本文選題：朱元璋　切入點：明刑弼教　出處：《安徽大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：朱元璋建立明王朝之后,為了應(yīng)對建國初期治理國家的需要,針對貪官污吏、奸頑豪富以及猖獗的賊盜,不僅施以重典治之,而且推行法外用刑。為了收到更好的整治效果,他一方面提倡“法貴簡明”,一方面又特別重視法制宣傳與預防犯罪,將“明刑弼教”作為明代立法和司法活動的主要指導思想。由于受當時歷史背景的影響,以致他的這一思想較前人更富有實踐性和針對性。不可否認,這種思想對于當時的社會同時產(chǎn)生了積極和消極的影響,雖然消極的一面總體要大于積極的一面,但是對于我國當今的法制建設(shè)也還是有一些值得我們深思的教訓和可借鑒的經(jīng)驗。 本文共四部分,在第一部分中,主要講述了朱元璋“明刑弼教”思想形成的歷史背景�；趯ο嚓P(guān)史料的整理分析,筆者從主觀和客觀兩個方面著手闡述,主觀方面有朱元璋個人出身、經(jīng)歷和性格的使然以及傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)治經(jīng)驗的影響；客觀方面有對元朝覆滅教訓的總結(jié)和明初社會現(xiàn)狀的推動。通過分析這些原因,得出了朱元璋提出“明刑弼教”思想真正的社會動機,為文章的下一部分做足鋪墊。而正是基于此種原因使得該部分的闡述具有較強的中立性和客觀性。 在第二部分中,通過分析“明刑弼教”思想的淵源和特點,詮釋了“明刑弼教”思想的實質(zhì)內(nèi)容,提出了朱元璋“明刑弼教”思想的主要特點：重新調(diào)整了“刑”和“教”之間的關(guān)系；加大“刑”手段在社會治理中的運用；強化“教”手段的宣傳教育功能。力求論述全面、具體,思路清晰、簡明。 在第三部分中,論述了朱元璋“明刑弼教”思想在當時法律生活中的具體體現(xiàn),根據(jù)“明刑弼教”立法和司法指導思想下的刑罰調(diào)整對象的不同,分別論述了重典治吏和重典治民兩個方面,并且著重論述了在重典治吏六個方面的具體體現(xiàn)。其實,只要是為了保障朱元璋專制統(tǒng)治的強制手段,都是“明刑弼教”思想指導下的政策特征,其實質(zhì)都是為達到維護社會穩(wěn)定的政治統(tǒng)治目的。 在第四部分中,從積極和消極兩個方面總結(jié)了“明刑弼教”思想對當時法制社會的影響,提出了可供當前我國特色社會主義法制建設(shè)借鑒的幾個方面,力圖達到古為今用的目標。
[Abstract]:After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, in response to the need to govern the country in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, aimed at corrupt officials, the traitorous rich and the rampant thieves and thieves, not only imposed severe punishment on it, but also carried out extrajudicial punishment. On the one hand, he advocated "simplicity of law", on the other hand, he paid special attention to legal publicity and crime prevention. He regarded "Ming Dynasty Bishi" as the main guiding ideology of the legislative and judicial activities of the Ming Dynasty. As a result, his thought was more practical and relevant than his predecessors. Undeniably, this thought had both positive and negative effects on the society at that time, although the negative side was generally larger than the positive side. However, there are still some lessons to be learned and lessons to be used for reference in the construction of legal system in our country. There are four parts in this paper. In the first part, the author mainly describes the historical background of the formation of Zhu Yuanzhang's thought of "Ming Dynasty Bishi". Based on the analysis of relevant historical data, the author starts from the subjective and objective aspects. The subjective aspect includes Zhu Yuanzhang's personal background, experience and character, and the influence of the traditional ruling experience; the objective aspect is the summary of the Yuan Dynasty's downfall lessons and the promotion of the current social situation in the early Ming Dynasty. Through the analysis of these reasons, It is concluded that Zhu Yuanzhang put forward the real social motive of the thought of "Ming Dynasty Bishi", which paves the way for the next part of the article, and it is precisely for this reason that the elaboration of this part has strong neutrality and objectivity. In the second part, by analyzing the origin and characteristics of the thought of "Ming Dynasty Bishi", it explains the essential content of "Ming Dynasty Bishi" thought. This paper puts forward the main features of Zhu Yuanzhang's thought of "Bishi": readjusting the relationship between "punishment" and "teaching"; increasing the application of "punishment" in social governance; strengthening the propaganda and education function of "teaching" means; Concrete, clear thinking, concise. In the third part, it discusses the concrete embodiment of Zhu Yuanzhang's thought of "Bishi of the Ming punishment" in the legal life of that time, according to the difference of the object of the punishment adjustment under the legislation and the judicial guiding ideology of the "Ming Dynasty Bishi". In this paper, the author discusses the two aspects of the administration of officials and the government of the people, and emphasizes on the concrete embodiment of the six aspects of the administration of officials. In fact, as long as it is to ensure the compulsory means of Zhu Yuanzhang's autocratic rule, Both of them are the policy characteristics under the guidance of the thought of "Bishi", and their essence is to achieve the purpose of political rule to maintain social stability. In the 4th part, the author summarizes the influence of the thought of "Ming Dynasty Bishi" on the legal society at that time from the positive and negative aspects, and puts forward several aspects that can be used for reference in the construction of the legal system of socialism with Chinese characteristics at present. Strive to achieve the goal of using the past for the present.
【學位授予單位】：安徽大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D929

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本文編號：1632318