初中小說有效教學(xué)策略研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-16 14:01
【摘要】：在初中語文教學(xué)中,小說教學(xué)具有非常重要的作用,學(xué)生對小說閱讀也都很感興趣,但對小說感興趣并不意味著學(xué)生對小說課堂最感興趣。本課題圍繞目前小說教學(xué)存在的問題,從小說的特征、有效教學(xué)談起,結(jié)合新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對初中小說有效教學(xué)進(jìn)行了定義,對初中小說有效教學(xué)的評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了闡釋,有效的初中小說教學(xué)應(yīng)做到以下幾點:初中小說教學(xué)目標(biāo)確定有效、知識建構(gòu)系統(tǒng)全面、教學(xué)情境營造有效、教學(xué)活動體現(xiàn)學(xué)生主體性、傳達(dá)的思想意蘊學(xué)生能初步體會。通過初中小說有效教學(xué)的定義及評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn),發(fā)現(xiàn)初中小說課堂存在著許多問題,如重視知識傳授,輕視學(xué)段目標(biāo);重視課堂設(shè)計,忽視學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí);重視答案的統(tǒng)一性,輕視多元化的思考;重視具體的分析,缺少對小說文體特色的品析,這些問題的存在反而讓學(xué)生失去了初讀小說時的強烈的興趣,所以大多數(shù)的小說課堂是低效的。本文結(jié)合筆者多年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗對初中小說有效教學(xué)策略進(jìn)行了研究,本文從構(gòu)建小說知識體系、課前備課、課堂教學(xué)、課后拓展四個方面進(jìn)行了論述。要想初中小說教學(xué)更加有效,就要構(gòu)建小說知識體系,如小說的敘事知識、三要素知識等。為了實現(xiàn)課前的有效備課,首先要把握不同學(xué)段學(xué)生的學(xué)情:七年級應(yīng)重視閱讀習(xí)慣的培養(yǎng),八年級應(yīng)重視知識結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)建,九年級應(yīng)重視鑒賞方法的掌握;其次要根據(jù)文本特點確定教學(xué)內(nèi)容,要從以下角度來考慮:一要關(guān)注文本特征,重視學(xué)生感悟。二要關(guān)注編者意圖,突出教材單元重點。在課前備課有效的基礎(chǔ)上,課堂上實施有效的教學(xué)策略能更好地激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生的主體性。在課堂上的有效教學(xué)策略包括以下幾方面:一是營造和諧民主的課堂氣氛,調(diào)動學(xué)生積極性,精心設(shè)計導(dǎo)入,如聯(lián)系舊知、角色裝扮、同類相比、創(chuàng)設(shè)情境等方式,激發(fā)學(xué)生的積極性,實施激勵評價,激發(fā)課堂活力。二是巧妙設(shè)計課堂問題,設(shè)計有挑戰(zhàn)性、、思辨性、新穎性的問題,讓課堂充滿活力。三是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生審美意識,通過對美的教學(xué)情境的創(chuàng)造、對學(xué)生審美感知的調(diào)動、對學(xué)生審美想象的啟發(fā)、對學(xué)生審美體驗的誘發(fā)等方式來提高學(xué)生的審美能力。四是運用多樣化的教學(xué)方式,如充分利用多媒體來設(shè)計封面,找準(zhǔn)疑難點來進(jìn)行突破;采用比較感悟、角色扮演、辯論賽等各種教學(xué)方式提高學(xué)生小說閱讀能力等。另外課外學(xué)生的拓展閱讀也非常重要,有效的拓展閱讀既可以拓寬學(xué)生的視野,又可以鞏固課堂教學(xué)的成果,我們可以由課內(nèi)拓展到原著,也可以將同一主題、同一作家的作品進(jìn)行對比閱讀。
[Abstract]:In junior middle school Chinese teaching, novel teaching plays a very important role, and students are also interested in reading novels, but being interested in novels does not mean that students are most interested in novel classes. This topic revolves around the current novel teaching question, from the novel characteristic, the effective teaching, unifies the new curriculum standard, has carried on the definition to the junior high school novel effective teaching, has carried on the explanation to the junior high school novel effective teaching appraisal standard. The effective junior high school novel teaching should do the following: the junior high school novel teaching goal determination is effective, the knowledge construction system is comprehensive, the teaching situation construction is effective, the teaching activity manifests the student's main body, the conveyed thought implication student can realize preliminarily. Through the definition and evaluation criteria of effective teaching of novels in junior high school, it is found that there are many problems in the novel classroom of junior high school, such as attaching importance to the teaching of knowledge, despising the goal of learning paragraph, paying attention to classroom design and neglecting students' independent learning. Pay attention to the unity of the answer, despise the pluralistic thinking; Attention to specific analysis, the lack of literary style characteristics of the novel analysis, the existence of these problems caused the students to lose the strong interest in the first reading of the novel, so most of the novel classroom is inefficient. Combining with the author's teaching experience for many years, this paper studies the effective teaching strategy of novels in junior high school. This paper discusses four aspects: constructing novel knowledge system, preparing lessons before class, teaching in class and extending after class. In order to be more effective in the teaching of novels in junior high school, it is necessary to construct the knowledge system of novels, such as the narrative knowledge of novels, the knowledge of three elements, and so on. In order to prepare lessons effectively before class, first of all, we should grasp the learning situation of students with different learning stages: grade 7 should pay attention to the cultivation of reading habits, grade 8 should attach importance to the construction of knowledge structure, grade 9 should attach importance to the mastery of appreciation methods; Secondly, the teaching content should be determined according to the characteristics of the text, which should be considered from the following angles: first, pay attention to the characteristics of the text and pay attention to the students' perception. Second, we should pay attention to the editor's intention and highlight the focus of the textbook unit. On the basis of effective preparation of lessons before class, effective teaching strategies can better stimulate students' interest in learning and give full play to their subjectivity. The effective teaching strategies in the classroom include the following aspects: first, creating a harmonious and democratic classroom atmosphere, arousing the enthusiasm of students, carefully designing and introducing, such as connecting with old knowledge, dressing up roles, creating situations in the same kind of comparison, etc. Stimulate the enthusiasm of students, the implementation of incentive evaluation, stimulate the vitality of the classroom. Second, skillfully design classroom problems, design challenging, speculative, novelty issues, so that the classroom is full of vitality. Third, cultivate students' aesthetic consciousness, improve students' aesthetic ability by creating the teaching situation of beauty, mobilizing students' aesthetic perception, enlightening students' aesthetic imagination and inducing students' aesthetic experience. The fourth is to use a variety of teaching methods, such as making full use of multimedia to design the cover, find out the difficult points to break through, and adopt various teaching methods such as comparative understanding, role playing, debate competition and other teaching methods to improve the students' reading ability of novels. In addition, it is also very important for extracurricular students to expand their reading. Effective expansion of reading can not only broaden students' horizons, but also consolidate the achievements of classroom teaching. We can expand from class to the original, or we can also expand the same subject. Compare the works of the same writer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.3
本文編號：2424518
[Abstract]:In junior middle school Chinese teaching, novel teaching plays a very important role, and students are also interested in reading novels, but being interested in novels does not mean that students are most interested in novel classes. This topic revolves around the current novel teaching question, from the novel characteristic, the effective teaching, unifies the new curriculum standard, has carried on the definition to the junior high school novel effective teaching, has carried on the explanation to the junior high school novel effective teaching appraisal standard. The effective junior high school novel teaching should do the following: the junior high school novel teaching goal determination is effective, the knowledge construction system is comprehensive, the teaching situation construction is effective, the teaching activity manifests the student's main body, the conveyed thought implication student can realize preliminarily. Through the definition and evaluation criteria of effective teaching of novels in junior high school, it is found that there are many problems in the novel classroom of junior high school, such as attaching importance to the teaching of knowledge, despising the goal of learning paragraph, paying attention to classroom design and neglecting students' independent learning. Pay attention to the unity of the answer, despise the pluralistic thinking; Attention to specific analysis, the lack of literary style characteristics of the novel analysis, the existence of these problems caused the students to lose the strong interest in the first reading of the novel, so most of the novel classroom is inefficient. Combining with the author's teaching experience for many years, this paper studies the effective teaching strategy of novels in junior high school. This paper discusses four aspects: constructing novel knowledge system, preparing lessons before class, teaching in class and extending after class. In order to be more effective in the teaching of novels in junior high school, it is necessary to construct the knowledge system of novels, such as the narrative knowledge of novels, the knowledge of three elements, and so on. In order to prepare lessons effectively before class, first of all, we should grasp the learning situation of students with different learning stages: grade 7 should pay attention to the cultivation of reading habits, grade 8 should attach importance to the construction of knowledge structure, grade 9 should attach importance to the mastery of appreciation methods; Secondly, the teaching content should be determined according to the characteristics of the text, which should be considered from the following angles: first, pay attention to the characteristics of the text and pay attention to the students' perception. Second, we should pay attention to the editor's intention and highlight the focus of the textbook unit. On the basis of effective preparation of lessons before class, effective teaching strategies can better stimulate students' interest in learning and give full play to their subjectivity. The effective teaching strategies in the classroom include the following aspects: first, creating a harmonious and democratic classroom atmosphere, arousing the enthusiasm of students, carefully designing and introducing, such as connecting with old knowledge, dressing up roles, creating situations in the same kind of comparison, etc. Stimulate the enthusiasm of students, the implementation of incentive evaluation, stimulate the vitality of the classroom. Second, skillfully design classroom problems, design challenging, speculative, novelty issues, so that the classroom is full of vitality. Third, cultivate students' aesthetic consciousness, improve students' aesthetic ability by creating the teaching situation of beauty, mobilizing students' aesthetic perception, enlightening students' aesthetic imagination and inducing students' aesthetic experience. The fourth is to use a variety of teaching methods, such as making full use of multimedia to design the cover, find out the difficult points to break through, and adopt various teaching methods such as comparative understanding, role playing, debate competition and other teaching methods to improve the students' reading ability of novels. In addition, it is also very important for extracurricular students to expand their reading. Effective expansion of reading can not only broaden students' horizons, but also consolidate the achievements of classroom teaching. We can expand from class to the original, or we can also expand the same subject. Compare the works of the same writer.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.3
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