本文關(guān)鍵詞： 藏藥制劑 藥品標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 品種 主治 用藥特點(diǎn)　出處：《中國藥房》2017年16期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的:研究藏藥制劑的品種、主治和用藥特點(diǎn),為藏醫(yī)臨床用藥和新藥研發(fā)提供參考。方法:收集法定藥品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中藏藥制劑,統(tǒng)計(jì)制劑的品種特點(diǎn)(制劑規(guī)模、批準(zhǔn)文號(hào)與生產(chǎn)企業(yè)、制劑名稱、劑型和藥味數(shù))、主治特點(diǎn)(主治病名、臨床應(yīng)用)及藥物特點(diǎn)(類別與數(shù)量、藥用部位、常用藥與使用頻率、"三果"的使用特征)等。結(jié)果:共納入458種制劑,其中18種收載于2015年版《中國藥典》(一部),200種收載于1995年版《中華人民共和國衛(wèi)生部藥品標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(藏藥),240種收載于第一版《藏藥標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(六省區(qū));129種制劑共計(jì)獲得430個(gè)批準(zhǔn)文號(hào),由52家藥企生產(chǎn);制劑命名多采用"藥味數(shù)+主藥+劑型""主藥+劑型""主治+劑型"等形式;劑型有散劑、丸劑、膏劑、油劑、糖漿劑、酒劑等;藥味數(shù)為(13.81±13.28)味。藏藥制劑臨床常用于治療消化系統(tǒng)疾病、呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病、泌尿生殖系統(tǒng)疾病、循環(huán)系統(tǒng)疾病、傳染病和寄生蟲病等。藏藥制劑共使用442味藥物,其中植物藥297味、動(dòng)物藥70味、礦物藥47味、其他28味;常見藥用部位依次為種子或果實(shí)、根或根莖、全草、花、莖、地上部分、塊莖或鱗莖等。用藥頻率排前10位的藥物依次為訶子、紅花、木香、豆蔻、余甘子、蓽茇、藏木香、石榴、麝香、鴨嘴花等;19%的制劑含有三果(訶子、余甘子、毛訶子)。結(jié)論:藏藥制劑的品種豐富、藥味數(shù)適中、固體制劑較多、臨床應(yīng)用廣泛、植物藥占多數(shù)、常用"三果",但有國藥準(zhǔn)字號(hào)的制劑較少。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the variety, main treatment and characteristics of Tibetan medicine preparations, and to provide reference for the clinical use of Tibetan medicine and the research and development of new drugs. Approved document number and production enterprise, preparation name, dosage form and taste number, main treatment characteristics (main treatment name, clinical application) and drug characteristics (category and quantity, medicinal parts, common use and use frequency). Results: a total of 458 preparations were included, of which 18 were recorded in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (1). 200 species were collected in the 1995 edition of the Drug Standards of the Ministry of Health of the people's Republic of China (240 species of Tibetan drugs) in the first edition of the first edition of the "Tibetan Medicine Standards" (six provinces and regions); A total of 430 approved symbols were obtained for 129 formulations, which were produced by 52 pharmaceutical companies; Most of the preparations were named in the form of "main dosage form", "main drug form" and "main treatment dosage form". Dosage forms include powder, pills, plaster, oil, syrup, liquor, etc. The medicine taste number is 13.81 鹵13.28). Tibetan medicine preparations are often used in the treatment of digestive system diseases, respiratory diseases, urogenital diseases, circulatory diseases. Infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, etc. 442 kinds of drugs were used in Tibetan medicine preparations, of which 297 were plant drugs, 70 were animal drugs, 47 were mineral drugs, and 28 were other medicines; The common medicinal parts were seed or fruit, root or rhizome, whole grass, flower, stem, aboveground part, tuber or bulb, etc. Piper longum, Tibetan wood, pomegranate, musk, duck beak flower, etc. 19% of the preparations contained three fruits (Xanthophyllus chebula, Fructus Yuganzi, Rubens chebula). Conclusion: Tibetan medicine preparations are rich in variety, moderate in the number of medicinal flavors, more in solid preparations, widely used in clinical practice, and most of them are plant drugs, which are commonly used as "three fruits". However, the number of Chinese medicine is less than the preparation.
【作者單位】： 成都中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)民族醫(yī)藥學(xué)院;成都中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)藥學(xué)院;
【基金】：教育部人文社會(huì)科學(xué)研究青年基金項(xiàng)目(No.14YJCGJW006,15YJC850015) 四川省社會(huì)科學(xué)“十二五”規(guī)劃項(xiàng)目(No.SC14C008) 四川省教育廳科研項(xiàng)目(No.12SA020)
【分類號(hào)】：R29
【正文快照】： 藏醫(yī)學(xué)源于本土醫(yī)學(xué),吸收了中醫(yī)學(xué)、大食、天竺等醫(yī)學(xué)理論,逐漸形成了具有民族特色的藏醫(yī)藥體系,形成了以三因?qū)W說“龍”(氣)、“赤巴”(膽)、“培根”(涎)為指導(dǎo)的藏醫(yī)藥理論體系[1]。傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)學(xué)多使用復(fù)方,但與中醫(yī)常使用飲片組合、熬湯成藥不同,藏醫(yī)受藏區(qū)生產(chǎn)生活環(huán)境的限制

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