text. From the perspective of philosophy of law, this paper reveals the basic aspects and system composition of Xunzi's thought of "division", and clarifies its current significance. The full text is divided into nine parts. The first chapter focuses on the question of why and how to study Xunzi's thought of "division", and tries to clarify the two questions of "why study" and "how to study the thought of Xunzi". The second chapter first studies the etymology and meaning of "Fen", reveals the process of its change in form, and then makes an analysis of the meaning change of "Fen" as a category of philosophy of law. The third chapter analyzes the overall picture of the thought of "sub-division" in the pre-Qin period from the vertical and horizontal dimensions. From the longitudinal point of view, the thought of "sub-division" in the pre-Qin period has experienced the development process of gestation, initiation and prosperity. In a horizontal way, The thought of "division" of the pre-Qin philosophers can be divided into three types: "no distinction", "there is difference" and "non-distinction". This part of the discussion is intended to provide a three-dimensional ideological background for the overall study of Xun Zi's thought of "division". The fourth chapter begins with the analysis of Xunzi's unique frame of thought, through the comparison of Confucius and Mencius' Confucian thought, and combs and inspects the text of Xunzi, and describes Xunzi's idea of "division" in a comprehensive way. It reveals the basic aspects of Xunzi's thought of "division". The fifth chapter discusses the basis of Xunzi's thought of "division", and thinks that Xunzi has established the ultimate basis of the thought of "division" by expounding his view of nature and man, and has established the basis of human nature of his thought of "division" by expounding his view of human nature. By expounding its concept of name and reality, the theoretical basis of the idea of "division" is established. The sixth chapter analyzes Xunzi's exposition on the meaning of "division", thinks that Xunzi reveals the social significance of "division" by discussing the concept of "group", and reveals the political significance of "division" by discussing the concept of "governance". The seventh chapter analyzes Xunzi's argumentation on the determination of "division". Xunzi thinks that saints and sacred kings are the subjects of the determination of division, and should follow the principle of equality and difference, discuss the principle of virtue, measure ability and integration, and adopt the principle of propriety and law. To determine the duties of members of the community in a manner that reinforces the law. The eighth chapter analyzes Xunzi's exposition on the observance of "division". Xunzi believes that all members of society, including kings, should abide by their respective duties in accordance with certain requirements and standards. The law should be used to enforce the correction, and the behavior of honoring and honouring the law should be encouraged and promoted by the prescribed means of appreciation. The ninth part includes three contents: first, it responds to a possible question, that is, why the thought of "division" is only a flash in the pan in the pre-Qin period, but gradually tends to vanish in the history of Chinese political and legal thought after the Qin and Han dynasties? Second, it compares the concept of "right" and "obligation" from western legal culture, and reveals its similarities and differences; third, it analyzes the contemporary value of Xun Zi's thought of "division" and clarifies its current significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D909.2

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