本文選題：榜嘎　切入點(diǎn)：生物堿　出處：《成都中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：榜嘎(Bangga)為毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)烏頭屬(Aconitum)多年生草本植物,是習(xí)用藏藥材之一,味苦性涼,有小毒,民間及臨床的應(yīng)用均取其抗炎、清熱解毒、抗腫瘤等藥理作用,多種藏藥復(fù)方中均含榜嘎。文獻(xiàn)分析發(fā)現(xiàn)榜嘎藥材的主要毒性及活性成分為生物堿類,榜嘎藥材的廣泛使用與其所含生物堿成分的藥理作用密切相關(guān),但其質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)極完善,缺乏科學(xué)及系統(tǒng)性,限制臨床用藥的安全性。該課題開展了榜嘎藥材生物堿成分的提取、分離、純化及鑒定研究,從中得到3個化合物,分別鑒定為：異葉烏頭堿、大麥芽堿、塔拉烏頭胺,純度符合對照品要求,采用HPLC及TLC分析發(fā)現(xiàn)大麥芽堿為榜嘎藥材共有生物堿成分,且具有顯著的藥理活性,故將其定為榜嘎藥材質(zhì)量評價(jià)指標(biāo)。采用LC-MS對毒性雙酯型生物堿烏頭堿、新烏頭堿、次烏頭堿進(jìn)行了定性分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),榜嘎藥材中不含烏頭堿、次烏頭堿、新烏頭堿成分,與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道一致。故本研究未對毒性成分烏頭堿、新烏頭堿及次烏頭堿進(jìn)行限量測定。在榜嘎藥材質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的研究中,以大麥芽堿為檢測指標(biāo)。采用薄層鑒別法,建立了以大麥芽堿為活性指標(biāo)成分的薄層鑒別方法；采用高效液相色譜法法,建立了以大麥芽堿為檢測指標(biāo)的含量測定方法,并測定了多批藥材中大麥芽堿含量,規(guī)定其含量不得低于0.009%；照《中國藥典》2015年版(四部)通則方法測定榜嘎藥材水分、灰分、浸出物,規(guī)定了其水分不大于9.5%,總灰分不大于15.5%,酸不溶性灰分不大于2.5%,浸出物不得少于23.4%。在對榜嘎藥材的生物堿成分的活性研究中,采用煙熏法造急性支氣管炎模型,觀察了大麥芽堿、異葉烏頭堿、塔拉烏頭胺對氣管炎的防治作用。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,3種生物堿均有一定的抗炎活性,但大麥芽堿的藥理活性較強(qiáng),為質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的建立提供研究支撐。本課題建立了榜嘎藥材的質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn),完善了性狀、鑒別、檢查、含量測定等檢測項(xiàng)目,并對榜嘎特征性生物堿成分的藥理活性進(jìn)行了初步研究,為榜嘎藥材的鑒定、資源的合理利用提供了研究支撐。
[Abstract]:Banggaa (Ranunculaceae) is a perennial herb of the genus Ranunculaceae). It is one of the traditional Tibetan medicinal herbs. It has a cool taste and has a small poison. The folk and clinical applications take its pharmacological effects of anti-inflammatory, heat-clearing and detoxifying, anti-tumor, and so on. The literature analysis showed that the main toxic and active components were alkaloids. The extensive use of Bongga was closely related to the pharmacological action of its alkaloids, but its quality standard was perfect. Lack of scientific and systematic methods to limit the safety of clinical drug use. In this paper, the extraction, isolation, purification and identification of alkaloids from Pangha were carried out, from which three compounds were obtained and identified as iso-aconitine and malt alkaloid, respectively. The purity of taraconitine met the requirement of reference substance. HPLC and TLC analysis showed that malt alkaloid was a common alkaloid component and had remarkable pharmacological activity. Therefore, it was determined as the quality evaluation index of Bongjia medicinal materials. The qualitative analysis of aconitine, new aconitine and subaconitine was carried out by LC-MS. The results showed that there were no aconitine, subaconitine and new aconitine in Bongga medicinal materials. Therefore, no limited determination of aconitine, new aconitine and subaconitine was carried out in this study. A TLC method for the identification of malt base was established, and a method for the determination of malt base was established by HPLC, and the content of malt base in many batches of medicinal materials was determined. It is stipulated that its content shall not be less than 0.009; according to the general rules of the 2015 edition (four parts) of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the water, ash, and extracts of the medicinal materials of Bongga shall be determined, Its water content is not greater than 9.5, total ash content is not greater than 15.5am, acid insoluble ash content is not more than 2.5, and extract is not less than 23.40.In the study of the activity of alkaloid components of Bongga medicinal herbs, the model of acute bronchitis was established by smoking method, and the malt base was observed. The experimental results showed that all three alkaloids had some anti-inflammatory activities, but the pharmacological activities of malt alkaloids were stronger. To provide research support for the establishment of quality standard. This subject has established the quality standard of Bongga medicinal materials, and has perfected the items of character, identification, inspection, content determination and so on. The pharmacological activities of the characteristic alkaloids were preliminarily studied, which provided the research support for the identification of the medicinal materials and the rational utilization of the resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R29

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