本文關(guān)鍵詞： 權(quán)衡 疑難案件 商談 程序　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文所討論的權(quán)衡理論是建立在哈貝馬斯的商談理論和阿列克西的法律論證理論與原則權(quán)衡理論基礎(chǔ)之上的,用于解決法官在傳統(tǒng)司法模式中遭遇的疑難案件與法律論證之難題的一種方法理論。十九世紀(jì)興起的概念法學(xué)主張以涵攝的方式進(jìn)行司法裁決,將已經(jīng)制定好的完備的法律規(guī)范與具體的案件事實(shí)相結(jié)合,通過(guò)邏輯計(jì)算即可得出案件的結(jié)論。這種裁決方式能夠避免法官在審判中創(chuàng)造法律,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)司法與立法的分離。然而進(jìn)入二十世紀(jì),隨著文明的發(fā)展,社會(huì)生活的進(jìn)步,利益紛爭(zhēng)呈現(xiàn)多元化,反映在司法領(lǐng)域中,法官經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到一些棘手的案件,以往的涵攝方法無(wú)法對(duì)案件中呈現(xiàn)的利益紛爭(zhēng)與沖突進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)與選擇,因此遭到了許多學(xué)者的質(zhì)疑和批判。利益法學(xué)彌補(bǔ)了概念法學(xué)的上述不足,以-種利益衡量的方式審視相關(guān)利益、表達(dá)法律價(jià)值,有助于實(shí)現(xiàn)判決的妥當(dāng)性,然而利益法學(xué)自身也存在著先天的不足,利益衡量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問(wèn)題就是它的一個(gè)“硬傷”。權(quán)衡理論對(duì)利益衡量理論進(jìn)行了適當(dāng)?shù)难a(bǔ)充和完善,提供了一種新的思路,即通過(guò)理性的商談對(duì)話方式對(duì)沖突的利益進(jìn)行價(jià)值對(duì)比、衡量與選擇,在參與主體方面實(shí)現(xiàn)了從法官的獨(dú)白向論辯雙方主體共同參與的轉(zhuǎn)換,并通過(guò)程序性規(guī)定對(duì)論辯的公平性、自主性進(jìn)行保障,在實(shí)現(xiàn)利益最大化的同時(shí)確保論辯結(jié)果即案件判決的合理性和妥當(dāng)性。 本文分為六個(gè)部分： 第一部分,引言。這部分對(duì)本文的寫(xiě)作緣起、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、核心問(wèn)題以及研究目的進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要的介紹。 第二部分,傳統(tǒng)司法模式面臨的困境——權(quán)衡的實(shí)踐需求。這部分是介紹在傳統(tǒng)的司法模式中,法官進(jìn)行司法審判會(huì)遭遇的兩個(gè)方面的困境,一方面是疑難案件的困擾,另一方面是法律論證的難題。正是由于司法實(shí)踐中存在以上兩個(gè)方面的難題和困境,從而產(chǎn)生了對(duì)于權(quán)衡理論的實(shí)踐需求。 第三部分,權(quán)衡的歷史淵源和成長(zhǎng)背景。權(quán)衡理論是建立在利益法學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)之上,彌補(bǔ)利益法學(xué)的不足,對(duì)利益法學(xué)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和完善而產(chǎn)生的一種理論。因此,這一部分主要介紹的是概念法學(xué)的式微、利益法學(xué)的興起以及利益法學(xué)受到的質(zhì)疑和批判。權(quán)衡理論彌補(bǔ)了利益法學(xué)的缺陷,并進(jìn)行了擴(kuò)展和完善。 第四部分,權(quán)衡的理論基礎(chǔ)。權(quán)衡的理論基礎(chǔ)主要是哈貝馬斯的商談理論和阿列克西的法律論證理論與原則權(quán)衡理論。依據(jù)哈貝馬斯的商談理論以及與之相關(guān)的真理共識(shí)論的真理標(biāo)準(zhǔn),可以將司法過(guò)程視為一個(gè)通過(guò)交往對(duì)話而尋求共識(shí)的過(guò)程,這個(gè)過(guò)程需要依靠理想的言談情境作為充分說(shuō)理和自由論辯的保障,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)論辯結(jié)果合理性。阿列克西的法律論證理論與哈貝馬斯的商談理論一脈相承,對(duì)論辯的規(guī)則進(jìn)行了闡述,而原則權(quán)衡理論則為大前提的選擇提供了思路。 第五部分,權(quán)衡的理論意蘊(yùn)歸結(jié)與反思。首先,從四個(gè)方面對(duì)權(quán)衡的理論義涵進(jìn)行歸結(jié),試圖揭示它的本質(zhì)；其次,對(duì)權(quán)衡的基本特征進(jìn)行再思與闡釋?zhuān)蛔詈?對(duì)權(quán)衡理論的不足進(jìn)行檢討,并試圖做出合理的解釋以打消懷疑者的顧慮。 第六部分,結(jié)論。對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)。本文所欲達(dá)到的目的是通過(guò)對(duì)權(quán)衡理論的分析,對(duì)我國(guó)的司法實(shí)踐產(chǎn)生一定的啟示作用,也希望通過(guò)對(duì)權(quán)衡理論的闡述,能夠?yàn)槲覈?guó)司法創(chuàng)造一個(gè)民主、高效的審判環(huán)境做出一點(diǎn)微薄的貢獻(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The trade-off theory this paper discussed the theory of legal argumentation and principles based on the discourse theory of Habermas and Alexy on the basis of the trade-off theory, a method for the theory of problem solving difficult cases encountered in traditional judicial justice mode and legal argument. In nineteenth Century the rise of the concept of law and the way of judicial adjudication Yihan. That will have formulated a complete legal norms and specific facts combined by logical computation can come to the conclusion of the case. The ruling way can avoid the judges to create the law, so as to realize the separation of judicial and legislative. However in twentieth Century, with the development of civilization, social progress, conflicts of interest the diversified, reflected in the judicial field, the judges often encounter some difficult cases, subsumtion previous methods to the case The interests of disputes and conflicts in the evaluation and selection, therefore was questioned and criticized by many scholars. The interests of law made up for the shortage of law concept, with a look at measure the interests of stakeholders, the expression of the legal value, contribute to the realization of the judgment of the appropriateness, but also has its own inherent law interests the lack of standard measure of interest is a "flawed". It is the trade-off theory and perfect the appropriate supplement the theory of balancing of interests, and provides a new way of thinking, namely through rational negotiation and dialogue on conflictinginterests value comparison, measurement and selection, in the main body to achieve a conversion participation of judges from monologue to argumentation of both parties, and the procedural provisions of the argument to guarantee fairness, independence, in achieving the maximum benefits to ensure the argument node The result is the reasonableness and appropriateness of the case judgment.
This article is divided into six parts:
The first part, introduction. This part gives a brief introduction to the origin of the writing, the current research status at home and abroad, the core issues and the purpose of the study.
The second part: the practice of the predicament needs to weigh the traditional judicial mode. This part is introduced in the traditional judicial mode, the judicial trial will encounter the two aspects of the predicament, one is the difficult cases of distress, on the other hand is the legal argumentation problem. It is because of the above two aspects the judicial practice of the existing problems and difficulties, resulting in the trade-off theory practice needs.
The third part, the historical origin and the background of trade-offs. The trade-off theory is based on the interests of the law, to make up for lack of interest law, a kind of theory to supplement and perfect the interests of law. Therefore, this part mainly introduces the concept of law is the type of micro, the rise of law and the jurisprudence of interests by questioning and criticism. The trade-off theory makes up the defect of legal interests, and was expanded and perfected.
The fourth part, the theoretical basis of trade-offs. Theoretical basis of the trade-off is mainly the theory of legal argumentation and the principle of the discourse theory of Habermas and Alexy. According to Habermas's theory of discourse theory and the consensus theory of truth truth standard, can be regarded as a judicial process and seek consensus through dialogue and communication process, the the process relies on the ideal speech situation as fully on the freedom of reasoning and protection, so as to realize the rationality of legal argumentation theory. The argument with Habermas Alexy's discourse theory and sentiments, arguments of the rule are described, and the principle of balance theory is the premise of the selection provides a train of thought.
The fifth part, the trade-off theory of meaning and reflection resolution. First, from the four aspects of meaning attributed trade-off theory, tries to reveal the essence of it; secondly, the basic features of the balance of rethinking and interpretation; finally, the lack of the trade-off theory review, and try to make a reasonable explanation to dispel sceptics worry.
The sixth part, the conclusion. A summary of the full text. The purpose is to analyze the trade-off theory, have certain enlightenment to our country's judicial practice, also hope that through the trade-off theory, to create a democracy for our country judicature, efficient judicial environment make a little contribution.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D90;D916

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 崔穎華;;協(xié)商型正義:律師妨害民事訴訟行為公開(kāi)方式的新探索[J];河北法學(xué);2013年05期

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本文編號(hào)：1554654