【摘要】：基本運(yùn)動(dòng)技能(Fundamental Movement Skills,即FMS),是指涉及頭、手、軀干、腿等不同身體部位進(jìn)行諸如走、跑、跳、投擲、擊打、平衡等動(dòng)作技能。這些技能是運(yùn)動(dòng)的基本技能也是各種專項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)技能的基礎(chǔ)。FMS功能動(dòng)作篩查是針對(duì)人在從事各種運(yùn)動(dòng)技能和掌握并形成基礎(chǔ)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程中,可能存在的代償運(yùn)動(dòng)或損傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行篩查的一種科學(xué)方法。通過(guò)7個(gè)功能動(dòng)作模式的篩查和3個(gè)排除性測(cè)試,可以快速準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)身體的基本動(dòng)作逐一排查,得出科學(xué)直觀的理論數(shù)據(jù),為糾正錯(cuò)誤動(dòng)作訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃和運(yùn)動(dòng)處方提供有效依據(jù)。需要根據(jù)不同人群制定出有針對(duì)性的、分層次的測(cè)試方法,從而擴(kuò)展其功能和價(jià)值,為人體運(yùn)動(dòng)損傷的恢復(fù)與再生提供幫助。本文采用文獻(xiàn)資料法、實(shí)驗(yàn)法、測(cè)試法和數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法這4種研究方法,嘗試對(duì)受試對(duì)象進(jìn)行的為期2個(gè)月測(cè)試所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),通過(guò)一系列的文獻(xiàn)為理論基礎(chǔ),加以科學(xué)訓(xùn)練的原則所制定的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃,能使受試的運(yùn)動(dòng)員在測(cè)試時(shí)間內(nèi)有運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī)以及身體素質(zhì)指標(biāo)上的提升,從而達(dá)到可以初步建立一個(gè)青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)員訓(xùn)練與賽前突擊的練習(xí)模板,從而達(dá)到所要達(dá)到的目的。結(jié)果顯示,針對(duì)性的訓(xùn)練,無(wú)論是在負(fù)荷和強(qiáng)度上,都有較顯著的效果,較局部針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練所要達(dá)到的效果更好,對(duì)受試對(duì)象的身體功能與測(cè)試成績(jī)都有著促進(jìn)作用,多樣的訓(xùn)練手段和科學(xué)的訓(xùn)練方法,可以很有效地調(diào)動(dòng)青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)員的訓(xùn)練積極性,從而達(dá)到一個(gè)很好的訓(xùn)練效果,為今后在青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)員領(lǐng)域的科學(xué)研究提供一個(gè)初步的依據(jù)和基點(diǎn),為新的訓(xùn)練手段的開(kāi)發(fā)提供一個(gè)方向,在不久的將來(lái)可以作為青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)員大眾化訓(xùn)練的參考,為我國(guó)的青少年運(yùn)動(dòng)員提供更多的保障,使其無(wú)論在考學(xué)還是競(jìng)賽方面都能發(fā)揮在當(dāng)下時(shí)期最完整的身體極限能力,為創(chuàng)造好的成績(jī)贏取更多的空間與作用感。
[Abstract]:Basic motor skill (Fundamental Movement Skills, (FMS),) refers to the movement skills such as walking, running, jumping, throwing, hitting, balancing and so on, involving head, hand, trunk, leg and other parts of the body. These skills are the basic skills of movement as well as the basis of various specific motor skills. FMS functional movement screening is aimed at people engaged in various motor skills and master and form the basic movement process. A scientific method for screening possible compensatory exercise or injury risks. Through the screening of seven functional action modes and three exclusionary tests, the basic movements of the body can be examined one by one quickly and accurately, and the scientific and intuitive theoretical data can be obtained, which provides an effective basis for correcting the wrong movement training plan and exercise prescription. In order to expand its function and value, it is necessary to develop targeted and hierarchical testing methods according to different population groups, and to provide help for the recovery and regeneration of human motion injury. In this paper, four research methods, document method, experiment method, test method and mathematical statistics method, are used to analyze the data obtained from the 2-month test, which is based on a series of literatures. The training plan developed by the principle of scientific training enables the athletes to improve their performance and physical fitness during the test period. Thus, we can establish a training template for young athletes and pre-competition assault preliminarily, so as to achieve the goal to be achieved. The results show that the pertinence training, whether in load or intensity, has a better effect than that of local training, and it can promote the body function and test results of the subjects. Various training methods and scientific training methods can effectively mobilize the training enthusiasm of young athletes, thus achieving a very good training effect. To provide a preliminary basis and basis for scientific research in the field of juvenile athletes in the future, to provide a direction for the development of new training means, and to serve as a reference for popular training of young athletes in the near future. To provide more protection for the young athletes in our country, so that they can play the most complete physical limit ability in the present period, and win more space and sense of action in order to create good results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.96
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本文編號(hào)：2272158