【摘要】：習(xí)題課作為高中數(shù)學(xué)課堂教學(xué)的重要組成部分,對培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的解題能力、提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量都起著非常重要的作用。而對于數(shù)學(xué)教師來說,上好一節(jié)習(xí)題課,需要教師做好充足的準(zhǔn)備,根據(jù)學(xué)生的認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu),制定嚴(yán)密的教學(xué)計劃,幫助學(xué)生梳理已學(xué)知識,通過習(xí)題課的講解促進(jìn)學(xué)生知識掌握的系統(tǒng)化。因此,如何促進(jìn)高中數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)更加有效地開展是我國許多數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)者和廣大數(shù)學(xué)教師極為關(guān)注的問題。基于上述考慮,本文采用文獻(xiàn)分析法、案例研究法和課堂觀察法的研究方法,結(jié)合筆者自己在山西省臨汾S中學(xué)的實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn),以筆者及所帶的高一年級全體學(xué)生為研究對象,利用接近五個月的實(shí)習(xí)代課時間,深入到高一數(shù)學(xué)課堂中,在習(xí)題課的教學(xué)實(shí)踐過程中做了一個關(guān)于新手型教師如何上好高中數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課的案例研究。本研究主要探究以下兩個問題:(1)尋找在“必修一”中,高中生學(xué)習(xí)存在困難的習(xí)題課內(nèi)容;(2)針對以上習(xí)題內(nèi)容,找到突破方法,從而提高學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)成績。通過對高中數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課的課前教案準(zhǔn)備、課堂教學(xué)、課后評價及反思等教學(xué)活動的研究,進(jìn)一步分析整理,從而更全面地認(rèn)識高中數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)題課教學(xué)中的問題并通過研究得到以下結(jié)論:(1)學(xué)生在必修一的“函數(shù)的單調(diào)性與奇偶性”、“指數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質(zhì)的應(yīng)用”、“對數(shù)函數(shù)及其性質(zhì)的應(yīng)用”這三個專題的習(xí)題求解存在困難;(2)課前進(jìn)行知識梳理和學(xué)情預(yù)測能真實(shí)有效地了解學(xué)生的掌握現(xiàn)狀,并針對性地進(jìn)行習(xí)題選編;(3)課上通過講練結(jié)合的方式引導(dǎo)學(xué)生主動思考,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)思維,講時多與學(xué)生進(jìn)行交流,了解學(xué)生的解題思維,發(fā)現(xiàn)解題障礙,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生找出突破障礙的方法;練時給足學(xué)生思考空間,針對習(xí)題誤區(qū)加強(qiáng)練習(xí),從而提高學(xué)生們的解題效率和課堂教學(xué)效率;(4)課后及時批改和訂正作業(yè),找出并分析失誤原因,給予學(xué)困生足夠重視,從而整體提高學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)成績。
[Abstract]:Exercise course, as an important part of mathematics teaching in senior high school, plays an important role in cultivating students' ability to solve problems and improving teaching quality. For mathematics teachers, it is necessary for them to make adequate preparations for a class of exercises, to formulate strict teaching plans according to the students' cognitive structure, and to help students to sort out the knowledge they have learned. To promote the systematization of students' knowledge mastery through the explanation of exercise class. Therefore, how to promote the teaching of mathematics exercises in senior high school more effectively is a matter of great concern to many mathematics scholars and mathematics teachers in our country. Based on the above considerations, this paper adopts the methods of literature analysis, case study and classroom observation, combined with the author's own practice experience in Linfen S Middle School in Shanxi Province, taking the author and all the students of Grade one of senior high school as the research objects. In this paper, a case study on how novice teachers teach math exercises in senior high school is made in the process of teaching exercises in senior high school. This research mainly explores the following two problems: (1) to find out the content of the problem course in the "compulsory one", and (2) to find the breakthrough method in view of the above problem content, so as to improve the students' mathematics achievement. Through the research on the teaching activities such as preparation of pre-class teaching plan, classroom teaching, after-class evaluation and reflection, etc., it is further analyzed and sorted out. In order to fully understand the problems in the teaching of senior high school mathematics exercises and draw the following conclusions through the research: (1) students in the compulsory "monotonicity and parity of functions", "exponential functions and their properties of the application", It is difficult to solve the problem of "logarithmic function and its application". (2) knowledge combing and learning situation prediction before class can truly and effectively understand the current situation of students' mastery, and carry out exercises compilation pertinently; (3) to guide students to think actively, cultivate students' mathematical thinking, communicate with students more, understand students' thinking of solving problems, find out obstacles of solving problems, and guide students to find ways to break through obstacles; In practice, enough students should be given space to think, and practice should be strengthened to improve the efficiency of problem solving and classroom teaching. (4) correct and revise the homework in time after class, find out and analyze the causes of mistakes, pay enough attention to the students with learning difficulties, so as to improve the students' mathematics achievement as a whole.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.6

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