【摘要】：目的:調(diào)查分析西藏工布江達(dá)縣珍稀藥用植物種類、分布,藥用部位單株平均重量、現(xiàn)存量、蘊(yùn)藏量,藥用植物功效及經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。方法:采用野外實(shí)地線路踏查、樣點(diǎn)-樣方套-樣方調(diào)查、植物標(biāo)本采集與鑒定、生物量取樣及測定、市場調(diào)查及走訪專家等方法。結(jié)果:工布江達(dá)縣有69科234屬433種植物,其中珍稀藥用植物25種,適生面積共有54 933.43 hm~2。大花紅景天藥用部位單株平均重量最大,達(dá)25.00 g;川西小黃菊最小,僅為0.06 g。大花紅景天現(xiàn)存量也最大,為781.25 kg/hm~2;川西小黃菊的最小,僅有0.76 kg/hm~2。25種珍稀藥用植物資源蘊(yùn)藏量為3 937.91 t,經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值達(dá)10 465.91萬元,單價(jià)較高的冬蟲夏草和川貝母經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值分別為844.58和221.33萬元。結(jié)論:西藏工布江達(dá)縣珍稀藥用植物種類多、分布廣、蘊(yùn)藏量大、經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值高、藥理及功效獨(dú)特而多樣,建議加強(qiáng)科學(xué)研究、合理開發(fā)利用好該區(qū)珍稀藥用植物資源。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and analyze the species and distribution of rare medicinal plants in Gongbujiangda County, Tibet. Methods: the methods of field track survey, sampling spot, sample cut-sample investigation, plant specimen collection and identification, biomass sampling and measurement, market investigation and visiting experts were used. Results: there are 433 species of 69 families, 234 genera and 43 species of plants in Gongbujiangda County, of which 25 species are rare medicinal plants, with a suitable area of 54 933.43 hm~2.. The average weight of single plant in the medicinal part of Rhodiola davidiola was the largest, reaching 25.00 g, while that in western Sichuan was only 0.06 g. The standing stock of Rhodiola davidiola was also the largest, which was the smallest in 781.25 kg/hm~2; of small yellow chrysanthemum in western Sichuan, and only 0.76 kg/hm~2.25 species of rare medicinal plant resources were stored in 3 937.91 t, and the economic value was 104.6591 million yuan. The economic value of Cordyceps sinensis and Cordyceps spp. with higher unit price was 844.58 yuan and 2.2133 million yuan respectively. Conclusion: there are many species of rare medicinal plants in Gongbujiangda County, Tibet, with large reserves, high economic value, unique pharmacology and diverse efficacy. It is suggested that scientific research should be strengthened and the resources of rare medicinal plants in this area should be rationally exploited and utilized.
【作者單位】： 西藏農(nóng)牧學(xué)院/西藏農(nóng)牧學(xué)院-西南大學(xué)藥用植物聯(lián)合研發(fā)中心;
【基金】：第四次全國中藥資源普查項(xiàng)目(20120716-540000) 西藏自治區(qū)高等學(xué)校人文社會科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目(sk2015-34) 西藏特色農(nóng)牧資源研發(fā)協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心建設(shè)資助項(xiàng)目(2014-2015)
【分類號】：R29
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本文編號：2264185