本文選題：論題學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：法學(xué)方法　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：亞里斯多德在《論題篇》中最早闡明了作為邏輯學(xué)重要補(bǔ)充的論題學(xué)理論，而西塞羅在同名著作中進(jìn)一步演示出論題學(xué)可以如何結(jié)合法律案例進(jìn)行實(shí)踐。作為一種全新的法學(xué)方法啟蒙，西塞羅在案例適用中的基本原理如同菲韋格所認(rèn)為的那樣：發(fā)軔自修辭學(xué)的論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法之多向度思維介入，去構(gòu)建一個(gè)全新的論題目錄體系。因此，不妨將西塞羅結(jié)合論題學(xué)的法律實(shí)踐所蘊(yùn)涵的法學(xué)方法稱(chēng)為西塞羅論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法。 法學(xué)作為一門(mén)實(shí)踐的科學(xué),它孕育于社會(huì)生活的土壤，并反哺社會(huì)以促其發(fā)展。適用于奴隸制社會(huì)的西塞羅論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法,顯然難以擔(dān)當(dāng)與現(xiàn)代紛繁的社會(huì)相契合的使命。于是，融入諸種價(jià)值考量的新論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法呼之欲出。與原有的論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法相比，其在類(lèi)比等置之后增補(bǔ)了兩個(gè)步驟：一是對(duì)圍繞該漏洞問(wèn)題的諸價(jià)值進(jìn)行先分解后綜合的探討，即將其關(guān)諸道德、利益及其他法學(xué)外部的價(jià)值逐一羅列并根據(jù)其重要性進(jìn)行位階排序；二是將類(lèi)比等置的結(jié)論置于道德等價(jià)值背景下考量，以期找出沖突之處，并針對(duì)沖突的性質(zhì)對(duì)原論題目錄加以修正。 繼而引用兩種圖爾敏模式對(duì)應(yīng)于兩種論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法進(jìn)行深入淺出的解析。其中西塞羅論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法對(duì)應(yīng)的是欠缺價(jià)值考量的圖爾敏原始模式，簡(jiǎn)單拙樸的基本建構(gòu)已初見(jiàn)雛形，適用于階級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的奴隸社會(huì)而滯后于復(fù)雜多變的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)；而新論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法對(duì)應(yīng)的是加入了價(jià)值考量的非單調(diào)的圖爾敏修正模式，更能與現(xiàn)今社會(huì)的紛繁復(fù)雜情形相契合。 接下來(lái)明確了新論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法的哲學(xué)前提是實(shí)用主義哲學(xué)，并對(duì)實(shí)用主義哲學(xué)及其對(duì)新論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法的影響加以闡發(fā)。實(shí)用主義哲學(xué)著眼于“具有什么樣可以想象的實(shí)際效果”，秉持“一種獲得方向的態(tài)度”，向與流動(dòng)著的“事實(shí)”更為契合的真理做更進(jìn)一步的探索。這樣一種科學(xué)的精神，使得新論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法能契合變動(dòng)不居的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)而常變常新。 最后描述了將新論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法如何應(yīng)用于司法實(shí)務(wù)，，以期對(duì)論題學(xué)法學(xué)方法的實(shí)踐與理論良性互動(dòng)的未來(lái)全面發(fā)展有所啟示。
[Abstract]:Aristotle first expounded the theory of argumentation as an important supplement to logic in his thesis. And Cicero, in his book of the same name, further demonstrates how argumentology can be combined with legal cases to practice. The basic principle of Cicero's case application is as Viehweger thinks: the multi-directional thinking of the method of thematic law originating from rhetoric is involved to construct a brand new system of subject catalogue. The legal method contained in Cicero's legal practice combined with argumentation may be called Cicero's legal method of argumentation. Law, as a practical science, is conceived in the soil of social life and nurtured society to promote its development. Obviously, it is difficult to take on the mission of consonance with modern and complicated society. Therefore, new methods of thematic jurisprudence, which are integrated with various value considerations, are on the rise. Compared with the original methods of thematic jurisprudence, It adds two steps after analogical equalization: first, to discuss the value of the loophole first and then synthetically, that is to say, to put it into morality. Interest and other external values of jurisprudence are listed one by one and ranked according to their importance; second, the conclusion of analogy equalization is considered in the context of values such as morality, in order to find out the conflict. According to the nature of the conflict, the original catalogue is revised. Then two kinds of Tourmin models are used to analyze the two methods of argumentation, among which Cicero's approach corresponds to the original model of Tourmin, which lacks value consideration. The basic construction of simplicity and simplicity has begun to take shape, which is suitable for the slave society with simple class structure and lags behind the complex and changeable modern society. It is more compatible with the complicated and complicated situation of the present society. Then it is clear that the philosophical premise of the new methodology of jurisprudence is pragmatism philosophy. The pragmatism philosophy and its influence on the law method of the new argumentation are expounded. The pragmatism philosophy aims at "what kind of imaginable practical effect", and holds "a kind of attitude to obtain the direction", and moves toward and flows. The "facts" of the more consistent truth for further exploration. Such a scientific spirit, So that the new methodology of jurisprudence can adapt to the changing social reality and often change to new. In the end, the author describes how to apply the new law method to the judicial practice, in order to enlighten the future development of the practice and theory of the law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D90

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