本文選題：法概念　切入點：合法性價值　出處：《中國政法大學》2011年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：法概念問題——也就是“什么是法律”的問題——是法哲學的核心議題。這個問題之所以古老和重要,端在于作為法律實踐反思結(jié)構(gòu)的合法性價值之規(guī)范證立性。合法性價值指涉的是法律實踐自身的本旨或理性。圍繞合法性價值而產(chǎn)生的競爭性詮釋塑造了不同的法律概念觀,一種適格的概念理論即是以一種內(nèi)在參與者的視角來提出和確證何種合法性觀念是最值得辯護的。 以近三十多年以來法律實證主義與德沃金的理論論辯為背景,根據(jù)法概念與合法性價值的問題聯(lián)結(jié),我們可以用效率、公平以及整全性三種合法性價值來組織有關(guān)法律之概念本質(zhì)的思考。其中,一方面,不同的合法性價值直接會導致對實證主義來源命題的支持和反對;另一方面,對合法性價值獨特性的準確理解又有賴于合法性環(huán)境這個概念工具。按照這兩個思路,以效率為中心的合法性價值強調(diào),法律的本旨在于通過可預期性和合理規(guī)劃的方式來確保對行為的指引以及促進社會合作。效率價值為實證主義的來源命題提供了道德證立。此其一。其二,以公平為中心的合法性價值認為,法律的本旨在于運用公平程序解決廣泛存在于現(xiàn)代社會的合理分歧。然而,基于民主多數(shù)決的公平論證是失敗的,其偏頗地依賴于決定程序而忽略了審議程序;對理性審議程序的強調(diào)則導致公平價值不再支持實證主義的來源命題。其三,以整全性為中心的合法性價值主張,法律的本旨在于政府以一個聲音說話,以一個具原則性且融貫的方式來行動,進而以平等關(guān)懷和尊重的正義原則來完成全社會的價值統(tǒng)合。 實際上,合法性作為一種價值概念,其毋寧反映了法治這一政治理念。以合法性價值為主軸的法概念探究其實也是在直接回答法治問題,法律和法治應(yīng)該放在一起來綜合思考。有鑒于此,效率、公平以及整全性三種合法性價值與形式法治觀、程序法治觀以及實質(zhì)法治觀可以建立一一對應(yīng)的關(guān)系。在這個意義上,對三種合法性價值的判定也就是重新梳理和思考形式法治觀、程序法治觀和實質(zhì)法治觀三種法治觀念。 基于對現(xiàn)代社會之多元復雜性的診斷,我們認為完全著重于法律的來源與形式的實證主義及形式法治觀所提供的是一種不充分的法律想象。相反,程序法治觀和德沃金的實質(zhì)法治觀則敢于面對價值多元和合理分歧的合法性環(huán)境,從而把以正義原則為內(nèi)容的程序性理由論辯許諾為法律的核心本質(zhì)。當然,這個法律的想象并沒有完全舍棄法律的制度性來源和法治的形式品質(zhì),因為在日常政治的條件下,法律的制度性來源是原則重構(gòu)的依據(jù),法律的權(quán)威頒布則使程序性理由論辯獲得實在的形式。因此,一種充分的法律概念理論需要把法律的形式性道德、程序性道德以及實質(zhì)性道德貫通起來。概言之,在多元復雜的現(xiàn)代社會下,法律的價值或本旨乃是在既有制度和歷史的基礎(chǔ)上,透過程序性的理由論辯,找到一種公共正義觀念并且是最佳的公共正義觀念來代表共同體。只有透過形式性的來源、程序性的理由論辯以及實質(zhì)性的正義原則這三個面向,我們才能把握法治這一政治理想,以及法律概念的本質(zhì)屬性。
[Abstract]:Law concept -- "what is law" -- is the core issue of philosophy of law. This problem is ancient and important, as is the end of normative legitimacy value of legal practice reflection structure of justification of legitimacy. The value refers to the legal practice of the purpose or reason itself. The interpretation of competition the value of legality have created different legal concept, a concept lattice theory is in a perspective of internal participant proposed and confirmed the legitimacy of what the concept is worth defending.
Nearly thirty years since the theory of argumentation of legal positivism and Dworkin as the background, according to the connection of the concept of law and the legitimacy of value problem, we can use efficiency, fairness and integrity on the three legal value to organize concepts related to essential law. Among them, on the one hand, the legitimacy of different values will directly lead to the source of support and oppose proposition of positivism; on the other hand, to understand the unique value of the legitimacy and legitimacy depends on the concept of environment tools. According to these two ideas, legal value for efficiency that law aims at the predictability and reasonable planning to ensure the the guidance and promotion of social cooperation. Efficiency provides a moral justification for the value proposition of positivism. The source of this one. Second, the legitimacy of the center for fair value to that method The purpose of law lies in the reasonable use fair procedure to solve differences exist widely in modern society. However, the majority of democratic fair argument is based on a failure, the bias depends on the decision procedure and ignore the deliberation procedure; to emphasize the rational deliberation procedure leads to the fair value of the source of legal positivism is no longer supported. Third, the legitimacy of the value proposition to the whole of the center for the purpose of the law, the government speak with one voice, in a principled and consistent way to act on the principle of justice and equal concern and respect to the end value of the whole society integration.
In fact, legitimacy as a value concept, it should reflect this idea of political legitimacy to the rule of law. As the main method of value concepts is in fact answer legal problems directly, law and rule of law should be put together comprehensive thinking. Therefore, efficiency, fairness and integrity of the three legal value with the form of the concept of the rule of law, rule of law and the essence of the concept of rule of law in view of the program can establish a one-to-one relationship. In this sense, to judge the legitimacy of the three value is re combing and thinking form the concept of the rule of law, procedure law concept of three kinds of the concept of the rule of law and essence of the concept of rule of law.
Diagnosis of the modern society based on the multiple complexity, we think that the rule of law and forms of positivism and form completely focuses on the legal concept provides a sufficient legal imagination. On the contrary, the procedural rule of law and Dworkin's concept of the rule of law is the courage to face the essence of value pluralism and legal environment and reasonable differences. The principle of justice for the content of the program is the core essence of legal argumentation for promise. Of course, this law does not completely abandon the thought of legal system and rule of law in the form of the source of quality, because in everyday political conditions, institutional sources of law is the principle of reconstruction based on the authority of the law is promulgated the procedural reason argument actual form. Therefore, a concept of law theory need to fully legal form of moral, moral and procedural substantive moral breakthrough . in a word, in modern society, diverse and complex, the value of the law or the purpose of which is in the foundation of existing institutional and historical reasons, through the procedures of the argument, to find a public conception of justice is also the best public conception of justice to represent the community. Only through the source form of reason, argument program the principle of justice and substantive these three aspects, we can grasp the rule of the political ideal and legal concept of nature.

【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D90

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 范立波;;分離命題與法律實證主義[J];法律科學(西北政法大學學報);2009年02期

2 范立波;;論法律規(guī)范性的概念與來源[J];法律科學(西北政法大學學報);2010年04期

3 劉葉深;;法律概念分析的性質(zhì)[J];法律科學(西北政法大學學報);2011年01期

4 舒國瀅;尋訪法學的問題立場——兼談“論題學法學”的思考方式[J];法學研究;2005年03期

5 陳景輝;;規(guī)則、道德衡量與法律推理[J];中國法學;2008年05期

6 鄭永流;;實踐法律觀要義——以轉(zhuǎn)型中的中國為出發(fā)點[J];中國法學;2010年03期

7 鄧正來;約瑟夫·拉茲;朱振;;關(guān)于道德與政治哲學視野中的法律哲學的對話(下)[J];哲學研究;2010年03期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 苗炎;哈特法律規(guī)范性理論研究[D];吉林大學;2007年

2 朱振;實踐理由、權(quán)威與來源命題[D];吉林大學;2007年

，

本文編號：1645380