論《文章作法》作文教育觀及其現(xiàn)代意義
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-26 15:14
【摘要】：《文章作法》是夏N尊先生的作文課講稿,后經(jīng)劉薰宇先生結(jié)合自己的教學(xué)實踐修改編輯成書。1926年由開明書店出版�！段恼伦鞣ā肥俏逅臅r期的一本面向中等學(xué)校以白話文的寫作教學(xué)為目的專門性寫作訓(xùn)練教材,主要教授中等學(xué)校學(xué)生以小品文為練習(xí)手段學(xué)會記事文、敘事文、說明文、議論文四種基本文體的寫作。該書以文體教學(xué)為綱,以語文知識為目,以法則加練習(xí)為體例,是我國現(xiàn)代最早出版的作文法訓(xùn)練教程�！段恼伦鞣ā返膯柺�,是夏N尊先生為挽救當(dāng)時的中學(xué)作文教學(xué),而根據(jù)自己的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗編寫的應(yīng)世救急之書。在此之前國文界雖有論到作文法的書,但是不是“陳義過高,流于玄妙”就是“不合時宜”,不符合實踐教學(xué)的需求,作文知識不能被教師很好的轉(zhuǎn)化形成教學(xué)內(nèi)容。由于知識類作文教材陳義過高,研究者們選用的文選類教材用于教學(xué),由教師通過作品講解教學(xué)生閱讀與寫作,這就沒有系統(tǒng)的作文知識進行引導(dǎo),又缺乏專業(yè)性。因而夏N尊先生編此書以救急,用于中等學(xué)校的作文教學(xué)之用�！段恼伦鞣ā愤@本作文教材的使用,實現(xiàn)了作文教育目的由“為功名”轉(zhuǎn)向“為實用”;實現(xiàn)了寫作載體由文言文轉(zhuǎn)向白話文;實現(xiàn)了作文教材由文選類作文教材轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)ｉT性的作文教材�！段恼伦鞣ā芬粫炀攘酥袑W(xué)作文教學(xué),從這本書中也體現(xiàn)了夏N尊先生豐富的作文教育思想。對于作文,他強調(diào)的作文的工具性、明確作文要達到的基本條件、強調(diào)作文的作者意識和作文的讀者意識;對于作文教材的編撰,講究單元組織的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性、選文選擇的經(jīng)典性、練習(xí)設(shè)計的多樣化三個特點;對于作文教學(xué),明確作文教學(xué)的目標(biāo)是教授學(xué)生作文方法、作文教學(xué)的內(nèi)容要以實用文為主、作文教學(xué)的方式需實施法則加練習(xí)教學(xué)、作文教學(xué)還應(yīng)傳染語感于學(xué)生�！段恼伦鞣ā反砹水�(dāng)時乃至現(xiàn)今作文教學(xué)的先進水平,無論理論上,還是實踐上都給后人提供了可鑒之資�！段恼伦鞣ā穯⑹疚覀冏魑慕虒W(xué)要著重片段教學(xué);作文教學(xué)要善于舉例示范;作文教學(xué)要注重逐步引導(dǎo);作文教學(xué)要緊扣遣詞造句;作文教學(xué)要善于引導(dǎo)積累;作文教學(xué)要重視培養(yǎng)語感。盡管《文章作法》在作文教學(xué)中是教學(xué)實踐中首屈一指的作文教材經(jīng)典,但是也存在舉例范文來源生活中的比重較低;忽略了積極修辭在作文中的作用;缺少必不可少的寫人作文的教學(xué)�！段恼伦鞣ā吩诂F(xiàn)代作文教學(xué)雖存在不足,但這并不能掩蓋《文章作法》的現(xiàn)代價值,我們面對任何一本經(jīng)典之作,都應(yīng)該有取其精華去其糟粕的精神,在批判中繼承與發(fā)揚。
[Abstract]:"the practice of articles" is the lecture notes of Mr. Xia Nzun's composition class. The book was later revised and edited by Mr. Liu Laven-yu in combination with his own teaching practice. Published by the enlightened bookstore in 1926, the practice of articles was a specialized writing training textbook for the purpose of teaching vernacular writing in secondary schools during the May 4th Movement. Students in secondary schools are taught how to write essays, narratives, narratives and argumentations. The book takes stylistic teaching as its outline, Chinese knowledge as its object, and rules and practice as its style. It is the earliest course of composition training published in our country in modern times. "the practice of articles" came out, and it was the composition teaching of Xia Nzun Zun to save the middle school composition teaching at that time. And according to their own teaching experience to prepare the book of emergency response to the world. Before this, there were books on composition method in the Chinese language circle, but they were either "overstated, flowing in mystery" or "out of date", which did not meet the needs of practical teaching. Composition knowledge could not be transformed into teaching content by teachers. Because the knowledge composition textbooks are too high, the selected textbooks are used for teaching, and the teachers teach students to read and write through the works, so there is no systematic writing knowledge to guide them and lack of professionalism. Therefore, Mr. Xia Nzun Zun wrote this book in order to save the emergency and be used in the composition teaching in secondary schools. The use of this composition teaching material has realized the purpose of composition education from "for merit" to "for practical use"; Realized the writing carrier from classical Chinese to vernacular; The essay practice has saved the composition teaching in the middle school, and has also reflected the rich composition education thought of Mr. Xia Nzun from this book. As for the composition, he emphasizes the instrumental nature of the composition, the basic conditions of the composition, the consciousness of the writer and the reader of the composition. For the compilation of composition teaching materials, we pay attention to the preciseness of unit organization, the classic of selecting articles, and the diversity of practice design. For composition teaching, it is clear that the goal of composition teaching is to teach students composition methods, and the content of composition teaching should be based on practical writing. Composition teaching should also infect students with a sense of language. Article practice represents the advanced level of composition teaching at that time and even today, regardless of the theory, In practice, it has provided us with valuable information for future generations. (article practice) enlightens us that we should pay more attention to fragment teaching in composition teaching; Composition teaching should be good at illustrative demonstration; composition teaching should pay attention to gradual guidance; composition teaching should be close to making sentences; composition teaching should be good at guiding accumulation; composition teaching should pay attention to cultivating language sense. Although "article practice" is one of the most important teaching materials in composition teaching, there are still some examples which have a low proportion in life and ignore the role of positive rhetoric in composition. Although there is a deficiency in the teaching of modern composition, this cannot obscure the modern value of the practice of writing articles. We are faced with any classical work. All should have the spirit of taking its essence away from its dross, and inherit and carry forward in the criticism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.34
本文編號：2358912
[Abstract]:"the practice of articles" is the lecture notes of Mr. Xia Nzun's composition class. The book was later revised and edited by Mr. Liu Laven-yu in combination with his own teaching practice. Published by the enlightened bookstore in 1926, the practice of articles was a specialized writing training textbook for the purpose of teaching vernacular writing in secondary schools during the May 4th Movement. Students in secondary schools are taught how to write essays, narratives, narratives and argumentations. The book takes stylistic teaching as its outline, Chinese knowledge as its object, and rules and practice as its style. It is the earliest course of composition training published in our country in modern times. "the practice of articles" came out, and it was the composition teaching of Xia Nzun Zun to save the middle school composition teaching at that time. And according to their own teaching experience to prepare the book of emergency response to the world. Before this, there were books on composition method in the Chinese language circle, but they were either "overstated, flowing in mystery" or "out of date", which did not meet the needs of practical teaching. Composition knowledge could not be transformed into teaching content by teachers. Because the knowledge composition textbooks are too high, the selected textbooks are used for teaching, and the teachers teach students to read and write through the works, so there is no systematic writing knowledge to guide them and lack of professionalism. Therefore, Mr. Xia Nzun Zun wrote this book in order to save the emergency and be used in the composition teaching in secondary schools. The use of this composition teaching material has realized the purpose of composition education from "for merit" to "for practical use"; Realized the writing carrier from classical Chinese to vernacular; The essay practice has saved the composition teaching in the middle school, and has also reflected the rich composition education thought of Mr. Xia Nzun from this book. As for the composition, he emphasizes the instrumental nature of the composition, the basic conditions of the composition, the consciousness of the writer and the reader of the composition. For the compilation of composition teaching materials, we pay attention to the preciseness of unit organization, the classic of selecting articles, and the diversity of practice design. For composition teaching, it is clear that the goal of composition teaching is to teach students composition methods, and the content of composition teaching should be based on practical writing. Composition teaching should also infect students with a sense of language. Article practice represents the advanced level of composition teaching at that time and even today, regardless of the theory, In practice, it has provided us with valuable information for future generations. (article practice) enlightens us that we should pay more attention to fragment teaching in composition teaching; Composition teaching should be good at illustrative demonstration; composition teaching should pay attention to gradual guidance; composition teaching should be close to making sentences; composition teaching should be good at guiding accumulation; composition teaching should pay attention to cultivating language sense. Although "article practice" is one of the most important teaching materials in composition teaching, there are still some examples which have a low proportion in life and ignore the role of positive rhetoric in composition. Although there is a deficiency in the teaching of modern composition, this cannot obscure the modern value of the practice of writing articles. We are faced with any classical work. All should have the spirit of taking its essence away from its dross, and inherit and carry forward in the criticism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.34
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
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2 朱國;粟斌;;淺論夏N尊寫作教學(xué)觀[J];沈陽工程學(xué)院學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2012年02期
3 孫海林;夏N尊教育實踐與教育思想研究[J];湖南第一師范學(xué)報;2003年02期
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