發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-21 05:02

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 法律移植 法律移植效果 特定的功能 本土資源　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代交通通訊技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化進(jìn)程不斷加快。在這一背景下,法律正發(fā)生著全方位的適應(yīng)性變革與重構(gòu),全球法律趨同化的格局逐漸形成。要實(shí)現(xiàn)我國法制現(xiàn)代化,大規(guī)模的法律移植是低成本且便捷的方式,也是必然選擇。通過對(duì)人類歷史上法律移植現(xiàn)象的回顧,來對(duì)影響法律移植效果的因素進(jìn)行研究,對(duì)于提高法律移植的成功率具有重要意義。 中外眾多法學(xué)家都對(duì)法律移植下過各自的定義,至今尚未形成為學(xué)界所公認(rèn)的統(tǒng)一概念。通過對(duì)中外眾多法學(xué)家關(guān)于法律移植觀點(diǎn)的綜合,并對(duì)法律移植諸內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行剖析之后,法律移植基本上可以這樣定義:法律移植是將被移植方的法律制度、法律原則和法律思想吸收到國內(nèi)來,通過改造、整合,溶入到本國的制度、原則、思想和學(xué)說之中,使其成為本國法的一部分并加以實(shí)施。判定法律移植成敗的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),是法律移植能否發(fā)揮“特定的功能”,也就是能否促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,而非以法律的本土化作為成功的根據(jù)。 為了更好地理解法律移植的效果,有必要對(duì)法律移植的典型案例進(jìn)行評(píng)析。美國法對(duì)英國法進(jìn)行移植并改造,最終形成了在世界范圍內(nèi)具有重要影響的英美法系。日本在大規(guī)模移植西方法律后經(jīng)濟(jì)取得了飛速發(fā)展,成為公認(rèn)的法律移植成功的典型。我國的鄰國越南卻因?yàn)榉N種原因?qū)е缕浞梢浦驳氖　Ｋ鼈兊某蓴?duì)我國都有很大的借鑒和參考價(jià)值。 移植的法律在異國發(fā)揮效果并不容易,它受到外部因素和內(nèi)部因素的影響和制約。外部因素包括經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化等因素,法律移植的成功需要符合經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的客觀規(guī)律,同時(shí)也需要政治的支持和文化的認(rèn)同。此外,法律內(nèi)部因素如法律詞匯、法律結(jié)構(gòu)等也會(huì)影響法律移植的效果。法律移植要取得成功,不僅要對(duì)移植法本身進(jìn)行本土化改造,還應(yīng)適當(dāng)改造本土環(huán)境以利于移植法更好地在本土發(fā)揮作用。 我國當(dāng)前進(jìn)行法律移植存在諸多的困難和不足,蘇聯(lián)法和傳統(tǒng)法律文化的消極成分成為我國法律移植成功和法制現(xiàn)代化的障礙。清除這些障礙,大力引進(jìn)外國先進(jìn)的法律制度、理論和文化,使得具有普世價(jià)值的法律與我國本土資源相結(jié)合,讓移植法融入到我國的法律體系,才能更快實(shí)現(xiàn)我國法制現(xiàn)代化。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern transportation and communication technology, the process of economic globalization is accelerating. Under this background, the law is undergoing all-around adaptive transformation and reconstruction. In order to realize the modernization of China's legal system, large-scale legal transplantation is a low-cost and convenient way, and is also an inevitable choice. Through the review of the phenomenon of legal transplantation in human history. It is of great significance to improve the success rate of legal transplantation by studying the factors that affect the effect of legal transplantation. Many jurists at home and abroad have made their own definitions of legal transplantation, but have not yet formed a unified concept that has been recognized by scholars. Through the synthesis of the views of many jurists at home and abroad on legal transplantation. After analyzing the connotation of legal transplantation, legal transplantation can be basically defined as follows: legal transplantation is to absorb the legal system, legal principles and legal ideas of the transplanted party into the country, through transformation, integration. Incorporated into the system, principle, thought and doctrine of our country, it becomes a part of the national law and carries out. The criterion of judging the success or failure of the law transplantation is whether the law transplant can play a "specific function". That is, whether or not to promote economic development, rather than the localization of the law as the basis for success. In order to better understand the effect of law transplantation, it is necessary to evaluate the typical cases of law transplantation. Finally, the Anglo-American legal system with important influence in the world was formed. Japan made rapid economic development after the large-scale transplantation of western laws. Vietnam, China's neighboring country, has failed in its legal transplant due to various reasons. Their success or failure has great reference value for our country. The law of transplantation is not easy to exert its effect in foreign countries. It is influenced and restricted by external and internal factors. External factors include economic, political, cultural and other factors. The success of legal transplantation needs the objective law of economic development, political support and cultural identity. In addition, the internal factors of law, such as legal vocabulary. Legal structure will also affect the effect of legal transplantation. In order to succeed, not only the transplant law itself should be localized. It is also necessary to modify the local environment properly in order to help the transplant method to play a better role in the local area. There are many difficulties and deficiencies in carrying out the legal transplantation in our country at present. The negative elements of the Soviet law and the traditional legal culture have become the obstacles to the success of the legal transplantation and the modernization of the legal system in our country. The introduction of foreign advanced legal system, theory and culture, so that the universal value of the law and our local resources combined, so that the transplant law into the legal system of our country. Only then can we realize the modernization of our country's legal system more quickly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D90

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本文編號(hào)：1450546