本文選題：清代　切入點(diǎn)：民事審判　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：長(zhǎng)久以來(lái),清代民事審判制度的性質(zhì)就是中外法律史學(xué)界最點(diǎn)的話(huà)題之一。其中以滋賀秀三為代表的日本學(xué)者和以黃宗智為代表的美國(guó)學(xué)者相繼提出清代中國(guó)民事訴訟乃“以情論”和“依法論”的結(jié)論。然而,縱觀《歷代判例判牘》中所記載的大量清代司法實(shí)踐,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)清代的民事審判既沒(méi)有像黃宗智所宣稱(chēng)的那樣嚴(yán)格“依律法裁判”,也沒(méi)有像滋賀秀三所描述的那樣“翻云覆雨”,而是在平衡兩造利益原則下的一種“衡平裁判”。當(dāng)然,中國(guó)的“衡平裁判”并不同于西方嚴(yán)格意義上的衡平法。也正是在此基礎(chǔ)上,導(dǎo)致了中國(guó)獨(dú)具特色的傳統(tǒng)司法文化的形成。 本篇文章通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)有清代司法理論的相關(guān)評(píng)價(jià),在分析大量的清代地方民事司法審判的基礎(chǔ)之上,總結(jié)出清代的民事司法審判實(shí)質(zhì)上是從“利益”的視角出發(fā),以平衡涉案雙方的利益為目的,通過(guò)對(duì)“法”與“情”二要素的綜合運(yùn)用,進(jìn)而化解案件當(dāng)事人之間的恩怨與糾紛,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)維護(hù)大清帝國(guó)的統(tǒng)治秩序與穩(wěn)定的終極目標(biāo)。這種獨(dú)特的“衡平裁判”的司法文化具有不可替代的社會(huì)功能,是與當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)相適應(yīng)的。
[Abstract]:For a long time, one of the most properties of the civil judicial system in Qing Dynasty is the Chinese and foreign legal history topic. Among them with Shiga Luoxiu 3rd as the representative of the Japanese scholars and with Huang Zongzhi as the representative of the United States have been proposed in the Qing Dynasty China civil litigation is "emotion theory" and "law theory" conclusion. However, in the case of past dynasties "to record a large number of slips" judicial practice of Qing Dynasty, we can find the civil trial in the Qing Dynasty is not like Huang Zongzhi's claim that "in accordance with the law strictly judge", nor as "like Shiga Luoxiu 3rd as changeable as clouds and rain" described a "equitable judgment", but in principle, both the balance of interests in the course. China, the "equitable judgment" is different from the West in the strict sense of equity. It is on this basis, leads to the formation of the traditional judicial culture China unique.
This article is based on the existing theory of judicial appraisal of the Qing Dynasty, on the basis of analysis of a large number of the Qing Dynasty local civil justice foundation, summed up the Qing Dynasty civil judicial trial is essentially from the angle of "interest" perspective, in order to balance the interests of both parties involved for the purpose, through the comprehensive use of "law" and "feeling" the two elements, and then resolve grievances and disputes between the parties, and ultimately achieve the ultimate goal of maintaining the rule of order and stability of the Qing Empire. This unique "equitable judgment" of the judicial culture has irreplaceable social function, and then Chinese to adapt to the social reality.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D929;D926

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